Back to Projects
JOIN WHATSAPP GROUP
Free PSC MCQ 4 Lakhs+
Please Write a Review
Current Affairs 2018 to 2022
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 1
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 2
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 3
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 4
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 5
Kerala PSC Study Material Important Lists
Kerala PSC - List of Recently Appointed Brand
Ambassadors
Name of the Brands & Campaigns Person
Seagram‟s Royal Stag Jasprit Bumrah
Estrolo Jasprit Bumrah
Chelsea FC Arjun Kapoor
Himachal Government's Global
Yami Gautam
Investors‟ Meet 2019
Shilpa Shetty Kundra
Bodycare International
Brune & Bareskin Harbhajan Singh
Trusox India Rohit Sharma
Godrej Consumer Products Anushka Sharma
Payment Technology Company Visa P V Sindhu
FIFA World Cup 2018 Victoria Lopreva
New India Conclave 2018 Akshay Kumar
Vivo "S" Series Sara Ali Khan
CARS24 Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Arganish Indian Hockey Player Dharamvir Singh
V-Nourish Shah Rukh Khan
Malabar Gold & Diamonds Anil Kapoor
„Emami 7 Oils in One‟. Katrina Kaif
JBL Ranveer Singh
Gatorade by PepsiCo Hima Das
Indian Army MS Dhoni
Magicbricks Ayushmann Khurana nd Kriti Sanon
Madhya Pradesh Govinda
GOQii Akshay Kumar
TAFE (Tractors and Farm Equipment)
Akshay Kumar
Ltd
Pro Kabbadi Team Patna Pirates Neetu Chandra
Himalaya Drug Company Virat Kohli and Rishab Pant
Hero MotoCorp Colombian Footballer Yerry Mina
Emami Navratna Cool Varun Dhawan
Vector X Dalima Chhibbar
Pro Kabaddi League Outfit UP Yoddha Gautam Gambhir
Reebok Katrina Kaif and Varun Dhawan
Monte Carlo Andrew Russell
Goa's Ambassador for promoting Yoga Namrata Menon
GS Caltex India Shikhar Dhawan
Fanmojo Prithvi Shaw
Menswear Brand Indian Terrain Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Myntra Virat Kohli, Anushka Sharma
BharatPe Salman Khan
PhonePe Aamir Khan
Fantasy 11 Murali Kartik
redBus Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Indo-American Arts Council (IAAC) Vikas Khanna
Fast&Up Mayank Aggarwal
PolicyX.com Virender Sehwag
Fantasy Sports Platform Fantain Suresh Raina
Lloyd Ranveer Singh and Deepika Padukone
PokerStars India Nawazuddin Siddiqui
Clinique India Radhika Apte
MG Motor India Benedict Cumberbatch
French Open Justine Henin
Vingajoy Ayushmann Khurrana
Urban Clap Ayushmann Khurrana
Google Duo Virat Kohli
Xiaomi India Ranveer Singh
KajariaPly Ranveer Singh
CricPlay‟s inaugural „Ab India Khelega‟
Gautam Gambhir
campaign
L V Prasad Eye Institute‟s Whitathon VVS Laxman
Colgate Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Election Commission (EC) Pranitha Subhash
Women‟s football tourney Jaya Ahsan
Fantasy Sports startup Hala-Play Hardik and Krunal Pandya
Bareilly Gita Sharma
Mobile Premier League Virat Kohli
Kent for security product range Shah Rukh Khan
Rajasthan Royals Indian Premier
League Shane Warne
(IPL) season 2019
Denver Mahesh Babu
PUMA Mary Kom
Ascent Meditech Hrithik Roshan
E-Commerce Platform Mwoop Sakshi Maggo
PepsiCo‟s Kurkure Taapsee Pannu
Sprite Anmol K.C
Kerastase Lisa Haydon Lalvan
PNB MetLife PV Sindhu
Ambassador of India to the Republic of
Dinesh Bhatia
Argentina
Swasth Immunised India Kareena Kapoor Khan
Indian Ambassadors to Bhutan Ruchira Kamboj
Bharat Scouts And Guides Shreya Chopra
Nissan Global Ambassador Rohit Sharma
Clean India Mission PV Sindhu and Sakshi Malik
Sumadhura Group MS Dhoni
boAt – a lifestyle brand Jacqueline Fernandez
India's Ambassador to UN Pankaj Sharma
Sanjay Gandhi National Park (SGNP) Raveena Tondon
Ambassador for “For Girls and Priyanka Das
Science” initiative in France
Ambassador of India to ASEAN Rudrendra Tandon
Skill India Campaign Varun Dhawan and Anushka Sharma
Goodwill ambassador for Nepal tourism Jaya Prada
Health-related programmes of Haryana Gauri Sheoran
BSNL Mary Kom
India's Ambassador to US Harsh Vardhan Shringla
Vistara Deepika Padukone
Gulf Oil Hardik Pandya
Dabur Honey Jacqueline Fernandez
Cox & Kings Anushka Sharma
Ponds Disha Ptani
Fair & Lovely Yami Gautam
Lux (Soap) Katrina Kaif
Britania Sachin Tendulkar
Close Up Mahesh Babu
Clinic Plus Shweta Tiwari
SamSung Aamir Khan
Brand Ambassador of TATA Group for
Hrithik Roshan
its all-new stylish sedan, the Tata Tigor.
Colgate Anushka Sharma
Kajol Lifebuoy
Horlicks Taapsee Pannu
Dettol India Amitabh Bachchan
Mastercard Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Syska LED Amitabh Bachchan
Manipal Hospitals Rahul Dravid
Dish TV Ranveer Singh
Nokia Alia Bhatt
HoloSuit Yuvraj Singh
Maruti Varun Dhawan
Bharat Matrimony M.S Dhoni
Uber eats Alai Bhatt
Navneet Education Limited Prithvi Shaw
Apollo Tyres Sachin Tendulkar
State Bank of India appoints for YONO Swapna Barman
Datsun India Aamir Khan
Rupa and Company Anushka Sharma
Jonty Rhodes Isuzu D-Max V-Cross
Siyaram Ranveer Singh
Flipkart Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor
Assam ( state‟s brand ambassador) Hima Das
SHARP TV Rohit Sharma
Sumadhura Group MS Dhoni
Remit2India, (an online money transfer
Virat Kohli
portal)
Philips India (for its male grooming
Virat Kohli
products)
Indigo Paints MS Dhoni
BoAt Jacqueline Fernandez
Dabur(for its skin care brand Fem) Kriti Sanon
Dollar Missy Chitrangada Singh
NetMeds (Online Pharmacy) MS Dhoni
L'Oréal Paris Amber Heard
Kraft Heinz India(for the Complan
Sourav Ganguly
brand)
„Educate Girls‟(non-profit organisation) Katrina Kaif
Whirlpool Kriti Sanon and Sushant Singh Rajput
BATA Kriti Sanon
Tata Sons( for global corporate affairs) S Jaishankar
Tourism Fiji(for the India market) Ileana D‟Cruz
Lubricants India (a Hinduja Group
Hardik Pandya
company)
Vivo Aamir Khan
Uber Virat Kohli
Gaming platform Dream11 Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Chocolate Snickers MS Dhoni
Bata‟s new sport wears Smriti Mandhana.
All India Chess Federation for the Blind
Grand Master Vidit Gujrathi.
(AICFB)
Pakistan Cricket Board Shoaib Akhtar
T20 Mumbai League's Sachin Tendulkar
Sikkim AR Rahman
The Muthoot Group Amitabh Bachchan
Harman International Priyanka Chopra
Frooti Allu Arjun
Poker Sports League Viswanathan Anand
RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group(for its
Virat Kohli
packaged snacking brand, Too Yumm)
Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation
Cricketer Suresh Raina
(GMC)
Swachh Bharat Mission in Ghaziabad
Cricketer Suresh Raina
City (Uttar Pradesh)
Delhi Dynamos FC Jacqueline Fer-nandez
Hyundai(Continues for 2 more years) Shahrukh Khan
ITM Group of Institutions Kidambi Srikanth
Environmental Issues Dia Mirza
Innerwear brand Lux Amitabh Bachchan
Futsal football franchise Kerala Cobras Sunny Leone
Indoor Cricket Team Sandeep Patil
WHO Goodwill Ambassador(for Autism
Saima Wazed Hossain
in South Asia)
Road safety awareness campaign. Akshay Kumar
China hails Amir Khan
Oneplus Amitabh Bachhan
Leonardo Olive Oil Chef Sanjeev Kapoor
Luminous Power‟s new brand AMAZE Virat Kohli
Kerala PSC - List of Chief of the Army/Navy/Airforce
Army - Chief of the Army Staff
S.No. Name Tenure
1. General Sir Robert Lockhart 15 Aug 1947 – 31 Dec 1947
2. General Sir Roy Bucher 01 Jan 1948 – 15 Jan 1949
3. Field Marshal KM Cariappa 16 Jan 1949 – 14 Jan 1953
4. General KS Rajendra Sinhji 15 Jan 1953 - 14 May 1955
5. General S.M.Srinagesh 15 May 1955 - 7 May 1957
6. General K.S. Thimayya 8 May 1957 - 7 May 1961
7. General P.N. Thapar 8 May 1961 - 19 Nov 1962
8. General J.N. Choudhuri 20 Nov 1962 - 7 Jun 1966
9. General P.P. Kumaramangalam 8 Jun 1966 - 7 Jun 1969
10. Field Marshal S.H.F.J. Manekshaw 8 Jun 1969 - 15 Jan 1973
11. General G.G.Bewoor 16 Jan 1973 - 31 May 1975
12. General T.N. Raina 1 Jun 1975 - 31 May 1978
13. General O.P. Malhotra 1 Jun 1978 - 31 May 1981
14. General K.V.Krishna Rao 1 Jun 1981 - 31 Jul 1983
15. General A.S.Vaidya 1 Aug 1983 - 31 Jan 1986
16. General K.Sunderji 1 Feb 1986 - 31 May 1988
17. General V.N.Sharma 1 May 1988 - 30 Jun 1990
18. General S.F.Rodrigues 1 Jul 1990 - 30 Jun 1993
19. General B.C.Joshi 1 Jul 1993 - 19 Nov 1994
20. General S.Roychowdhury 22 Nov 1994 - 30 Sep 1997
21. General V.P.Malik 1 Oct 1997 - 30 Sep 2000
22. General S. Padmanabhan 1 Oct 2000 - 31 Dec 2002
23. General N.C.Vij 31 Dec 2002 - 31 Jan 2005
24. General J J Singh 01 Feb 2005 - 30 Sep 2007
25. General Deepak Kapoor 30 Sep 2007 - 30 Mar 2010
26. General V.K. Singh 31 Mar 2010 - 31 May 2012
27. General Bikram Singh 01 Jun 2012 - 31 Jul 2014
28. General DS Suhag 01 Aug 2014 - 31 Dec 2016
29. General Bipin Rawat 31 Dec 2016 - 31 Dec 2019
30. General Manoj Mukund Naravane 1 Jan 2020 - Till date
Navy - Chiefs of the Naval Staff
S.No. Name Tenure
1. Vice Admiral WE Parry 26 Jan 1950 - 12 Oct 1951
2. Vice Admiral Charles TM Pizey 13 Oct 1951 - 21 Jul 1955
3. Vice Admiral SH Carlill 22 Jul 1955 - 21 Apr 1958
4. Vice Admiral Ram Dass Katari 22 Apr 1958 - 04 Jun 1962
5. Vice Admiral BS Soman 05 Jun 1962 - 03 Mar 1966
6. Admiral AK Chatterji 04 Mar 1966 - 28 Feb 1970
7. Admiral SM Nanda 28 Feb 1970 - 28 Feb 1973
8. Admiral SN Kohli 01 Mar 1973 - 29 Feb 1976
9. Admiral Jal Cursetji 01 Mar 1976 - 01 Mar 1979
10. Admiral RL Pereira 01 Mar 1979 - 28 Feb 1982
11. Admiral OS Dawson 01 Mar 1982 - 30 Nov 1984
12. Admiral RH Tahiliani 01 Dec 1984 - 30 Nov 1987
13. Admiral JG Nadkarni 01 Dec 1987 - 30 Nov 1990
14. Admiral L Ramdas 01 Dec 1990 - 30 Sep 1993
15. Admiral VS Shekhawat 01 Oct 1993 - 30 Sep 1996
16. Admiral Vishnu Bhagwat 01 Oct 1996 - 30 Dece 1998
17. Admiral Sushil Kumar 30 Dec 1998 - 29 Dec 2001
18. Admiral Madhvendra Singh 29 Dec 2001 - 31 Jul 2004
19. Admiral Arun Prakash 31 Jul 2004 - 31 Oct 2006
20. Admiral Sureesh Mehta 31 Oct 2006 - 31 Aug 2009
21. Admiral NK Verma 31 Aug 2009 - 31 Aug 2012
22. Admiral DK Joshi 31 Aug 2012 - 26 Feb 2014
23. Admiral RK Dhowan 26 Feb 2014 - 31 May 2016
24. Admiral Sunil Lanba 31 May 2016 - 31 May 2019
25. Admiral Karambir Singh 31 May 2019 - Till to date
Air Force - Chief of the Air Staff
S.No. Name Tenure
1. Air Marshal Thomas Elmhirst 26 Jan 1950 - 23 Feb 1950
2. Air Chief Marshal RI Chapman 23 Feb 1950 - 09 Dec 1951
3. Air Marshal Gerald Gibbs 10 Dec 1951 - 31 Mar 1954
4. Air Marshal Subroto Mukerjee 1 Apr 1954 - 8 Nov 1960
5. Air Marshal Aspy Engineer 01 Dec 1960 - 31 Jul 1964
6. Air Chief Marshal Arjan Singh 01 Aug 1964 - 15 Jul 1969
7. Air Chief Marshal Pratap Chandra Lal 16 Jul 1969 - 15 Jan 1973
8. Air Chief Marshal H Moolgavkar 01 Feb 1976 - 30 Aug 1978
9. Air Chief Marshal IH Latif 01 Sep 1978 - 30 Aug 1981
10. Air Chief Marshal Dilbagh Singh 01 Sep 1981 - 03 Sep 1984
11. Air Chief Marshal L M Katre 03 Sep 1984 - 01 Jul 1985
12. Air Chief Marshal Denis La Fontaine 03 Jul 1985 - 31 Jul 1988
13. Air Chief Marshal Surinder Mehra 01 Aug 1988 - 31 Jul 1991
14. Air Chief Marshal NC Suri 31 Jul 1991 - 31 Jul 1993
15. Air Chief Marshal SK Kaul 01 Aug 1993 - 31 Dec 1995
16. Air Chief Marshal Satish Sareen 31 Dec 1995 - 31 Dec 1998
17. Air Chief Marshal AY Tipnis 31 Dec 1998 - 31 Dec 2001
18. Air Chief Marshal S Krishnaswamy 31 Dec 2001 - 31 Dec 2004
19. Air Chief Marshal SP Tyagi 31 Dec 2004 - 31 Mar 2007
20. Air Chief Marshal Fali Homi Major 31 Mar 2007 - 31 May 2009
21. Air Chief Marshal PV Naik 31 May 2009 - 31 Jul 2011
22. Air Chief Marshal Norman AK Browne 31 Jul 2011 - 31 Dec 2013
23. Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha 31 Dec 2013 - 31 Dec 2016
24. Air Chief Marshal BS Dhanoa 31 Dec 2016 - 30 Sep 2019
25. Air Chief Marshal RKS Bhadauria 30 Sep 2019 - Till Date
Complete List of First in India
34. Bharat Ratna: Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, C.
Awards and Titles Rajagopalachari, and C. V. Raman in 1954
35. Padma Vibhushan: Satyendra Nath Bose, Nand Lal
1. First Indian Mr. Universe: Monotosh Roy in 1952 Bose, Zakir Hussain, Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher,
2. First Indian Miss World: Reita Faria in 1966; also the Jigme Dorji Wangchuk, V. K. Krishna Menon in 1954
first Asian to win the title 36. Param Vir Chakra: Major Somnath Sharma
3. First Indian Miss Asia Pacific: Zeenat Aman in 1970 37. Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters: Mrinal
4. First Indian International Teen Princess: Radha Sen
Bartake in 1974 38. Chevalier of the Order of Arts and Letters: Sivaji
5. First Indian to win Miss Teenages Intercontinental: Ganesan
Elizabeth Anita Reddi in 1978 39. Dadasaheb Phalke Award: Devika Rani in 1969
6. First Indian Miss World Amber: Mala Rai Singani in 40. Ashoka Chakra Award to a civilian: D.K. Jatar
1978 (posthumous) and M.C Dixit, captain and co-captain
7. First Indian to win World Miss University: respectively, of the sabotaged plane Kashmir
Priyadarshini Pradhan in 1989 Princess, for "most conspicuous bravery, daring and
8. First Indian Miss Universe: Sushmita Sen in 1994 self-sacrifice"
9. Miss India Worldwide: Karminder Kaur Virk in 1994 41. Magsaysay Award: Vinoba Bhave, 1958
10. Miss Intercontinental: Lara Dutta in 1997 42. Stalin Peace Prize (now known as Lenin Peace Prize)
11. Mr. International: Aryan Vaid in 2000 in 1952: Saifuddin Kitchlew
12. Manhunt International: Rajeev Singh in 2001 43. Oscar for Lifetime Achievement: Satyajit Ray
13. Miss Tourism International: Candice Pinto in 2001 44. Nishan-e-Pakistan: Morarji Desai, 1990
14. Mrs. World: Aditi Gowitrikar in 2001
15. Miss Tourism Queen International: Zabina Abdul
Rashid Khan in 2004
Nobel Prize
16. Miss World Tourism: Sonal Chauhan in 2005. 1. 1913: Literature: Rabindranath Tagore; also the first
17. Best Model of the World: Siddharth Shukla in 2005 Asian to win the prize
18. Miss Tourism: Priyanka Shah in 2007 2. 1930: Physics: Sir C. V. Raman; first Asian and first
19. Miss Earth: Nicole Faria in 2010 non-white person to win Science nobel prize.
20. Miss Asia Pacific World: Himangini Singh Yadu in 3. 1979: Peace: Mother Teresa; Indian citizen of
2012 Albanian origin
21. Mister United Nations: Rahul Vyas in 2013 4. 1998: Economics: Amartya Sen: First Indian for
22. Miss Supranational: Asha Bhat in 2014 Economics
23. Miss Universal Peace and Humanity: Ruhi Singh in 5. 2014: Peace: Kailash Sathyarthi; first Indian-born
2014 recipient in Peace category
24. Miss Tourism International (China version): Parul
Bindal in 2014 Oscar
25. First Indian to win Ms United Nations: Amiiee
(Amisha) Chaudhary Verma in 2017 1. 1982: Bhanu Athaiya for Costume Design
26. Mrs United Nations Classic: Neepa Singh in 2017 2. 1992: Satyajit Ray, Honorary Oscar
27. Mrs United Nations: Roshni Hassan in 2017 3. 2009: A. R. Rahman for Best Original Song, Best
28. First Indian to win any literary award (the Newbery Original Score
Medal) in the United States, in 1927 for Gay Neck, the 4. 2009: Resul Pookutty for Sound Mixing
Story of a Pigeon: Dhan Gopal Mukerji 5. 2009: Gulzar for Best Original Song
29. Mister World: Rohit Khandelwal; first Asian to win
Mister World Architecture
30. First ever Miss World to win Beauty with a Purpose
award: Manushi Chhillar. 1. First dam in India: Kallanai Dam, one of the world's
31. Nirad C. Chaudhuri: first Indian to win a major non- oldest, still in use; build across the Kaveri river in
fiction award, the Duff Cooper Prize in the United Thiruchirapalli District in the state of Tamil Nadu in
Kingdom, in 1966 for The Continent of Circe South India. originally constructed by the Chola king
32. Man Booker Prize: Arundhati Roy for her novel The Karikala Cholan around the 2nd century BC
God of Small Things in 1997 2. First Stepwell still existing: Mata Bhavani's Stepwell,
33. Bhaswati Bhattacharya was the first Indian to speak built in the 11th century in Gujarat
as orator at Harvard University, in the commence- 3. First temple constructed from a single rock, still
ment exercises in 1993. standing: Kailasa temple, Ellora, built in 744 CE by
Rashtrakuta king Krishna I
4. First temple in Kalinga architecture still standing: 2. Person to fly in a balloon and land in a parachute:
Konark Sun Temple,Puri, Odisha, built in 1255 AD Shibnath Majumdar
5. First temple with many interconnected structures still 3. Person to reach the South Pole: Colonel Jatinder
standing: Brihadeeswarar Temple, Tanjore, Tamil Kumar Bajaj
Nadu, built in 1002 AD 4. Person (Man) to scale Mount Everest: H.P.S.
6. First true dome: Alai Darwaza, Qutb complex, Delhi, Ahluwalia
built in 1311 CE, by first Khalji Sultan of Delhi, Ala-ud- 5. Woman to scale Mount Everest: Bachendri Pal on 23
din Khalji May 1984; the 5th woman in the world to scale the
7. First true arch: Balban's tomb, Mehrauli peak
Archeological Park, Delhi, built c. 1287 CE, by Ghiyas 6. Woman to reach South Pole: Reena Kaushal
ud din Balban of Mamluk dynasty Dharmshaktu
8. First garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent, also 7. Person to reach the North Pole: Jagannathan
the first with Persian double-dome: Humayun's Tomb, Srinivasaraghavan on 23 April 1985.
Delhi, built 1562–1571 CE 8. Person to have walked across Gobi desert: Sucheta
9. First church in India: St. Thomas Church, Palayoor Kadethankar
Built in 52 AD under leadership of St. Thomas the 9. Youngest person in the world to climb Everest:
Apostle its a Mix of Persian and Kerala architecture Malavath Purna on 25 May 2014 at the age of 13
10. First mosque in India: Cheraman Juma Mosque in
Methala, Kodungallur Taluk, Thrissur District of Film, TV and entertainment
Kerala, Built in 629 AD. 1. 1896: First film to be exhibited in India: on 7 July, with
the Lumiere Brothers' Cinematography, unveiling six
Defence (in the Republic of India) silent short films at the Watson's Hotel in Bombay:
Entry of Cinematographe, The Sea Bath, Arrival of a
1. First Prime Minister of Indian Republic: Pandit Train, A Demolition, Ladies & Soldiers on Wheels and
Jawaharlal Nehru Leaving the Factory
2. First Vice President of Indian Republic: Dr. Sarvepalli 2. 1902: Music record was recorded by Gauhar Jaan
Radhakrishnan singing a khayal in Raag Jogiya, recorded on 2
3. Defence Minister of India: Baldev Singh November, by Fred Gaisberg, assistant to Emile
4. Commander-in-Chief of Free India: Kodandera Berliner, the father of the gramophone record.
Madappa Cariappa 3. 1913: Silent film to be made in India: Raja
5. Indian Commander-in-Chief of Free India: General Harishchandra, by Dadasaheb Phalke and released
Kodandera Madappa Cariappa,1949 on 3 May.
6. Chief of Air Staff : Subroto Mukerjee 4. 1913: Actress of Indian cinema: Durgabai Kamat in
7. Chief of Army Staff: Rajendrasinhji Jadeja Mohini Bhasmasur, released in November, second
8. Commander-in-Chief, IAF: Subroto Mukerjee movie of Phalke
9. Chief of Naval Staff: Sir Charles Thomas Mark Pizey 5. 1931: Sound film: Alam Ara directed by Ardeshir Irani
10. First Indian (pre-Independence) flying ace: Indra Lal 6. 1937: Government award for films: Bengal Film
Roy Journalists' Association Awards
11. India's first military helicopter pilot: Air Commodore 7. 1937: Colour film: Kisan Kanya, directed by Moti B.
Sudhindra Kumar Majumdar Gidvani
12. Cosmonaut: Sqn Ldr Rakesh Sharma, 1984 8. 1946: Palme d'Or at 1946 Cannes Film Festival:
13. Field Marshal: Sam Manekshaw (S.H.F Manekshaw), Neecha Nagar, directed by Chetan Anand
1973 9. 1954: National Film Award for cinema: Shyamchi Aai
14. First female Jawan in the Army: Sapper Shanti Tigga 10. 1955: Film to attract International critical attention:
lp Pather Panchali
15. First Param Vir Chakra winner: Major Som Nath 11. 1957: Oscar nomination for Best Foreign Language
Sharma Film: Mother India
16. First woman in the Indian Army to receive the coveted 12. 1959: Film to be banned: Neel Akasher Neechey,
‘Sword of Honour' prize: Divya Ajith Kumar directed by Mrinal Sen
17. First Indian woman to fly fighter aircraft solo: IAF 13. 1959: Cinemascope film: Kaagaz Ke Phool, directed
Officer Avani Chaturvedi by Gurudutt
14. 1960: First actor to win an international film award (
Exploration Afro Asian film awards ceremony) : Sivaji Ganesan
1. Person to ride alone around the world on motorcycle: for Veerapandia Kattabomman.
Bharadwaj Dayala
15. 1964: Guinness Book of World Records in the 8. Prime Minister: Jawaharlal Nehru (1947–64); India
category "Fewest actors in a narrative film": Yaadein held its first constitutional elections in 1952 after
directed and acted by Sunil Dutt which he was re-elected
16. 1967: 70 mm film: Hindi film Around the World 9. Deputy Prime Minister: Vallabhbhai Patel (1947–50)
17. 1969: Dadasaheb Phalke Award recipient: Devika 10. Law Minister of India: B. R. Ambedkar
Rani 11. Leader of Opposition: A. K. Gopalan
18. 1982: Oscar winner: Bhanu Athaiya for Best Costume 12. Prime Minister to be voted out of office: Indira Gandhi
Design for the film Gandhi (1977), when the Indian National Congress lost to the
19. 1984: 3-D film: My Dear Kuttichathan, a Malayalam Janata Party
film, produced in 1984, dubbed in Hindi as Chhota 13. Non-Congress government: Janata Party, with Morarji
Chetan Desai as the Prime Minister (1977–1980)
20. 1984: Sponsored TV serial: Hum Log, started on 7 14. Non-Congress State government with Majority by a
July, was also the first soap opera of India, ran for single party: E. M. S. Namboodiripad of CPI, Kerala
156 episodes 1957
21. 1985: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Order of Arts and 15. Prime Minister to lead a minority government for a full
Letters) – Director: Mrinal Sen term (five years): P. V. Narasimha Rao, 21 June 1991 –
22. 1987: First film to shoot underwater - Kannada movie 16 May 1996
Ondu Muttina Kathe, was the first Indian movie to be 16. Person outside the Nehru-Gandhi family to serve as
shot under water in Maldives Prime Minister for a full term (five years): P. V.
23. 1992: Oscar for Lifetime Achievement: Satyajit Ray Narasimha Rao, 21 June 1991 – 16 May 1996
24. 1992: Indian filmmaker to get Bharat Ratna: Satyajit 17. Non Congress Prime Minister to serve a full term: Atal
Ray Bihari Vajpayee
25. 1995: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Order of Arts and 18. Prime Minister from South India: P. V. Narasimha
Letters) – Actor: Sivaji Ganesan Rao, 1991, H.D.Deve Gowda
26. 2004: Colorized film: Mughal-e-Azam in 2004 (the 19. The first Viceroy of India: Lord Canning, 1858
original black-and-white version was released in 20. Governor-General of India: Warren Hastings, 1773
1960) 21. Governor-General of Independent India: Lord
27. 2004: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Order of Arts and Mountbatten, 1947
Letters) – Actress: Sharmila Tagore 22. Indian Governor-General of Indian Union: C
28. 2006: Film screened at the United Nations: Lage Raho Rajagopalachari, 1948
Munna Bhai, on 10 November, directed by Rajkumar 23. Chief Justice of India: H. J. Kania (1947–51)
Hirani 24. First Sikh Prime Minister: Manmohan Singh (2004–14)
29. 2008: Actor to enact most roles (10): Kamal Haasan in 25. First Muslim President: Zakir Hussain (1967–69)
Dasavathaaram 26. First Sikh President: Giani Zail Singh
30. 2009: Music director to win an Oscar and first double 27. Indian ICS Officer: Satyendranath Tagore, 1863
Oscar winner: A. R. Rahman for Slumdog Millionaire 28. Speaker of Lok Sabha: G. V. Mavlankar (1952–56)
31. 2009: Actress to enact most roles (12): Priyanka 29. Finance Minister of Independent India: R. K.
Chopra in What's Your Raashee? Shanmukham Chetty (1947–49), for others see First
32. 2016: First Indian Editor who got recognized by Avid Nehru ministry
Editors : GA Gowtham 30. Presentation of the first budget after India's
Independence: R. K. Shanmukham Chetty on 26
Governance November 1947
1. First President of the Indian National Congress: 31. First Home Minister of India: Sardar Vallabh Bhai
Womesh Chandra Bannerjee, 1885 Patel
2. First President of the Indian National Congress of 32. First Indian President to die in Office: Zakir Hussain,
independent India: Acharya Kripalani, until November 3 May 1969
1947 33. First Chief Minister to die in Office: C. N. Annadurai,
3. President: Dr. Rajendra Prasad (1950–62) Tamil Nadu
4. The first Chief Election Commissioner: Sukumar Sen 34. First Indian Prime Minister to resign from office:
5. First Industries and Supplies Minister: Shyama Morarji Desai, 1979
Prasad Mukherjee 35. First Prime Minister born after India's independence:
6. First person to resign from the Central Cabinet: Narendra Modi, born 17 September 1950
Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
7. Vice-President: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Science
1. The first president of the inaugural session of the 25. 1975 – First PCM system commissioned between
Indian Science Congress: Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee in Mumbai City and Andheri telephone exchanges.
1914 26. 1976 – First digital microwave junction introduced.
2. Hydroelectric plant: Sidrapong near Darjeeling. 27. 1979 – First optical fibre system for local junction
commissioned in 1897, commissioned at Pune.
3. Place to get electricity: Darjeeling in 1897, followed 28. 1980 – First satellite earth station for domestic
by Calcutta (now Kolkata) in 1898 and Kolar Gold communications established at Secunderabad,
Fields in 1902. Telangana
4. Man in space: Rakesh Sharma aboard Soyuz T-11, on 29. 1983 – First analog Stored Program Control exchange
3 April 1984. He was the 138th man in space for trunk lines commissioned at Mumbai.
worldwide. 30. 1984 – First Underground Metro Railways System at
5. Woman in space: Kalpana Chawla aboard Space Calcutta.
Shuttle Columbia flight STS-87, on 19 November 31. 1984 – C-DOT established for indigenous
1997. She was a naturalized United States citizen, and development and production of digital exchanges.
represented the US during the event. 32. 1990 – First technology park in India, Technopark,
6. Test-tube baby: Durga Agarwal, born 1978 Trivandrum was launched
7. Scientific Expedition to Antarctica: 1981 33. 1995 – First mobile telephone service started on non-
8. Nuclear Reactor: Apsara, Mumbai, Maharashtra commercial basis on 15 August 1995 in Delhi.
9. First Genetically modified food product in India: Bt. 34. 2014 – First country to enter Mars' orbit on their first
Egg plant Hybrid (Bt. – Bacilius thuringiensis) attempt with successful launch of Mars Orbiter
10. Satellite: Aryabhata, launched on 19 April 1975 Mission (Mangalyaan)
11. Satellite dedicated exclusively for educational 35. 2015– First 3D printed humanoid robot in India at A-
services: EDUSAT SET Training & Research Institutes – Manav (robot)
12. Successfully indigenous launch vehicle: SLV-3
13. Prospective space tourist: Santhosh George
Kulangara, proposed in 2009 aboard Virgin Galactic Medical Science
14. Cloned animal: Bhass, sampura 1. First graduate in medicine: Surjo Kumar Chakraborty
15. In 1850, the first experimental electric telegraph line 2. First rhinoplasty noted in the world/India: Over Ksatji,
was started between Kolkata and Diamond Harbor. In a British soldier by a Kumhar Vaidya.
1851, it was opened for the use of the British East 3. First physician in India and second in the world to
India Company perform the In vitro fertilization: Subhash
16. 1854: Telegraph service opened to the Public Mukhopadhyay.
17. First telephone exchange: On 28 January 1882, Major 4. First in India to receive a fellowship of the
E. Baring, Member of the Governor General of India's International Federation for Emergency Medicine –
Council declared open the Telephone Exchanges in Dr. K. Hari Prasad
Calcutta, Bombay and Madras. The exchange in 5. First Indian to be appointed as the deputy director
Calcutta named the "Central Exchange", was opened general of programmes (DDP) of the World Health
at third floor of the building at 7, Council House Organization (WHO): Dr. Soumya Swaminathan
Street, with a total of 93 subscribers. Later that year,
Bombay also witnessed the opening of a telephone
exchange.
Sports
18. 1902 – First wireless telegraph station established 1. Indian to swim across the English Channel: Mihir
between Sagar Islands and Sandheads. Sen, 1958
19. 1907 – First central battery of telephones introduced 2. Woman to swim across the English Channel: Arati
in Kanpur. Saha, 1959
20. 1913–1914 – First automatic exchange installed in 3. Anju Bobby George: First Indian Athlete ever to win a
Shimla. Medal in World Championships in Athletics.She Won
21. 1927 – Radio-telegraph system between the UK and the Bronze Medal in Long Jump at the 2003 World
India, with Imperial Wireless Chain beam stations at Championships in Athletics in Paris.
Khadki and Daund. Inaugurated by Lord Irwin on 23 4. Formula One driver: Narain Karthikeyan
July by exchanging greetings with King George V. 5. Formula One team: Force India F1
22. 1933 – Radiotelephone system inaugurated between 6. A1 GP race victory: Narain Karthikeyan, Zhuhai,
the UK and India. China, 2007
23. 1953 – 12 channel carrier system introduced. 7. Person to equal world record in Archery: Limba Ram,
24. 1960 – First subscriber trunk dialing route 1992
commissioned between Lucknow and Kanpur.
8. Person to walk across the Mongolian Gobi Desert: 12. First Woman to Win an Olympic Silver Medal: P. V.
Sucheta Kadethankar who achieved the feat in 51 Sindhu in Badminton at the 2016 Summer Olympics
days, 11 hours and 40 minutes in 2011 13. First Woman to Win a Medal in Wrestling: Sakshi
9. Ashish Kumar, first Indian to win a medal in both Malik Bronze in the 2016 Summer Olympics
Asian games( 12 to 27 November November 2010, 14. First Indian Golfer : Aditi Ashok, 2016 Summer
Guangzhou(China)) and Commonwealth games Olympics
(Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010). He won 15. First Indian female gymnast ever to compete in the
Bronze medal in both games. Olympics: Dipa Karmakar at 2016 Summer Olympics
10. Shiva Keshavan, first Indian to win two gold medals
for India in winter sports at the Asia Cup in Japan in
2011 and 2012; also a four-time Olympian and has set
the new Asian speed record on ice at 134.3 km/h and Chess
track record of 49.590 seconds
1. Chess Grandmaster: Male – Viswanathan Anand,
11. Santhi Soundarajan: first World Peace Sports Festival
1988
Ambassador from India and first Indian woman to win
2. Chess Women Grandmaster: Female – Bhagyashree
a medal at Asian Games
Thipsay, 1986
12. Aanchal Thakur gives India its 1st international
3. Female – Koneru Humpy – 2002; also the youngest
bronze medal in skiing.
woman to become a grandmaster, at 15 years old.
13. Navjot Kaur became the first Indian woman wrestler
(Hou Yifan of China is the youngest woman to
to win an Asian gold medal.
become a grandmaster, at 14 years and 6 months.)
14. Vinesh Phogat became the first Indian woman
wrestler to win an Asian Games gold medal.
15. Saina Nehwal became the first Indian woman Football
badminton player to win an Asian Games medal. 1. First Indian footballer to play overseas: Mohammed
Salim
Olympics 2. First Indian football goalkeeper to play overseas:
Subrata Paul
1. Olympic Team Medal: Gold in Field Hockey at 1928
3. First footballer to be named the Indian footballer of
Summer Olympics, Amsterdam, beating Netherlands
the century (20th century): Pradip Kumar Banerjee
2. Individual Medal (in British India): Two Silver Medals
4. First Indian as well as an Asian to be declared best
by Norman Pritchard in 200 metres and 200 metres
captains in the world by English FA: Shailen Manna
Hurdles at the 1900 Summer Olympics, Paris (This is
5. First Indian to manage a Bundesliga football club:
disputed however. The IOC claims he participated for
Robin Dutt
India. The IAAF records him as a participant for Great
6. First Indian to be inducted in the AFC Hall of Fame:
Britain.)
Baichung Bhutia
3. Individual Medal: Bronze by K. D. Jadhav for
7. First Indian to score the fastest goals (third fastest in
Wrestling at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki
the world): I. M. Vijayan
4. Medal in Tennis: Leander Paes at the 1996 Summer
Olympics in Atlanta
5. Individual Medal Woman: Bronze by Karnam Tennis
Malleswari for Weightlifting 54 kg class, at the 2000 1. Grand Slam title: Mahesh Bhupathi (partnering with
Summer Olympics Sydney Japanese Rika Hiraki) in the mixed doubles category
6. Individual Gold Medal: Abhinav Bindra in the 10 m Air of the 1997 French Open
Rifle event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. 2. Woman to win a match in a Grand Slam event:
7. Individual Silver Medal (Independent India): Nirupama Vaidyanathan beat Italian Gloria Pizzichini
Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore in the Men's Double in the first round of the 1998 Australian Open
Trap event at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens 3. Woman to reach 4th round (highest as of 2009) of a
8. Medal in Boxing: Vijender Singh in the Beijing Grand Slam singles event: Sania Mirza in the singles
Olympics 2008 category of the 2005 US Open
9. Medal in Badminton: Saina Nehwal, Bronze in the 4. Woman to win a Grand Slam title: Sania Mirza
London Olympics 2012 (partnering with Mahesh Bhupathi) in the mixed
10. Back to Back Medal: Sushil Kumar, Bronze in the doubles category of the 2009 Australian Open
Beijing Olympics 2008 and Silver in the London 5. Grand Slam junior title: Ramanathan Krishnan in the
Olympics 2012 singles category of the 1954 Wimbledon
11. Medal in Boxing Women: MC Mary Kom, Bronze in Championship
the London Olympics 2012
6. Grand Slam junior title by a woman: Sania Mirza 18. Hat-trick in an ODI: Chetan Sharma against New
(partnering with Russian Alisa Kleybanova) in the Zealand in 1987.
doubles category of the 2003 Wimbledon 19. Hat trick in test cricket: Harbhajan Singh against
Championships Australia in 2001 at Kolkata.
7. Yuki Bhambri became the first Indian to win the 20. First World Cup Runners up captain: Sourav Ganguly
singles in the Junior Australian Open, when he (2003)
defeated the Greek Alexandros-Ferdinandos 21. World Cup: At the 1983 World Cup when India beat
Georgoudas in the final 6–3, 6–1 in the finals in 2009. West Indies in the finals, under the captaincy of Kapil
8. Sania Mirza became the first Indian to reach No. 1 Dev
doubles WTA ranking. 22. Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in Tests: Sunil
Gavaskar (first in the world to achieve this feat)
23. Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in ODIs: Sachin
Tendulkar (first in the world to achieve this feat)
Cricket 24. Winner of the first T20 World Cup: India (in 2007)
against Pakistan
1. First cricket club in India: Calcutta Cricket and
25. Cricketer to score 100 centuries in Test and ODIs
Football Club (1792) in Calcutta (now Kolkata)
combined: Sachin Tendulkar (he was the first in the
2. First test match played in India: India vs England in
World to achieve this feat)
Eden Gardens, Calcutta (result draw) (5–8 Jan 1934)
26. First bowler to take all 10 wickets in an innings: Anil
3. First Indian captain and the third in history to have
Kumble (against Pakistan)
led his team to victory after being enforced to follow
27. First batsman to score 50 centuries in Test cricket:
on, against Steve Waugh's Australia in 2001–02:
Sachin Tendulkar
Sourav Ganguly
28. First woman to score a double hundred in Test
4. First cricket stadium: Eden Gardens in Kolkata
cricket: Mithali Raj (214* against New Zealand at
5. First test victory: against England At Madras
Wellington, 2004); first in the world to achieve this
6. Cricket tournament: the Bombay Triangular (1905–
feat
1911) which later became the Bombay Quadrangular
29. First Indian to score a T20 century: Suresh Raina
(1912–1936)
(India vs South Africa)
7. First Indian captain to win more than 21 test matches
30. Six sixes in an Over: Yuvraj Singh in a T20 match vs
as a captain: Mahendra Singh Dhoni
England
8. Test match: against England at Lord's, 25 June 1932
31. First nation to win a World Cup Finale on its home
9. Captain in tests: C. K. Nayudu for the 1932 tour of
ground: India (ICC 2011 Cricket World Cup) final held
England.
at Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai
10. ODI captain: Ajit Wadekar
32. Fastest fifty in a T20I: 50 runs off 12 balls by Yuvraj
11. Cricketer to score a century in a test match: Lala
Singh (vs England in the Inaugural World T20
Amarnath, 118 against England in December 1933 at
Championship held in South Africa, 2007)
Bombay Gymkhana grounds.
12. First Indian to score the highest runs in a World Cup:
Sourav Ganguly 183 runs vs Sri Lanka in 1999 World Women in general
Cup Cricket. 1. First female Monarch in India: Prabhavatigupta (385-
13. Cricketer to score a double century in a test match: 405) of Vakataka dynasty
Polly Umrigar, 223 against New Zealand at Hyderabad 2. First women's court in India: Malda, West Bengal
in 1955–56 3. Graduates: Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi
14. Cricketer to score a triple century in a test match: Basu, 1883
Virender Sehwag, 309 against Pakistan in Multan in 4. The first woman honours graduate: Kamini Roy, 1886
2004. 5. Head of an undergraduate academic institution:
15. Indian to score an ODI century: Kapil Dev, 175* Chandramukhi Basu, 1888
against Zimbabwe in the 1983 Cricket World Cup. 6. Honours graduate: Kamini Roy (1886)
16. Indian to score an ODI double century is Sachin 7. Pilot a locomotive engine (train driver): Surekha
Tendulkar, 200* against South Africa at Gwalior, 24 Yadav
February 2010 (he was the first in the World to 8. Chairperson of State Bank of India: Arundhati
achieve this feat). Bhattacharya
17. Indian to score three ODI double centuries and the 9. Court martialled: Anjali Gupta in 2005
highest individual runs in ODI is Rohit Sharma, 264 10. Lawyer: Cornelia Sorabjee (1892), also the first female
against Sri Lanka in 2014. graduate from Bombay University, and the first
woman in the world to read law at Oxford
11. Muskan Sethi, 2015 India's first female Professional 45. First woman appointed as the United Nations Civil
Poker Player Police adviser: Kiran Bedi (2003)
12. Photojournalist: Homai Vyarawalla (1913) 46. First woman boxer (in world too) to win a medal in all
13. Doctorate of Science: Asima Chatterjee (1944) six World championships: Mary Kom
14. Chief Justice of a High Court (Himachal Pradesh): 47. First and the only Indian golfer to participate in Asian
Leila Seth, 1991 Youth Games (2013), Youth Olympic Games (2014),
15. Air Vice Marshal: Padmavathy Bandopadhyay Asian Games (2014) and Olympic Games (2016): Aditi
16. Supreme Court judge: Justice M. Fathima Beevi Ashok
17. High Court Judge: Anna Chandy
18. Woman President of the United Nations General Women in Governance
Assembly: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, 1953 1. Indian National Congress President: Annie Besant
19. Physician: Kadambini Ganguly, 1886 2. President of India: Pratibha Patil, 2007
20. Airline Pilot: Durba Banerjee 3. Prime Minister of India: Indira Gandhi, 1966
21. Space: Kalpana Chawla aboard Space Shuttle 4. Speaker of the Lok Sabha: Meira Kumar
Columbia flight STS-87, on 19 November 1997. She 5. Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha: Margaret Alva
was a naturalized United States citizen, and 6. Secretary-General of the Rajya Sabha: V.S. Ramadevi
represented the US during the event. 7. Secretary-General of the Lok Sabha: Snehalata
22. Nobel Prize winner: Mother Teresa of calcutta in 1979 Shrivastava
(Albanian born Indian citizen) 8. IPS Officer Kiran Bedi
23. To cross English Channel: Aarti Saha 9. Cabinet Minister in India: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
24. Monarch of Delhi Sultanate: Razia Sultana (1205– 10. Minister in India: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
1240) of Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi) 11. Chief Minister: Sucheta Kriplani Uttar Pradesh
25. Minister in a government: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur in the 12. Governor: Sarojini Naidu (Governor of Uttar Pradesh,
Ministry of Health 1947–49)
26. Speaker of the Lok Sabha: Meira Kumar 13. Home Minister of a state: Sabitha Indra Reddy,
27. Asha Pande, first Indian woman to be the member of Andhra Pradesh
Legion of Honour 14. Finance Minister of State Government in India: Dr
28. Anjali Gopalan, first Tamil woman member of the Upinderjit Kaur, in Punjab Govt.
royal French Legion of Honour. 15. Director General of Police: Kanchan Chaudhary
29. Asian Games gold medal winner: Kamlijit Sandhu Bhattacharya
30. Climb Mount Everest: Bachendri Pal, 1984 16. Railway Minister of India: Mamata Banerjee
31. Chess Grandmaster: Koneru Humpy, 2002. She was 17. Fully blind IFS officer: Beno Zephine N L
also the youngest woman in the world to become a 18. To join IFS, to be a diplomat, to become the
grandmaster, at 15 years old. ambassador/High commissioner (also sued the Indian
32. To win 1st round match in a Grand Slam event: government for gender bias): C. B. Muthamma.
Nirupama Vaidyanathan beat Italian Gloria Pizzichini 19. IPS officer, Assam: Yamin Hazarika
in the first round of the 1998 Australian Open 20. IPS officer, Sikkim: Aparajita Rai
33. To reach 4th round (highest as of 2008) of a Grand 21. IPS officer, Maharashtra: Meera Borvankar
Slam event: Sania Mirza in the Singles category of the
2005 US Open.
34. Grand Slam junior title: Sania Mirza (partnering with
States
Russian Alisa Kleybanova) in the doubles category of 1. achieve 100% primary education – Kerala 2016
the 2003 Wimbledon Championships. 2. become a fully organic state – Sikkim 2016
35. Paris Brest Paris Cycling Event: Divya Tate (44): 3. unveil retail policy – Andhra Pradesh 2016
August 2011 4. complete 100% online electoral enrollment – Kerala
36. Pilot (Indian Air Force): Harita Kaur Deol 5. e-auction limestone blocks – Jharkhand 2016
37. Pilot (aircraft): Sarla Thakral 6. build first gender park – Kerala 2016
38. To Cross Gobi Desert: Sucheta Kadethankar (33): 7. become a 'complete digital state' – Kerala 2016
2011 8. World's Largest Community Kitchen (Golden Temple)
39. Reach the final of an Olympic event: P. T. Usha –Amritsar
40. IAS officer:Isha Basant Joshi
41. Youngest Ultramarathoner to run a 100-mile race Places
(Himalayas) 1. First Wi-Fi Jetty in India:- Mandwa Jetty, Alibaug-
42. Magasasay Award: Mother Teresa Maharashtra launched by 'SmartAd Solutions &
43. Bus driver at Delhi Transport Corporation: Sarita Services LLP'
44. Managing director of LIC of India : Usha Sangwan 2. First partition of Indian state: Bengal
3. First road which is a connected to a Wi-Fi zone: 13. First woman to drive a railway train in India: Surekha
Rajarhat (connecting Rajarhat Main Arterial Road to Yadav
the airport to Sector V in the city of Kolkata with 10.5 14. First female auto-rickshaw driver – Shila Dawre;
km) Pune, 1988
4. District to achieve a 100% literacy rate: Ernakulam 15. First motor taxi: Mumbai, 1911
district, Kerala, 1990. Pothanicad in Ernakulam 16. First large scale import of motor cars: relatively large
district is the first panchayath in India that achieved contingent of motorcars imported for the Delhi Darbar
100% literacy. held in 1911 to mark the arrival of King George V
5. City/town to achieve a 100% literacy rate: Kottayam, 17. First registration scheme for motor vehicles in India:
Kerala, 1989 1912
6. District to achieve a 100% literacy rate and lowest 18. Arrival of mass production technology makes the
population growth rate: Pathanamthitta district, Automobile a practical means of transport by the
Kerala 1920s and most British officers had cars
7. District to be polio-free: Pathanamthitta district, 19. First assembly of motor cars: General Motors sets up
Kerala the first assembly unit to assemble cars from
8. District to become tobacco-free: Kottayam district, imported parts in 1928. The National Series AB sedan
Kerala, 27 September 2008 is produced.
9. District to become India's 'total electrified district': 20. First manufacture of motor cars: Hindustan Motors
Palakkad, Kerala, 2011 begins production of cars in 1942. Premier
10. City to have an e-court: Ahmedabad, 8 February 2009 automobiles and Standard Motors setup. Technology
11. City to ranked as the No.1 Indian city for ‘quality of stagnates as a result of economic autarky as India is
life’ – Chennai, Tamil Nadu isolated from the rest of the world
12. India's first Wi-Fi city: Kolkata 21. First act leading to liberalization of the Auto sector:
Maruti 800 launched in 1983 and the automotive
Transport industry is progressively liberalized
1. First City to get India's first underwater Metro which 22. First fully indigenous passenger car developed in
is below the flowing Hooghly River : Kolkata Metro at India: Tata Indica, launched in 1998
Kolkata 23. First expressway: Mumbai - Pune Expressway in
2. First (Metro) rail to become zone of Indian Railways: 2000,
Kolkata Metro as the (17Th Zonal Headquarter) (30 24. First major acquisition of a foreign company by an
December 2010) Indian company: Tata Motors acquires Jaguar and
3. First and the only Indian (Metro) rail under Indian Land Rover in 2007. Mahindra Automotive emerges
Railways: Kolkata Metro as the top bidder for SsangYong Motor Company in
4. First passenger train: between Mumbai and Thane on 2010.
16 April 1853 25. First aeroplane in India: Maharaja of Patiala, 1910
5. First suburban railway line: Mumbai Suburban 26. Domestic commercial aviation is born in India in 1911
Railway in 1857 when on 18 February, Henri Piquet, flying a Humber
6. First rapid transit (Metro) rail: Kolkata Metro in 1984 biplane, carries mail from Allahabad to Naini
7. First motorcar: in 1897, Mr Forster of Crompton Junction, some six miles away.
Greaves 27. 1927: India's first airline, Imperial Airways, extends its
8. First motorcar in regular use: Francis Spring, Empire Routes to India, connecting India with the
Chennai in 1901 outside world for the first time through an air
9. First Indians to own a motorcar: Jamsetji Tata, with network. A de Havilland Hercules flies the Cairo-
Parsi lawyer Rustom Cama, in 1901 Basra-Karachi-Jodhpur-Delhi route. It is also the first
10. First competitive event: Delhi – Bombay trials in 1905 domestic passenger flight to be operated in India.
at the behest of Lord Curzon and otor Union of Passengers could be for the first time fly from
Western India to test the suitability of the Automobile Karachi to Jodhpur and to Delhi on Imperial Airways.
for Indian roads and to facilitate interaction between 28. On 10 February 1929, J. R. D. Tata is awarded India's
the fledging Automobile Industry and prospective first pilot licence, Pilot Licence No.1 by Federation
Indian clients Aeronotique International signed by Sir Victor
11. Oldest surviving and running cars in India: De Dion Sasoon on behalf of the Aero Club of India and
Bouton 1904, Rover 1905 Burma.
12. First woman to drive a car in India: Eshan Ulla Robet, 29. 1932: Urmila K Parikh becomes the first woman to get
RD Tata 1905 a pilot licence when she is given a licence by the
Aero Club of India and Burma.
30. 1932: J. R. D. Tata launches India's first scheduled
airline, Tata Airlines, by piloting the first flight himself
from Karachi to Bombay via Ahmedabad on a single-
engine Puss Moth with a load of airmail.
31. 2009: India's first electric motorcycle
Literature and media
1. Newspaper: Hicky's Bengal Gazette started in 1780.
2. Hindi newspaper: Udant Martand on 30 May 1826;
published and edited by Jugal Kishore Shukla from
Calcutta.
3. Hindi monthly magazine: Saraswati on 1 January
1900, started by Chintamani Ghosh in Allahabad
4. Exclusive Internet magazine: Bharat Samachar
Others
1. The first Indian to cross English Channel: Mihir Sen
2. First practicing barrister of Indian origin: Monomohun
Ghose
3. First Indian as well as an Asian to be called to the bar
in England: Gnanendramohan Tagore
4. First post office opened in India: Kolkata (1727)
5. First telegraph message: on 5 November 1850,
between Calcutta (now Kolkata) and Diamond
Harbour, a distance of about 50 km.
6. Wax statue of a living Indian: Mahatma Gandhi at
Madame Tussaud's in 1939
7. Miss India to participate in Miss Universe: Indrani
Rahman in the Miss Universe 1952 Pageant at Long
Beach, California
8. India's first woman Merchant Navy Officer: Sonali
Banerjee
9. First woman teacher: Savitribai Phule
10. First woman doctor: Anandi Gopal Joshi
11. First Indian World No. 1 women's tennis sportsperson
(doubles): Sania Mirza
12. First Indian No. 1 women's badminton player: Saina
Nehwal
13. The first record holder in the field of development of
eco-innovation: Shripad Vaidya 13 June 2010; Vaidya
is the first Nagpurian to get two Limca records within
a year, as the first record holder in the field of
development of eco-innovation.
14. World's first hand written needle book: Madhushala
15. Writer of world's first hand written needle book
(Madhushala): Piyush Goel
16. First disabled friendly bank ATM: Union Bank of India
Important Question Answers and Notes on Indian Railways
Indian Railways is Asia's largest and the World's second largest
railway system under single management.
The biggest public sector undertaking and the largest single employed in
India : Indian Railways
Indian Railways is the second biggest electri ed railway system in the
World after Russia.
Indian Railways operate in three different gauges
Broad Guage (1676 metre width)
Metre Guage (1 metre width)
Narrow Guage (0.762 metre and 0.610 metre)
The rst train service in India : Bombay to Thane
The rst railway service was introduced in : 1853 April 16
The railway was introduced in India by : Lord Dalhousie
The rst electric train in India : Deccan Queen (was introduced in 1925
between Kalyan and Pune).
Indian Railways was nationalised in : 1951
Total Number of Railway zone is ; 17
Total Number of Railway divisions is : 67
In 1991, Indian Railways introduced the world's rst hospital on wheels to
provide medical aid in rural areas called : Life Line Express (Jeevan
Rekha)
-
The rst private train in India : Palace on Wheels
The luxurious train that services through the tourist centres of Rajasthan
Palance on Wheels
Mass Rapid Transit System was introduced in 1995 in : Chennai
Railway Staff College is at : Baroda
The online reservation system launched by the State Bank of India (SBI) :
e-Rail
Indian Railways has converted the number of trains into 5 digit from :
December 20, 2010
First railway station in India : Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus (Mumbai)
The railway station which got place in world Heritage site by UNESCO is :
Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus
Former name of Shivaji Terminus : Victoria Terminus Station
The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway is a narrow gauge railway in West
Bengal.
It was declared a world heritage site by UNESCO in 1999.
The Nilgiri Mountain Railway is a metre gauge railway in Nilgiri Hills in
Tamil Nadu.
UNESCO added the Nilgiri Mountain Railway as a World
heritage site : July 2005
The Kalka-Shimla Railway is a narrow gauge railway in the Shivalik
mountains in Himachal Pradesh
Indian Railway museum : Chanakyapuri (Delhi)
Highest railway station in India : Ghum Railway Station (Darjeeling)
World's longest railway platform : Gorakhpur Station (Uttar Pradesh
1350 meters)
The longest distance travelling train in India : Dibragarh Kanyakumari
Vivek Express
It joins Dibrugarh Town in Assam, North-East India to
Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu which is Southernmost tip of
mainland India. It travels distance of 4286 kms in 82:30 hrs
(almost 4 days)
The train passes through most number of states : Mangalapuram -
Jammu Tawi Navayug Express
The state in India which have no railway : Meghalaya
Computer Railway Reservation System was introduced by the Indian
Railways in 1988,
The World's working steam locomotive engine : Fairy Queen (Fairy
Queen runs in India for tourism promotion).
Indian Railways celebrated its 150th anniversary on : April 16 2002
The Mascot of Indian Railways : The elephant called Bholu which
represents the work of a guard
The largest Railway zone : Northern Railway
The headquarters of Indian Railways : Baroda House (New Delhi)
The Luxurious train that services through the tourist centres of
Maharashtra : Deccan Odyssey
The train that services through the tourist centres of Gujarat and
Rajasthan : Royal Orient train
Train connecting popular tourist destinations in Karnataka and Goa :
Golden Chariot
The latest most luxurious train in India : Maharajas (Mumbai - Delhi)
-
The luxury tourist train launched in January 2009 following the success of
Woke Morjim
the Palace on wheels : Royal Rajasthan on wheels
₹965
Passenger train service connecting New Delhi with other state capitals
introduced in 1969 : Rajdhani Express.
The train service started to commemorate the centenary of Pandit
Jawahar Lal Nehru's birthday in 1988 : Shatabdi Train
Learn more
Shatabdi Train was rst operated from New Delhi to Gwalior, later
Sandpiper Hotel @
extended to Jhansi and then nally to Bhopal.
Little India
The tourist train connecting historical Buddhist pilgrim sites : Buddha ₹2,380
Parikrama Express.
Budha Parikrama Express was introduced in : 1999
The train service connecting historical Sikh Pilgrim sites : Guru
Learn more
Parikarma Express
LetsBunk Poshtel
India's fastest train : Gatimaan Express between New Delhi and Agra (It
₹1,183
travels at a maximum speed of 160 per hour) introduced in June 2014.
Long distance non stop trains run by the Indian railways : Duronto
Express
India's slowest train : Nilgiri Express (speed 10km/hr)
Learn more
The AIDS/HIV awareness campaign train by the Indian Railway : Red
Ribbon Express
The train service that connects important historical and educational
Use code: IHSURPRISE40
places in various parts of the country : Janam Bhoomi Gaurav
The train service started to commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of LABELS
Swami Vivekananda : Vivek Express
Computer Current Affairs Download
Vivek Express runs between : D.Brugarh in Assam and
English General Knowledge
Kanyakumari
Geography Government Schemes
The train service started to commemorate the 100th birth anniversary of
Mother Theresa : Mother Express History Miscellaneous
The exhibition train service started to commemorate the 150th birth Model Papers Personalities
anniversary of Rabindra Nath Tagore : Sanskrit Express
Previous Question Paper Science
First superfast train in India : Delhi-Howrah Rajadhani Express
Study Material Syllabus
First Double Decker express train in India : Howrah - Dhanbad
Tips And Tricks Videos
First Ac Double Decker express in South India : Chennai - Bangalore
An education tourist train connecting important places related to
freedom movement : Azadi Express (introduced in 2014)
The train service introduced in railway budget 2014 to set up cabins
equipped with computers, printers, internet and refreshment in a few
coaches of selected trains : Of ce on Wheels
The service provided to train passengers to le FIR from any places
during or after travel Zero FIR.
The monthly magazine of Indian Railways : Indian Rail
Longest Rail Bridge in India : Vembanad Rail Bridge
It connects Edappally and Vallapadam in Kochi
The name given to Railways drinking water Project : Railneer
India;s longest railway tunnel : Pirpanjal tunnel in J&K (11 Kms)
The train that runs between Delhi (India) and Lahore (Pakistan) :
Samjhauta Express
The train connecting karachi (Pakistan) and Jodhpur (India) : Thar
Express
The train that connect India's Kolkata and Bangladesh Dhaka : Maitree
Express
-
It has been revived on April 14, 2008 after being closed for 43
years.
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) Headquarters :
New Delhi
IRTC was incorporated on September 27, 1999
It handles catering, tourism and online ticketing operation of the
railway.
The most expensive luxury train in the world : Maharaja Express
It is operated by IRCTC
It covers more than 12 destinations across North-West and
Central India.
Fourth Rail manufacturing factory will be set up in Palakkad, Kerala on a
Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode.
It would use Japanese Technology for the rst time in India to
roll out lighter coaches consuming less fuel.
First Railway Minister : John Mathai
First Women Railway Minister : Mamta Banerjee
First Woman Station Master in India : Rinku Sinha Roy
India's First woman passenger train driver : Surekha Yadav on Mumbai
Central Railway
The Konkan Railway, the 760 km rail system. It links Mangalore with
Roha in Maharashtra.
Konkan railway started functioning in : 1998 January 26
Konkan railway was built under the leadership of : E Sreedharan
E Sreedharan is popularly known as : Metro Man
First chairman and MD of Konkan railway : E Sreedharan
States through which Konkan railway pass : Maharashtra, Goa,
Karnataka
The service of Konkan railway where loaded trucks are directly carried by
railway wagons to their destination : RoRo (Roll on Roll off)
Headquarters of Konkan Railway : Belapur (Navi Mumbai)
First Metro Rail in India : Calcutta (opened 1984-85)
The Second Metro Rail system was built in : New Delhi (2002)
The Metro Known as Namma Metro : Bangalore Metro
Namma Metro was inaugurated on : October 20, 2011
Mumbai Metro Rail Project was stated in : June 8th 2014
India's rst Public Private Partnership (PPP) Metro Project (in which the
three phases. The Construction, Operation and Maintenance were given to
private players) : Mumbai Metro
The rst Metro train to be built in Inida : Movia
Metro railway in Kerala under construction : Kochi Metro (Aluva-
Pettah, Ernakulam)
The name of Kochi metro project : Komet
India's rst fully privately funded metro project : Gurgaon's Rapid
metro
It started functioning from : November 2013
The cities in Kerala proposed for the light metro project :
Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikode
First monorial in India : Mumbai
Mumbai monorail was started in : 2014 February 1
Kerala PSC - Awards and Instituted Years
SL Prize/Award/Medal Instituted First Recipient
01. Nobel Prize 1901 Frédéric Passy & Henry Dunant
02. Pulitzer Prize 1917 Jean Jules Jusserand
03. Oscar Award 1929 --
04. Sahitya Akademi Award (Mal) 1954 R Narayana Panikkar 1954
C. Rajagopalachari
05. Bharat Ratna 1954 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
C. V. Raman
Satyendra Nath Bose
Nandalal Bose
Zakir Husain
06. Padma Vibhushan 1954
Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher
V. K. Krishna Menon
Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
07. Padma Bhushan 1954 --
08. Padma Shri 1954 --
09. Grammy Award 1959 --
10. Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) 1960 --
11. Jnanpith Award 1961 G. Sankara Kurup
12. Arjuna Award 1961 --
13. Ati Vishist Seva Medal (AVSM) 1961 --
14. Ashoka Chakra 1967 --
15. Kirti Chakra 1967 --
16. Shaurya Chakra 1967 --
P. H. Newby
Barry England
17. Man Booker Prize 1969
Nicholas Mosley
Iris Murdoch
Muriel Spark
Gordon Williams
18. Saraswati Samman 1991 Harivanshrai Bachchan
19. Khel Ratna Award 1991-92 Viswanathan Anand
Bhalachandra Bhaskar Bhagwat
20. Dronacharya Award 1985 Om Prakash Bhardwaj
O. M. Nambiar
21. Mahatma Gandhi Peace Prize 1995 Julius K Nyerere
Shahuraj Birajdar
22. Dhayanchand Award 2002 Ashok Diwan
Aparna Ghosh
Chief Minister and Council of Ministers in Kerala
Name Designation
Pinarayi Vijayan Chief Minister
Minister for Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes an
A. K. Balan
Backward Classes, Law, Culture and Parliamentary Affairs
E. Chandrasekharan Minister for Revenue and Housing
K. T. Jaleel Minister for Local Self Governments, Welfare of Minorities,
Wakf and Haj Pilgrimage
Kadakampally Surendran Minister for Co-operation, Tourism and Devaswoms
M. M. Mani Minister for Electricity
Mathew T. Thomas Minister for Water Resources
Minister for Fisheries,
J. Mercykutty Amma
Harbour Engineering and Cashew Industry
A. C. Moideen Minister for Industries, Sports and Youth Affairs
Adv. K. Raju Minister for Forests, Animal Husbandry and Zoos
Ramachandran Minister for Ports, Museums,
Kadannappally Archaeology and Archives
T. P. Ramakrishnan Minister for Labour and Excise
Prof. C. Raveendranath Minister for Education
A. K. Saseendran Minister for Transport
K. K. Shailaja Teacher Minister for Health and Social Justice
G. Sudhakaran Minister for Public Works and Registration
Adv. V. S. Sunil Kumar Minister for Agriculture
P. Thilothaman Minister for Food and Civil Supplies
Dr. T. M. Thomas Isaac Minister for Finance and Coir
Indian Government Welfare Schemes
One Nation, One Ration Card
Stand Up India Loan Scheme
Gangajal Delivery Scheme
National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)
Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana
She Pad Scheme
National Pension Scheme (NPS)
Atal Pension Yojana
Atal Jan Ahar Yojna
Atal Bhujal Yojana
80 Important Question and Answers on Social Welfare Schemes
Kudumbashree
Deen Dayal SPARSH Yogana
Aajeevika Grameen Express Yojana
One Rank One Pension Scheme (OROP)
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA)
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
Pradhan Mantri Nai Manzil Yojana (PMNMY)
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)
Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana(PMFBY)
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)
Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Antyodaya Yojana
Pradhan mantri Ujjawala yojana
Make In India
Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushal Yojana
Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY)
Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana (VKY)
Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Yojana
Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Vidyanjali Yojana
Indian Railways Passenger Travel Insurance Scheme
smart Ganga City Project
List of Chief Ministers of Kerala
Name From To Part
E. M. S. Namboodiripad 05/04/1957 31/07/1959 CPI
President Rule 31/07/1959 22/02/1960
Pattom Thanupillai 22/02/1960 26/09/1962 Praja Socialist Party
R. Sankar 26/09/1962 10/09/1964 INC
President Rule 10/09/1964 06/03/1967
E. M. S. Namboodiripad 06/03/1967 01/11/1969 CPM
C. Achutha Menon 01/11/1969 01/08/1970 CPI
President Rule 01/08/1970 04/10/1970
C. Achutha Menon 04/10/1970 25/03/1977 CPI
K. Karunakaran 25/03/1977 25/04/1977 INC
A.K. Antony 27/04/1977 27/10/1978 INC
P. K. Vasudevan Nair 29/10/1978 07/10/1979 CPI
C. H. Mohammed Koya 12/10/1979 01/12/1979 MUL
President Rule 01/12/1979 25/01/1980
E. K. Nayanar 25/01/1980 20/10/1981 CPM
K. Karunakaran 29/12/1981 17/03/1982 INC
K. Karunakaran 24/05/1982 25/03/1987 INC
E. K. Nayanar 26/03/1987 17/06/1991 CPM
K. Karunakaran 24/06/1991 16/03/1995 INC
A.K. Antony 22/03/1995 09/05/1996 INC
E. K. Nayanar 20/05/1996 13/05/2001 CPM
A.K. Antony 17/05/2001 29/08/2004 INC
Oommen Chandy 31/08/2004 18/05/2006 INC
V.S. Achuthanandan 18/05/2006 14/05/2011 CPM
Oommen Chandy 18/05/2011 25/05/2016 INC
Pinarayi Vijayan 25/05/2016 Present CPM
List of Countries Capitals Currency
Country Capital Currency
Afghanistan Kabul Afghan Afghani
Albania Tirane Albanian Lek
Algeria Algiers Algerian Dinar
Andorra Andorra la Vella Euro
Angola Luanda Angolan Kwanza
Antigua and Saint John’s East Caribbean dollar
Barbuda
Argentina Buenos Aires Argentine Peso
Armenia Yerevan Armenian Dram
Australia Canberra Australian dollar
Austria Vienna Euro
Azerbaijan Baku Manat
Bahamas Nassau Bahamian dollar
Bahrain Manama Bahrain dinar
Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladeshi Taka
Barbados Bridgetown Barbados dollar
Belarus Minsk Belorussian ruble
Belgium Brussels Euro
Belize Belmopan Belize dollar
Benin Porto-Novo West African CFA Franc
Bhutan Thimphu Ngultrum, Indian rupee
Bolivia La Paz Bolivian boliviano
Bosnia and Sarajevo Marka
Herzegovina
Botswana Gaborone Botswana Pula
Brazil Brasilia Brazilian Real
Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei dollar
Bulgaria So a Bulgarian Lev
Burkina Faso Ouagadougou CFA Franc
Burundi Bujumbura Burundi franc
Cambodia Phnom Penh Cambodian Riel
Cameroon Yaounde CFA Franc
Canada Ottawa Canadian dollar
Cape Verde Praia Cape Verdean escudo
Central African Bangui CFA Franc
Republic
Chad N’Djamena CFA Franc
Chile Santiago Chilean Peso
China Beijing Yuan/Renminbi
Colombia Bogota Colombian Peso
Comoros Moroni Franc
Congo Brazzaville CFA Franc
Costa Rica San Jose Colón
Cote d’Ivoire Yamoussoukro CFA Franc
Croatia Zagreb Kuna
Cuba Havana Cuban Peso
Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus pound
Czech Republic Prague Koruna
Denmark Copenhagen Krone
Djibouti Djibouti Djibouti franc
Dominica Roseau East Caribbean dollar
Dominican Santo Domingo Dominican Peso
Republic
East Timor Dili U.S. dollar
(Timor-Leste)
Ecuador Quito U.S. dollar
Egypt Cairo Egyptian pound
El Salvador San Salvador Colón, U.S. dollar
Equatorial Guinea Malabo CFA Franc
Eritrea Asmara Nakfa
Estonia Tallinn Kroon
Ethiopia Addis Ababa Birr
Fiji Suva Fiji dollar
Finland Helsinki Euro
France Paris Euro
Gabon Libreville CFA Franc
Gambia Banjul Dalasi
Georgia Tbilisi Lari
Germany Berlin Euro
Ghana Accra Cedi
Greece Athens Euro (formerly drachma)
Grenada Saint George’s East Caribbean dollar
Guatemala Guatemala City Quetzal
Guinea-Bissau Bissau CFA Franc
Guyana Georgetown Guyanese dollar
Haiti Port-au-Prince Gourde
Honduras Tegucigalpa Lempira
Hungary Budapest Forint
Iceland Reykjavik Icelandic króna
India New Delhi Rupee
Indonesia Jakarta Rupiah
Iran Tehran Iranian Rial
Iraq Baghdad Iraqi Dinar
Ireland Dublin Euro (formerly Irish pound
[punt])
Israel Jerusalem* Israeli new Shekel
Italy Rome Euro (formerly lira)
Jamaica Kingston Jamaican dollar
Japan Tokyo Japanese Yen
Jordan Amman Jordanian dinar
Kazakhstan Astana Tenge
Kenya Nairobi Kenya shilling
Kiribati Tarawa Atoll Australian dollar
Korea, North Pyongyang Won
Korea, South Seoul Won
Kosovo Pristina Euro (German Mark prior
to 2002)
Kuwait Kuwait City Kuwaiti dinar
Kyrgyzstan Bishkek Som
Latvia Riga Lats
Lebanon Beirut Lebanese pound
Lesotho Maseru Maluti
Liberia Monrovia Liberian dollar
Libya Tripoli Libyan dinar
Liechtenstein Vaduz Swiss franc
Lithuania Vilnius Litas
Luxembourg Luxembourg Euro (formerly
Luxembourg franc)
Macedonia Skopje Denar
Madagascar Antananarivo Malagasy franc
Malawi Lilongwe Kwacha
Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Ringgit
Maldives Male Ru ya
Mali Bamako CFA Franc
Malta Valletta Maltese lira
Marshall Islands Majuro U.S. Dollar
Mauritania Nouakchott Ouguiya
Mauritius Port Louis Mauritian rupee
Mexico Mexico City Mexican peso
Moldova Chisinau Leu
Monaco Monaco Euro
Mongolia Ulaanbaatar Tugrik
Montenegro Podgorica Euro
Morocco Rabat Dirham
Mozambique Maputo Metical
Myanmar (Burma) Naypyidaw Kyat
Namibia Windhoek Namibian dollar
Nepal Kathmandu Nepalese rupee
Netherlands Amsterdam Euro
New Zealand Wellington New Zealand dollar
Nicaragua Managua Gold cordoba
Niger Niamey CFA Franc
Nigeria Abuja Naira
Norway Oslo Norwegian krone
Oman Muscat Omani rial
Pakistan Islamabad Pakistani rupee
Palau Melekeok U.S. dollar
Panama Panama City balboa; U.S. dollar
Papua New Guinea Port Moresby Kina
Paraguay Asuncion Guaraní
Peru Lima Nuevo sol
Philippines Manila Peso
Poland Warsaw Zloty
Portugal Lisbon Euro (formerly escudo)
Qatar Doha Qatari riyal
Romania Bucharest Leu
Russia Moscow Ruble
Rwanda Kigali Rwanda franc
San Marino San Marino Euro
Sao Tome and Sao Tome Dobra
Principe
Saudi Arabia Riyadh Riyal
Senegal Dakar CFA Franc
Serbia Belgrade Yugoslav dinar
Seychelles Victoria Seychelles rupee
Sierra Leone Freetown Leone
Singapore Singapore Singapore dollar
Slovakia Bratislava Koruna
Slovenian tolar; euro (as
Slovenia Ljubljana of 1/1/07)
Solomon Islands Honiara Solomon Islands dollar
Somalia Mogadishu Somali shilling
South Africa Cape Town Rand
South Sudan Juba Sudanese Pound
Spain Madrid Euro (formerly peseta)
Sri Lanka Colombo Sri Lankan rupee
Sudan Khartoum Sudanese pound
Suriname Paramaribo Surinamese dollar
Swazi lilangeni, South
Swaziland Lobamba, Mbabane African rand
Sweden Stockholm Swedish krona
Switzerland Bern Swiss franc
Syria Damascus Syrian pound
Taiwan Taipei New Taiwan dollar
Tajikistan Dushanbe Tajikistani somoni
Tanzania Dar es Salaam Tanzanian shilling
Thailand Bangkok Thai baht
Togo Lome CFA Franc
Tonga Nuku’alofa Pa’anga
Trinidad and Trinidad and Tobago
Tobago Port-of-Spain dollar
Tunisia Tunis Tunisian dinar
Turkey Ankara Turkish lira (YTL)
Turkmenistan Ashgabat Manat
Tuvalu Vaiaku village, Funafuti Australian dollar
province
Uganda Kampala Ugandan shilling
Ukraine Kyiv Ukrainian Hryvnia
United Arab
Emirates Abu Dhabi U.A.E. dirham
United Kingdom London Pound sterling
United States of Washington D.C. United states Dollar
America
Uruguay Montevideo Uruguay peso
Uzbekistan Tashkent Uzbekistani sum
Vanuatu Port-Vila Vatu
Vatican City Vatican City Euro
Venezuela Caracas Venezuelan bolívar
Yemen Sanaa Yemeni Rial
Zambia Lusaka Kwacha
Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwean dollar
List of IPL Records and Statistics
Most Runs Overall
Batsman Innings Runs Span
Virat Kohli (IND) 169 5412 2008–2019
Suresh Raina (IND) 189 5368 2008–2019
Rohit Sharma (IND) 183 4898 2008–2019
David Warner (AUS) 126 4706 2009–2019
Shikhar Dhawan (IND) 158 4579 2008–2019
Highest individual score
Batsman Runs Balls Season
Chris Gayle (WI) 175* 66 2013
Brendon McCullum (NZ) 158* 73 2008
AB de Villiers (SA) 133* 59 2015
AB de Villiers (SA) 129* 52 2016
Chris Gayle (WI) 128* 62 2012
Fastest centuries
Batsman Balls Season
Chris Gayle (WI) 30 2013
Yusuf Pathan (IND) 37 2010
David Miller (SA) 38 2013
Adam Gilchrist (AUS) 42 2008
AB de Villiers (SA) 43 2016
Fastest Fifties
Batsman Balls Season
KL Rahul (IND) 14 2018
Sunil Narine (WI) 15 2017
Yusuf Pathan (IND) 15 2014
Suresh Raina (IND) 16 2014
Hardik Pandya (IND) 17 2019
Ishan Kishan (IND) 17 2018
Sunil Narine (WI) 17 2018
Kieron Pollard (WI) 17 2016
Chris Morris (SA) 17 2016
Adam Gilchrist (AUS) 17 2009
Chris Gayle (WI) 17 2013
Most Wickets
Bowler Innings Wickets span
Lasith Malinga (SL) 122 170 2009-2019
Amit Mishra (IND) 147 157 2008-2019
Harbhajan Singh (IND) 157 150 2008-2017
Piyush Chawla (IND) 128 126 2008-2019
Dwayne Bravo (WI) 131 147 2008-2019
List of hat-tricks
No. Bowler Opposition Season
1. Lakshmipathy Balaji (IND) KXIP 2008
2. Amit Mishra (IND) DC 2008
3. Makhaya Ntini (SA) KKR 2008
4. Yuvraj Singh (IND) RCB 2009
5. Rohit Sharma (IND) MI 2009
6. Yuvraj Singh (IND) DC 2009
7. Praveen Kumar (IND) RR 2010
8. Amit Mishra (IND) KXIP 2011
9. Ajit Chandila (IND) PWI 2012
10. Sunil Narine (WI) KXIP 2013
11. Amit Mishra (IND) PWI 2013
12. Pravin Tambe (IND) KKR 2014
13. Shane Watson (AUS) SRH 2014
14. Axar Patel (IND) GL 2016
15. Samuel Badree (WI) MI 2017
16. Andrew Tye (AUS) RPS 2017
17. Jaydev Unadkat (IND) SRH 2017
18. Sam Curran (ENG) DC 2019
19. Shreyas Gopal (IND) RCB 2019
Results summary
Season Winner Runner-up Player of the Series
2008 Rajasthan Royals Chennai Super Kings Shane Watson (Aus)
2009 Deccan Chargers Royal Challengers Bangalore Adam Gilchrist (Aus)
2010 Chennai Super Kings Mumbai Indians Sachin Tendulkar (Ind)
2011 Chennai Super Kings Royal Challengers Bangalore Chris Gayle (WI)
2012 Kolkata Knight Riders Chennai Super Kings Sunil Narine (WI)
2013 Mumbai Indians Chennai Super Kings Shane Watson (Aus)
2014 Kolkata Knight Riders Kings XI Punjab Glenn Maxwell (Aus)
2015 Mumbai Indians Chennai Super Kings Andre Russell (WI)
2016 Sunrisers Hyderabad Royal Challengers Bangalore Virat Kohli (Ind)
2017 Mumbai Indians Rising Pune Supergiant Ben Stokes (Eng)
2018 Chennai Super Kings Sunrisers Hyderabad Sunil Narine (WI)
2019 Mumbai Indians Chennai Super Kings Andre Russell (WI)
Highest Totals
Score Team Opponent Season
263/5 Royal Challengers Bangalore Pune Warriors India 2013
248/3 Royal Challengers Bangalore Gujarat Lions 2016
246/5 Chennai Super Kings Rajasthan Royals 2010
245/1 Kolkata Knight Riders Kings XI Punjab 2018
240/5 Chennai Super Kings Kings XI Punjab 2008
Lowest Totals
Score Team Opponent Season
49 Royal Challengers Bangalore Kolkata Knight Riders 2017
58 Rajasthan Royals Royal Challengers Bangalore 2009
66 Delhi Daredevils Mumbai Indians 2017
67 Delhi Daredevils Kings XI Punjab 2017
67 Kolkata Knight Riders Mumbai Indians 2008
Highest successful run chases
Score Team Opponent Season
217/7 Rajasthan Royals Deccan Chargers 2008
214/3 Delhi Daredevils Gujarat Lions 2017
211/4 Kings XI Punjab Sunrisers Hyderabad 2014
208/5 Chennai Super Kings Royal Challengers Bangalore 2012
207/5 Chennai Super Kings Royal Challengers Bangalore 2018
206/4 Kings XI Punjab Chennai Super Kings 2014
List of Miss World Winners
List of Miss World Winners
Year Title Name Country
2019 Miss World Of 2019 Toni-Ann Singh Jamaica
2018 Miss World Of 2018 Vanessa Ponce Mexico
2017 Miss World Of 2017 Manushi Chhillar India
2016 Miss World Of 2016 Stephanie Del Valle Puerto Rico
2015 Miss World Of 2015 Mireia Lalaguna Spain
2014 Miss World Of 2014 Rolene Strauss South Africa
2013 Miss World Of 2013 Megan Young US
2012 Miss World Of 2012 Yu Wenxia China
2011 Miss World Of 2011 Ivian Sarcos Venezuela
2010 Miss World Of 2010 Alexandria Mills US
2009 Miss World Of 2009 Kaiane Aldorino Gibraltar
2008 Miss World Of 2008 Ksenia Sukhinova Russia
2007 Miss World Of 2007 Zhang Zilin China
2006 Miss World Of 2006 Taťána Kuchařová Czechoslovakia
2005 Miss World Of 2005 Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir Iceland
2004 Miss World Of 2004 María Julia Mantilla Peru
2003 Miss World Of 2003 Rosanna Davison Ireland
2002 Miss World Of 2002 Azra Akın Netherlands
2001 Miss World Of 2001 Agbani Darego Nigeria
2000 Miss World Of 2000 Priyanka Chopra India
1999 Miss World Of 1999 Yukta Mookhey India
1998 Miss World Of 1998 Linor Abargil Israel
1997 Miss World Of 1997 Diana Hayden India
1996 Miss World Of 1996 Irene Skliva Greece
1995 Miss World Of 1995 Jacqueline Aguilera Venezuela
1994 Miss World Of 1994 Aishwarya Rai India
1993 Miss World Of 1993 Lisa Hanna Jamaica
1992 Miss World Of 1992 Julia Kourotchkina Soviet Union
1991 Miss World Of 1991 Ninibeth Leal Venezuela
1990 Miss World Of 1990 Gina Tolleson US
1989 Miss World Of 1989 Aneta Kręglicka Poland
1988 Miss World Of 1988 Linda Pétursdóttir Iceland
1987 Miss World Of 1987 Ulla Weigerstorfer Austria
1986 Miss World Of 1986 Giselle Laronde Trinidad and Tobago
1985 Miss World Of 1985 Hólmfríður Karlsdóttir Iceland
1984 Miss World Of 1984 Astrid Carolina Herrera Venezuela
1983 Miss World Of 1983 Sarah-Jane Hutt Britain
1982 Miss World Of 1982 Mariasela Álvarez Dominican Republic
1981 Miss World Of 1981 Pilín León Venezuela
1980 Miss World Of 1980 Kimberley Santos US
1979 Miss World Of 1979 Gina Swainson Bermuda
1978 Miss World Of 1978 Silvana Suárez Argentina
1977 Miss World Of 1977 Mary Stävin Sweden
1976 Miss World Of 1976 Cindy Breakspeare Canada
1975 Miss World Of 1975 Wilnelia Merced Puerto Rico
1974 Miss World Of 1974 Anneline Kriel South Africa
1973 Miss World Of 1973 Marjorie Wallace Indiana
1972 Miss World Of 1972 Belinda Green Australia
1971 Miss World Of 1971 Lúcia Petterle Brazil
1970 Miss World Of 1970 Jennifer Hosten Grenada
1969 Miss World Of 1969 Eva Rueber-Staier Austria
1968 Miss World Of 1968 Penelope Plummer Australia
1967 Miss World Of 1967 Madeline Hartog-Bel Peru
1966 Miss World Of 1966 Reita Faria India
1965 Miss World Of 1965 Lesley Langley United Kingdom
1964 Miss World Of 1964 Ann Sidney England
1963 Miss World Of 1963 Carole Joan Crawford Jamaica
1962 Miss World Of 1962 Catharina Johanna Lodders Haarlem, Netherlands
1961 Miss World Of 1961 Rosemarie Frankland Wales
1960 Miss World Of 1960 Norma Gladys Cappagli Buenos Aires, Argentina
1959 Miss World Of 1959 Corine Rottschäfer Netherlands
1958 Miss World Of 1958 Penelope Anne Coelen Durban, South Africa
1957 Miss World Of 1957 Marita Lindahl Finland
1956 Miss World Of 1956 Petra Schürmann Germany
1955 Miss World Of 1955 Susana Duijm Venezuela
1954 Miss World Of 1954 Antigone Costanda Egypt
1953 Miss World Of 1953 Denise Perrier France
1952 Miss World Of 1952 May-Louise Flodin Sweden
1951 Miss World Of 1951 Kiki Håkansson Sweden
List of Presidents of India
Name Time Period Party
Rajendra Prasad 26/01/1950 - 13/05/1962 Indian National Congress
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 13/05/1962 - 13/05/1967 Independent
Zakir Hussain (Died in of ce) 13/05/1967 - 3/05/1969 Independent
Varahagiri Venkata Giri 24/08/1969 - 24/08/1974 Independent
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
(second president to die in of ce) 24-Aug-1974 - 11-Feb-1977 Indian National Congress
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 25/07/1977 - 25/07/1982 Janata Party
Giani Zail Singh 25/07/1982 - 25/07/1987 Indian National Congress
Ramaswamy Venkataraman 25/07/1987 - 25/07/1992 Indian National Congress
Shankar Dayal Sharma 25/07/1992 - 25/07/1997 Indian National Congress
Kocheril Raman Narayanan 25/07/1997 - 25/07/2002 Independent
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 25/07/2002 - 25/07/2007 Independent
Pratibha Patil 25/07/2007 - 25/07/2012 Indian National Congress
Pranab Mukherjee 25/07/2012 - 25/07/2017 Indian National Congress
Ram Nath Kovind 25/07/2017 to date NDA
List of Prime Ministers of India since independence
List of Prime Ministers of India since independence
Name Time Period Party
Jawahar Lal Nehru 15/08/1947 - 27/05/1964 Indian National Congress
Gulzarilal Nanda 27/05/1964 - 09/06/1964 Indian National Congress
Lal Bahadur Shastri 09/06/1964 - 11/01/1966 Indian National Congress
Gulzarilal Nanda 11/01/1966 - 24/01/1966 Indian National Congress
Indira Gandhi 24/01/1966 - 24/03/1977 Indian National Congress
Morarji Desai 24/03/1977 - 28/07/1979 Janata Party
Charan Singh 28/07/1979 - 14/01/1980 Janata Party
Indira Gandhi 14/01/1980 - 31/10/1984 Indian National Congress
Rajiv Gandhi 31/10/1984 - 02/12/1989 Indian National Congress(Indira)
Vishwanath Pratap Singh 02/12/1989 - 10/11/1990 Janata Dal
Chandra Shekhar 10/11/1990 - 21/06/1991 Samajwadi Janata Party
PV Narasimha Rao 21/06/1991 - 16/05/1996 Indian National Congress
Atal Bihari Vajpayee 16/05/1996 - 01/06/1996 Bharatiya Janata Party
HD Deve Gowda 01/06/1996 - 21/04/1997 Janata Dal
Inder Kumar Gujral 21/04/1997 - 19/03/1998 Janata Dal
Atal Bihari Vajpayee 19/03/1998 - 22/05/2004 Bharatiya Janata Party
Dr. Manmohan Singh 22/05/2004 - 26/05/2014 Indian National Congress
Narendra Modi 26/05/2014 to present Bharatiya Janata Party
List of Lakes in India
State Lakes
Kolleru Lake
Andhra Pradesh
Pulicat Lake
Chandubi Lake
Chapanala Lake
Assam
Ha ong Lake
Son Beel Lake
Bihar Kanwar Lake
Hamirsar Lake
Kankaria Lake
Lakhota Lake
Gujrat
Sursagar Lake
Thol Lake
Vastrapur Lake
Himachal Pradesh Brighu Lake
Dashair and Dhankar Lake
Kareri and Kumarwah lake
Khajjiar Lake
Macchial Lake
Manimahesh Lake
Nako Lake
Pandoh Lake
Prashar Lake
Renuka Lake
Rewalsar Lake
Seruvalsar and Manimahesh Lake
Badkhal Lake
Beauty lake
Blue Bird Lake
Brahma Sarovar
Haryana Current lake
Karna Lake
Sannihit Sarovar
Surajkund
Tilyar Lake
Dal Lake
Manasbal Lake
Mansar Lake
Jammu & Kashmir Pangong Tso
Sheshnag Lake
Tso Moriri
Wular Lake
Agara Lake
Bellandur Lake
Byrasandra Lake
Hebbal Lake
Kempambudhi Lake
Lalbagh Lake
Madiwala Lake
Puttenahalli Lake
Karnataka Sankey Lake
Ulsoor Lake
Dalavai Lake
Devanoor Lake
Karanji lake
Kukkarahalli lake
Lingambudhi Lake
Honnamana Kere
Pampa Sarovar
Kerala Ashtamudi Lake
Kuttanad Lake
Maanaanchira
Manakody
Padinjarechira
Paravur Kayal
y
Punnamada Lake
Shasthamkotta lake
Vadakkechira
Vanchikulam
Vellayani Lake
Vembanad Lake
Bhoj Wetland
Lower Lake
Moti lake
Madhya Pradesh Sarang pani lake
Shahpura lake
Tawa Reservoir
Upper Lake
Gorewada Lake
Khindsi Lake
Lonar Lake
Mehrun Lake
Pashan Lake
Powai Lake
Maharashtra
Rankala Lake
Salim Ali Lake
Shivasagar lake
Talao Pali
Upvan Lake
Venna Lake
Meghalaya Umiam Lake
Manipur Loktak Lake
Palak dïl
Mizoram
Tam Dil
Anshupa Lake
Orissa Chilika Lake
Kanjia lake
Harike Lake
Punjab Kanjli Lake
Ropar Lake
Rajasthan Ana Sagar Lake
Balsamand lake
Dhebar Lake
Jaisamand Lake
Jal Mahal, Man Sagar lake
Kaylana Lake
Nakki Lake
Pushkar Lake
Rajsamand Lake
Ramgarh Lake
Talwara Lake
Sambhar Salt Lake
Fateh Sagar Lake
Rangsagar lake
Uday sagar Lake
Gurudongmar Lake
Khecheopalri Lake
Sikkim
Lake Tsongmo
Lake Cholamu
Alwal Cheruvu Lake
Durgam Cheruvu (Secret Lake)
Himayat Sagar
Hussain Sagar
Telengana
Osman Sagar
Sa lguda Lake
Saroornagar Lake
Shamirpet Lake
Berijam Lake
Chembarambakkam Lake
Kaliveli Lake
Kaveripakkam Lake
Kodaikanal Lake
Tamil Nadu Ooty Lake
Perumal Eri
Red Hills Lake
Sholavaram Lake
Singanallur Lake
Veeranam Lake
Amakhera Lake
Barua Sagar Tal
Belasagar Lake
Bhadi Tal
Uttar Pradesh Chando Tal Lake
Keetham Lake
Nachan Tal
Ramgarh Tal Lake
Sheikha Jheel
Skeleton Lake (Roopkund Lake)
Bhimtal Lake
Dodital
Uttarakhand
Nainital Lake
Naukuchiatal
Sat Tal
West Bengal Debar Lake
East Calcutta Wetlands
Jore Pokhri
Mirik Lake
Rabindra Sarobar
Rasikbil
Santragachhi Lake
Senchal Lake
Notes on Banks and Financial Institutions
1. The Central Bank in India is the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
2. RBI came into existence on 1st April 1935.
3. RBI was formed on the recommendation of Hilton Yang Commission in 1926.
4. RBI is the also known as Banker's Bank
5. RBI was nationalised on January 1, 1949.
6. The head of ce of RBI is in Mumbai
7. First Governor of RBI Sir Osbourne Arkall Smith
8. First Indian RBI Governor CD Deshmuk
9. RBI has the sole right to issue currency notes of various denominations except one
rupee note.
10. RBI maintains gold and foreign exchange reserves.
11. As Banker's Bank, RBI holds a part of the cash reserves of the banks, lends them
funds for short periods and provides them with centralised clearing and cheap and
quick remittance facilities.
12. RBI regulates the issue of notes above 1 rupees
13. The one rupee notes are issued by the Ministry of Finance.
14. Punjab National Bank was established in the year 1894.
15. The largest public sector bank in Indian State Bank of India.
16. Imperial Bank of India was formed in the year 1921 (by amalgamation of three
Presidency banks - Bank of Bengal, Bank of Bombay and Bank of Madras).
17. Imperial Bank was nationalised in 1955 and renamed as State Bank of India.
18. State Bank of India is the Biggest commercial bank in the Public Sector of India.
19. SBI has the largest number of branches (more than 13000) in the world.
20. First bank nationalization took place on July 19, 1969. 14 large commercial banks
were nationalised during the Prime Ministership of Indira Gandhi.
21. On April 15, 1980 six banks were nationalized by Indira Gandhi.
22. The New Bank of India was merged with the Punjab National Bank in
September 1993.
23. ICICI bank was formed in 1994
24. SIDBI was established in 1990.
25. EXIM (Export Import Bank of India) was set up on January 1, 1982.
26. IDBI was established in 1964.
27. IRBI (Industrial Reconstruction Bank of India) was established in 1971.
28. 14 banks having deposits more than Rs 50 crore nationalized in July 1969
29. 6 banks having deposits more than Rs 200 crore nationalized in April 1980.
30. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was established in April, 1988 and
given statutory status by an Act of Parliament in 1992.
31. Oldest Stock Exchange in India Bombay Stock Exchange (Oldest of Asia)
32. Bombay Stock Exchange was established in 1875.
33. India Security Press is located at Nasik Road, Maharashtra.
34. Security Printing Press is located at Hoshangabad, which was established in 1982.
35. Currency Notes Press is located at Nasik Road in Maharashtra.
36. Postal and Judicial stamps : Indian Securit Press, Nasik, Maharashtra.
37. Bank note press : Devas (Madhya Pradesh), Mysore and Salboni
38. Minting of gold medals : Kolkata and Noida
39. Security printing press : Hyderabad
40. Coins are minted at Mumbai, Kolkata, Hyderabad and Noida.
41. All coins and one rupee notes are issued by the Ministry of Finance.
42. Once rupee note bears the signature of Finance Secretary, Government of India.
43. National Stock Exchange (NSE) was established in the year 1992
44. GIC (General Insurance Corporation) was set up in the year : 1973
45. LIC (Life Insurance Corporation) was established in the year : 1956
46. HUDCO (Housing and Urban Development Finance Corporation) was established in the year 1970.
47. HDFC (Housing Development Finance Corporation) was set up in the year 1977.
48. NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) was established
in the year 1982.
49. NABARD was established on the recommendation of Shivraman Committee.
50. NABARD headquarters is at Mumbai
51. SIDBI (Small Industries Development Bank of India) was setup in the year 1990
52. IDBI (Industries Development Bank of India) was set up in the year 1964
53. Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI) was established in the year : 1948
54. State Bank of India has the highest number of ATMs in India
55. Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) was established on September 1, 1956.
56. LIC Headquarters is located at Mumbai
57. Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) was constituted on April 19, 2000.
58. Who will settle the grievances of customers of banks : Ombudsman
Popular Books by Indian Politicians
Name and Author Name and Author
The Disy of India My Experiments with
Truth
Jawaharlal Nehru Gandhi
Name and Author Name and Author
The Broken Wings: Songs Jinnah: India- Partitio
of Love, Death and Spring Independence
Sarojini Naidu Jaswant Singh
Name and Author Name and Author
My Truth The Indian Struggle 192
1942
Indira Gandhi Subash Chandra Bose
Name and Author Name and Author
India wins Freedom Unhappy India
Maulana Abdul Kalam Lala Lajpat Rai
Azad
Name and Author Name and Author
Governance for Growth in
The Insider India
P.V Narasimha Rao A P J Abdul Kalam
Name and Author Name and Author
The Accidental Prime
Minister : The making and My Years with Rajiv &
unmaking of Manmohan Sonia
Singh
Sanjaya Baru RD Pradhan
Name and Author Name and Author
Assassination of Rajiv India at Risk
Gandhi: An Inside Job
Faraz Ahmad Jaswant Singh
Name and Author Name and Author
Dramatic Decade: The 2014: The Election that
Indira Gandhi years changed India
Pranab Mukherjee Rajdeep Sardesai
Name and Author Name and Author
Indian Parliamentary Green Signals Ecology,
Diplomacy Speaker’s Growth and Democracy in
Perspective India
Meira Kumar Jairam Ramesh
Name and Author Name and Author
Public Issue before Modinomics - Inclusive
Parliament Economics Inclusive
Governance
Vijay Darda Sameer Kochar
Name and Author Name and Author
India After Gandhi -
History of the World’s The Annihilation of Caste
largest Democracy
Ramchandra Guha Dr. B R Ambedkar
Name and Author Name and Author
Unreal Elections The Doctor and Saint:
Caste, Race and
Annihilation of Caste
C S Krishna Arundhati Roy
Name and Author Name and Author
Debate Between B R
The Audacity of opinion Ambedkar and M K
Gandhi
Jaswant Singh Arundhati Roy
Name and Author Name and Author
The Rebel: A biography of Jinnah vs Gandhi
Ram Jethmalani
Sujan Adelman Roderick Matthews
Name and Author Name and Author
The Great Indian Novel To the Brink and Back:
India's 1991 story
Shashi Tharoor Jairam Ramesh
Name and Author Name and Author
India 2020 - A Vision for Glimpse of World History
New Millennium
A P J Abdul Kalam and YS Jawaharlal Nehru
Rajan
Name and Author Name and Author
Narendra Modi: A Political My Unforgettable
Biography Memories
Andy Marino Mamta Banerjee
Name and Author Name and Author
Golden Threshold India Divided
list-of-different-parliaments
Countries and their Parliaments
Parliament of Different Countries
Country Parliament
Afghanistan Shora
Albania People's Assembly
Algeria National People's Assembly
Andorra General Council
Angola National People's Assembly
Argentina National Congress
Australia Federal Parliament
Austria National Assembly
Azerbaijan Melli Majlis
Bahamas General Assembly
Bahrain Consultative Council
Bangladesh Jatiya Sansad
Belize National Assembly
Bhutan Tsogdu
Bolivia National Congress
Botswana National Assembly
Brazil National Congress
Britain Parliament (House of Commons and House of Lords)
Brunei National Assembly
Bulgaria Narodno Subranie
Cambodia National Assembly
Canada Parliament
Chile National Congress (Chamber of Deputies and Senate)
China National People's Assembly
Colombia Congress
Comoros Legislative Council and Senate
Congo Democratic Rep. of National Legislative Council
Costa Rica Legislative Council and Senate
Croatia Hrvatski Sabor
Cuba National Assembly of People's Power
Czech Republic Chamber of Deputies and Senate
Denmark Folketing
East Timor Constituent Assembly
Ecuador National Congress
Egypt People's Assembly
El Salvador Legislative Assembly
Ethiopia Federal Council and House of Representative
Fiji Islands Senate & House of Representative
France National Assembly
Germany Bundestag (Lower House) and Bundesrat (Upper House)
Greece Chamber of Deputies
Guyana National Assembly
Hungry National Assembly
Iceland Althing
India Sansad (Rajya Sabha) (Lok Sabha)
Indonesia People's Consultative Assembly
Iran Majlis
Iraq National Assembly
Israel Knesset
Italy Chamber of Deputies and Senate
Japan Diet
Jordan National Assembly
Korea(North) Supreme People's Assembly
Korea(South) National Assembly
Kuwait National Assembly
Laos The National Assembly
Lebanon National Assembly
Lesotho National Assembly and Senate
Libya General People's Congress
Lithuania Seimas
Luxembourg Chamber of Deputies
Madagascar The National Assembly
Malaysia Dewan Rakyat and Dewan Negara
Maldives Majlis
Mongolia State Great Khural
Montenegro The Parliament
Mozambique Assembly of the Republic
Myanmar Pyithu Hluttaw (Assembly of the Union)
Nepal Federal Parliament
Netherlands The Staten General
New Zealand Parliament (House of Representative)
Oman The Council of Oman
Pakistan National Assembly & Senate
Papua New Guinea National Parliament
Paraguay Senate & Chamber of Deputies
Philippines The Congress
Poland Sejm
Romania Parliament of Romania
Russia Duma & Federal Council
Saudi Arabia Majlis Al-Shura or Shura Council
Senegal National Assembly
Serbia National Assembly
Seychelles National Assembly
South Africa Rep. National Assembly
Spain Cortes Generales
Sudan Majlis Watani
Sweden Riksdag
Switzerland Federal Assembly
Syria People's Council
Turkey Grand National Assembly
USA Congress
Venezuela National Assembly
Vietnam National Assembly
Zambia National Assembly
List of Geographical Epithets of the World
Epithet City/Country/River/Place
America’s Motor City Detroit
Britain of the South New Zealand
Cockpit of Europe Belgium
City of Skyscrapers New York (USA)
City of Seven Hills Rome (Italy)
City of Quiet thoroughfares Venice
City of Magnificent Buildings Washington (USA)
City of Golden Gate San Francisco (USA)
City of Flowers Cape Town (S.Africa)
City of Eternal Springs Quito (S.America)
City of Dreaming Spires Oxford (England)
China’s Sorrow River Hwang Ho
Dark Continent Africa
Eternal City of Hopes Rome, Italy
Empire City New York
Emerald Isle Ireland
Forbidden City Lhasa (Tibet)
Granite City Aberdeen
Golden City Johannesburg
Gift of Nile Egypt
Gibraltar of Indian Ocean Aden
Gate of tears Strait of bab-el-Mandeb
Garden of England Kent (England)
Garden in the desert Ethiopia
Garden City Chicago
Human Equator of the Earth Himalayas
Holy Land Palestine
Herring Pond Atlantic Ocean
Hermit Kingdom Korea
Hanging Valleys Valley of Switzerland
Islands of Sunshine West Indies
Island of Pearls Bahrain (Persian Gulf)
Island of Cloves Zanzibar
Island Continent Australia
Key to Mediterranean Gibraltar
Kashmir of Europe Switzerland
Manchester of Japan Osaka (Japan)
Loneliest Island Tristan De kunha (Mid. Atlantic)
Land of White Elephant Thailand
Land of Thunderbolt Bhutan
Land of Thousand Lakes Finland
Land of Thousand Elephants Laos
Land of Setting Sun United Kingdom
Land of Rising Sun Japan
Land of Morning Calm Korea
Land of Midnight Sun Norway
Land of Maple Canada
Land of Lilies Canada
Land of Lakes Scotland
Land of Kangaroo Australia
Land of Golden Pagoda Myanmar
Land of Golden Fleece Australia
Land of Five Seas South West Asia
Play Ground of Europe Switzerland
Pillars of Hercules Straits of Gibraltar
Queen of the Adriatic Venice
Quaker City Philadelphia
Roof of the World The pamirs (Tibet)
River in the Sea Gulf Stream
Sugar Bowl of the world Cuba
Sick man of Europe Turkey
Venice of the North Stockholm
Venice of the East Bangkok
Windy City Chicago
White City Belgrade
Workshop of Europe Belgium
Yellow River Hwang Ho (China)
List of Head of Countries
Country Current President and Prime Minister
President – Ashraf Ghani (2014–present)
Afghanistan
Prime Minister – Abdullah Abdullah (2014–present)
President – Ilir Meta (2017–present)
Albania
Prime Minister – Edi Rama (2013–present)
President – Abdelaziz Bouteflika (1999–present)
Algeria
Prime Minister – Ahmed Ouyahia (2017–present)
Angola President – João Lourenço (2017–present)
Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–
present)
Antigua and Barbuda
Governor-General – Sir Rodney Williams (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Gaston Browne (2014–present)
President – Armen Sarkissian (2018–present)
Armenia
Prime Minister – Nikol Pashinyan (2018–present)
Argentina President – Mauricio Macri (2015–present)
Governor – Alfonso Boekhoudt (2017–present)
Aruba
Prime Minister – Evelyn Wever-0.Croes (2017–present)
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1952–present)
Australia Governor-General – David Hurley (2019)
Prime Minister – Scott Morrison (2018–present)
President – Alexander Van der Bellen (2017–present)
Austria
Chancellor – Brigitte Bierlein (since 2019)
President – Ilham Aliyev (2003–present)
Azerbaijan
Prime Minister – Novruz Mammadov (2018–present)
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1973–present)
Bahamas Governor-General – Dame Marguerite Pindling (2014–present)
Prime Minister – Hubert Minnis (2017–present)
Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (1999–present)
Bahrain Prime Minister – Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa (1970–
present)
President – Abdul Hamid (2013–present)
Bangladesh
Prime Minister – Sheikh Hasina (2009–present)
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1966–present)
Barbados Governor-General – Dame Sandra Mason (2018–present)
Prime Minister – Mia Mottley (2018–present)
President – Alexander Lukashenko (1994–present)
Belarus
Prime Minister – Syarhey Rumas (2018–present)
Monarch – Philippe (2013–present)
Belgium
Prime Minister – Charles Michel (2014–present)
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1981–present)
Belize Governor-General – Sir Colville Young (1993–present)
Prime Minister – Dean Barrow (2008–present)
Benin President – Patrice Talon (2016–present)
Monarch – Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck (2006–present)
Bhutan
Prime Minister – Dasho Tshering Wangchuk (2018–present)
Bolivia President – Evo Morales (2006–present)
Botswana President – Mokgweetsi Masisi (2018–present)
Brazil President – Jair Bolsonaro (2022 - Present )
Monarch – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
Brunei
Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah (1984–present)
President – Rumen Radev (2017–present)
Bulgaria
Prime Minister – Boyko Borisov (2017–present)
Burundi President – Pierre Nkurunziza (2005–present)
Monarch – Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
Cambodia
Prime Minister – Hun Sen (1985–present)
President – Paul Biya (1982–present)
Cameroon
Prime Minister – Philémon Yang (2009–present)
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1952–present)
Canada Governor-General – Julie Payette (2017–present)
Prime Minister – Justin Trudeau (2015–present)
Chile President – Sebastián Piñera (2018–present)
Communist Party Leader – Xi Jinping (2012–present)
China President – Xi Jinping (2013–present)
Premier – Li Keqiang (2013–present)
Colombia President – Iván Duque Márquez (2018–present)
President – Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović (2015–present)
Croatia
Prime Minister – Andrej Plenković (2016–present)
Cyprus President – Nicos Anastasiades (2013–present)
Monarch – Margrethe II (1972–present)
Denmark
Prime Minister – Lars Løkke Rasmussen (2015–present)
President – Abdel Fattah el-Sisi (2014–present)
Egypt
Prime Minister – Moustafa Madbouly (2018–present)
President – Kersti Kaljulaid (2016–present)
Estonia
Prime Minister – Kaja Kallas (2019–present)
President – Mulatu Teshome (2013–present)
Ethiopia
Prime Minister – Abiy Ahmed (2018–present)
President – George Konrote (2015–present)
Fiji
Prime Minister – Frank Bainimarama (2007–present)
President – Sauli Niinistö(2012–present)
Finland
Prime Minister – Juha Sipilä (2015–present)
President – Emmanuel Macron (2017–present)
France
Prime Minister – Édouard Philippe (2017–present)
President – Giorgi Margvelashvili (2013–present)
Georgia
Prime Minister – Mamuka Bakhtadze (2018–present)
President – Frank-Walter Steinmeier (2017–present)
Germany
Chancellor – Angela Merkel (2005–present)
Ghana President – Nana Akufo-Addo (2017–present)
President – Prokopis Pavlopoulos (2015–present)
Greece
Prime Minister – Alexis Tsipras (2015–present)
Guatemala President – Jimmy Morales (2016–present)
President – Alpha Conde (2010–present)
Guinea
Prime Minister – Ibrahima Kassory Fofana (2018–present)
President – Ram Nath Kovind (2017–present)
India
Prime Minister – Narendra Modi (2014–present)
Indonesia President: Joko Widodo (2014–present)
Supreme Leader – Ayatollah Ali Khamenei (1989–present)
Iran
President – Hassan Rouhani (2013–present)
President: Fuad Masum (2014–present)
Iraq
Prime Minister: Haider al-Abadi (2014–present)
President: Michael Daniel Higgins (2011–present)
Ireland
Prime Minister: Leo Varadkar (2017–present)
President: Reuven Rivlin (2014–present)
Israel
Prime Minister: Benjamin Netanyahu (2009–present)
President: Sergio Mattarella (2015–present)
Italy
Prime Minister: Giuseppe Conte (2018–present)
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1962–present)
Jamaica Governor-General – Sir Patrick Allen (2009–present)
Prime Minister – Andrew Holness (2016–present)
Monarch – Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–present)
Japan
Prime Minister – Shinzō Abe (2012–present)
King : Abdullah II (1999–present)
Jordan
Prime Minister: Omar Razzaz (2018–present)
President – Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990–present)
Kazakhstan
Prime Minister – Bakhytzhan Sagintayev (2016–present)
Korea, North Supreme leader : Kim Jong-un (2011–present)
President – Moon Jae-in (2017–present)
Korea, South
Prime Minister – Lee Nak-yeon (2017–present)
Monarch – Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2006–
present)
Kuwait
Prime Minister – Sheikh Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah
(2011–present)
President – Michel Aoun (2016–present)
Lebanon
Prime Minister – Saad Hariri (2016–present)
President : Aguila Saleh Issa (2014–present)
Libya
Prime Minister : Abdullah al-Thani (2014–present)
Monarch – Muhammad V, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of
Malaysia Malaysia (2016–present)
Prime Minister: Mahathir Mohamad (2018–present)
President: Ibrahim Mohamed Solih (17 November 2018 -
Maldives
present);
President – Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta (2013–present)
Mali
Prime Minister – Soumeylou Boubèye Maïga (2017–present)
President : Barlen Vyapoory (2018–present)
Mauritius
Prime Minister : Pravind Jugnauth (2017–present)
President – Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (December, 2018 –
Mexico
present)
Monarch – Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
Morocco
Prime Minister – Saadeddine Othmani (2017–present)
President – Win Myint (2018–present)
Myanmar
Prime Minister – Aung San Suu Kyi (2016–present)
President – Hage Geingob (2015–present)
Namibia
Prime Minister – Saara Kuugongelwa (2015–present)
President – Bidhya Devi Bhandari (2015–present)
Nepal
Prime Minister – Khadga Prasad Oli (2018–present)
King : Willem-Alexander (2013–present)
Netherlands
Prime Minister : Mark Rutte (2010–present)
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1952–present)
New Zealand Governor General : Dame Patsy Reddy (2016–present)
Prime Minister : Jacinda Ardern (2017–present)
Monarch – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–
Oman present)
Prime Minister – Qaboos bin Said al Said (1972–present)
President : Arif Alvi (2018–present)
Pakistan
Prime Minister : Imran Khan (2018–present)
Philippines President – Rodrigo Duterte (2016–present)
President – Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (2016–present)
Portugal
Prime Minister – António Costa (2015–present)
Monarch – Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani (2013–present)
Qatar Prime Minister – Sheikh Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani
(2013–present)
President – Klaus Iohannis (2014–present)
Romania
Prime Minister – Viorica Dăncilă (2018–present)
President – Vladimir Putin (2012–present)
Russia
Prime Minister – Dmitry Medvedev (2012–present)
Monarch – Salman (2015–present)
Saudi Arabia
Prime Minister – Salman (2015–present)
Seychelles President – Danny Faure (2016–present)
President – Halimah Yacob (2017–present)
Singapore
Prime Minister – Lee Hsien Loong (2004–present)
South Africa President – Cyril Ramaphosa (2018–present)
Monarch – Felipe VI (2014–present)
Spain
Prime Minister – Pedro Sánchez (2018–present)
President – Maithripala Sirisena (2015–present)
Sri Lanka
Prime Minister – Ranil Wickremesinghe (2015–present)
Sudan President – Moutaz Mousa Abdallah (Since 17th September)
South Sudan President – Salva Kiir Mayardit (2005–present)
President – Bashar al-Assad (2000–present)
Syria
Prime Minister – Imad Khamis (2016–present)
President – Tsai Ing-wen (2016–present)
Taiwan
Premier – William Lai (2017–present)
Monarch – Maha Vajiralongkorn (2016–present)
Thailand
Prime Minister – Prayut Chan-o-cha (2014–present)
President – Petro Poroshenko (2014–present)
Ukraine
Prime Minister – Volodymyr Groysman (2016–present)
President – Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan (2004–present)
United Arab Emirates Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
(2006–present)
United States of
President – Donald Trump (2017–present)
America
Monarch – Elizabeth II (1952–present)
United Kingdom
Prime Minister – Theresa May (2016–present)
President – Dang Thi Ngoc Thinh (acting president Since 21
Vietnam September 2018)
Prime Minister – Nguyen Xuan Phuc (2016 – present)
Zimbabwe President – Emmerson Mnangagwa (2017–present)
List of Indian Newspapers and founders
News Paper/Journal Founder
Al-Hilal (Daily)
Abul Kalam Azad
Al-Balagh (Weekly)
New India (Daily)
Annie Besant
Commonweal
Sandhya B.B. Upadhyaya
Mooknayak
Dr. B.R Ambedkar
Bahishkrit Bharat
Kesari
Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Mahratta
Darpan Balshastri Jambhekar
Kavi Vachan Sudha Bhartendu Harishchandra
Jugantar Bhupendranath Data and Barindra Kumar Ghosh
New India (Weekly) Bipin Chandra Pal
Bande Mataram Sri Aurobindo
List of Indian Newspapers and founders
Talvar Virendranath Chattopadhyaya
Rast Goftar Dadabhai Naoroji and Kharshedji Cama
Voice of India Dadabhai Naoroji
Indian Mirror Devendra Nath Tagore
The Tribune Dyal Singh Majithia
Bombay Chronicle Sir Pherozeshah Mehta
The Hindu
G. Subramania Iyer
Swadesamitran
Sudharak Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
Pratap Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
Inquilab Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah
Hindoo Patriot Girish Chandra Ghosh & Harish Chandra Mukherjee
Somprakash Dwarkanath Vidyabhusan
Bengal Gazette James Augustus Hicky
Hindustan Times Sunder Singh Lyallpuri
Vichar Lahiri Krishnashastri Chiplunkar
Arya Gazette Lala Lajpat Rai
Induprakash Gopal Hari Deshmukh
The Leader
Madan Mohan Malaviya
Hindustan
Navjeevan
Indian Opinion
Mahatma Gandhi
Young India
Harijan
Kranti Mirajkar, Joglekar, Ghate
The Comrade Maulana Mohammad Ali
List of Indian Newspapers and founders
The Independent (India) Motilal Nehru
Din Mitra Mukundarao Patil
Din Bandu Bhaskar Rao Jadhav
Navyug Muzaffar Ahmed
Kudi Arasu Periyar E. V. Ramasamy
Sambad Kaumudi
Ram Mohan Roy
Mirat-ul-Akbar
The Statesman Robert Knight
Bombay Times Robert Knight & Thomas Bennnet
The Indian Sociologist Krishnavarma
Tehzeeb-ul-Akhlaq Syed Ahmad Khan
Amrita Bazar Patrika Sisir Kumar Ghose and Moti Lal Ghosh
Prabuddha Bharata
Swami Vivekananda
Udbodhan
Free Hindustan Tarak Nath Das
Native Opinion V.N. Mandlik
List of International & National Important Days
January
Date Day Observed
World Day of Peace
Jan 1
Global Family Day
Jan 6 World Day For War Orphans
Pravasi Bharatiya Divas
Jan 9
NRI Day
Jan 12 National Youth Day (Birth Day of Swami Vivekanand)
Jan 14 International Kite Festival - Ahemdabad
Jan 15 Army Day
Jan 18 National Immunization Day(Polio Day)
Jan 19 Idaho Human Rights Day/Martin Luther King Day
Jan 21 Meghalaya Day
St. Agnes Day
World Hug Day
Tripura Day
118th Birth Anniversary of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose /National
Jan 23
Day of Patriotism / Desh Prem Divas.
Jan 24 Rashtriya Balika Diwas/National Girl Child Day
World Leprosy Day
Himachal Pradesh Day/ Statehood Day
Jan 25
National Tourism Day
National Voter Day
Indian Republic day
Jan 26
International Customs Day
International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of
Jan 27
the Holocaust
Jan 28 Data Protection Day
Death Anniversary Mahatma Gandhi(Martyrs/Sarvodaya
Jan 30
Day),National Cleanliness Day
Jan 31 World Leprosy Eradication Day
February
Date Day Observed
Feb 1 Indian Coast Guard Day
Feb 2 World Wetlands Day
Feb 4 World Cancer Day
Feb 5 Kashmir Solidarity Day
Feb 6 International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation
Feb 7 Rose day
Feb 8 World Marriage Day
Feb 10 National Deworming Day
Feb 11 World Day of the Sick
Feb 13 World Radio Day
Feb 14 Saint Valentine’s Day
Feb 20 World Day of Social Justice
Feb 21 International Mother Language Day
Feb 22 World Thinking day
Feb 23 World Rotary Day
Feb 24 Central Excise Day
Feb 25 World Sustainable Energy Day
Feb 27 International Polar Bear Day
National Science Day
Feb 28
Rare Disease Day
March
Date Day Observed
Mar 1 Zero Discrimination Day
World Wildlife Day
Mar 3 International Sex Worker Rights Day
National Defence Day
National Security Day
Mar 4 Bus Day (Bengaluru)
World Maths Day
Mar 8 International Women's Day
Mar 9 Commonwealth Day
Mar 10 Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) Raising Day
Mar 12 World Kidney Day
World Sleep Day
Mar 13
World Rotaract Day
Mar 14 World Pie day
World Consumer Rights Day
Mar 15
World Contact Day
Mar 18 National Ordinance Factories Day
International Day of Happiness
Mar 20 World Day of Theatre for Children and Young People
World sparrow day
International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
World Poetry Day
International Day of Nowruz
Mar 21
World Down Syndrome Day
International Day of Forests
Sun-Earth Day
Mar 22 World Water Day
Mar 23 World Meteorological Day
World Tuberculosis Day
International Day for the Right to the Truth concerning Gross Human
Mar 24 Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims
International Day for Achievers
World TB Day
International Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Slavery and the
Transatlantic Slave Trade
Mar 25
International Day of Solidarity with Detained and Missing Staff
Members
Mar 26 World Purple day
World Theatre Day
Mar 27
World Drama day
April
Date Day Observed
Prevention of Blindness Week
Apr 1 April Fools' Day
Orissa Day
World Autism Awareness Day
Apr 2
International Children's Book Day
International Day for Mine Awareness and Assistance in Mine
Action
Apr 4
World Rat Day
International Pillow Fight Day
Apr 6 International Day of Sport for Development and Peace
International Day of Reflection on the Genocide in Rwanda
Apr 7
World Health Day
Apr 8 World Romani Day
International Day of Human Space Flight
Apr 12
World Aviation and Cosmonautics Day
Indian Women's Savings Day
Apr 14
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar-Birth Anniversary
Apr 16 Emancipation Day
International Special Librarians Day - Information Ethics Day
Apr 17
World Haemophilia Day
Apr 18 World Heritage Day
Apr 22 World Earth Day
World Book and Copyright Day
Apr 23
English Language Day
World Day for Animals in Laboratories
Apr 24
National Panchayati Day
Apr 25 World Malaria Day
World Intellectual Property Day
Apr 26
Worldwide Pinhole Photography Day
Apr 28 World Day for Safety and Health at Work
Day of Remembrance for all Victims of Chemical Warfare
Apr 29 International Dance Day
International Guide Dog Day
Apr 30 International Jazz Day
May
Date Day Observed
International Labour Day
May 1
Maharashtra Day
May 2 World Naked Gardening Day
World Press Freedom Day
May 3 World Laughter Day
International Energy Day
May 4 International Firefighters' Day
International Midwives' Day
May 5
World Asthma Day
World Red Cross Day
May 8
World Thalassaemia Day
World Migratory Bird Day
May 9
World Fair Trade Day
May 10 Mother's Day
May 11 National Technology Day
May 12 International Nurses Day
May 15 International Day of Families
World Telecommunication and Information Society Day
May 17
World Hypertension Day
World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development
May 21
Anti Terrorism Day
May 22 International Day for Biological Diversity
International Day to End Obstetric Fistula
May 23
World Turtle Day
May 25 World Children’s Missing Day
May 29 International Day of UN Peacekeepers
May 31 World No-Tobacco Day
June
Date Day Observed
Global Day of Parents
June 1 "Vesak", the Day of the Full Moon
World Milk Day
June 2 International Sex Workers Day
June 4 International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression
June 5 World Environment Day
June 7 Cancer Survivors Day
June 8 World Oceans Day
June 12 World Day Against Child Labour
International Albinism Awareness Day
June 13
World Naked Bike Day
June 14 World Blood Donor Day
June 15 World Elder Abuse Awareness Day
World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought
June 17
International Criminal Court Day
June 20 World Refugee Day
International Day of Yoga
Father's Day
June 21
World Music Day
T-Shirt Day
Public Service Day
June 23 International Widows' Day
International Olympic Day
June 25 Day of the Seafarer
International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking
June 26
International Day in Support of Victims of Torture
June 29 National Statistics Day
July
Date Day Observed
International Joke Day
July 1
National Doctor's Day
July 2 World Sports Journalists Day
July 4 International Day of Cooperatives(first Saturday in July)
World Zoonoses Day
July 6
International Kissing Day
July 7 Global Forgiveness Day
World Population Day
July 11
State Bank Foundation Day
July 12 World Malala day
World Youth Skills Day
July 15
Pay Roll Savings Day
July 17 International Justice Day
July 18 Nelson Mandela International Day
July 26 Kargil Vijay Diwas
World Hepatitis Day
July 28
World Nature conservation day
July 29 World Tiger Day
International Day of Friendship
July 30
World Day against Trafficking in Persons
August
Date Day Observed
Aug 1 World Breastfeeding Day
International Forgiveness Day
Aug 2
International Friendship Day(1st Sunday)
Aug 6 Hiroshima Day
Aug 7 National Handloom Day
Aug 8 World Cat Day
International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples
Aug 9 Nagasaki Peace Day
Kranti Diwas (Quit India Movement Day)
Aug 12 International Youth Day
Aug 13 International Lefthanders Day
Aug 14 Pakistan Independence Day
Aug 15 Indian Independence Day
World Humanitarian Day
Aug 19
World Photography Day
World Mosquito Day
Aug 20
Sadbhavana Diwas
International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and Its
Aug 23
Abolition
Aug 26 Women's Equality Day
International Day against Nuclear Tests
Aug 29 Telugu Language Day
National Sports Day of India
Sanskrit Day
International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances
Aug 30
Small Industry Day
September
Date Day Observed
Sep 2 World Coconut Day
International Day of Charity
Sep 5
National Teacher’s Day
Sep 7 Forgiveness Day
Sep 8 International Literacy Day
Sep 12 United Nations Day for South-South Cooperation
Sep 13 World Chocolate Day
Hindi Day
Sep 14
World First Aid Day
Sep 15 International Day of Democracy
Sep 16 International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer
Sep 19 International Red Panda Day
International Day of Peace
Sep 21
World Alzheimer's Day
Sep 22 World Car Free Day
World Maritime Day
Sep 25
Social Justice Day
Sep 26 International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons
World Tourism Day
Sep 27
World Deaf Day
National Gunners Day
Sep 28
World Rabies Day
Sep 29 World Heart Day
Sep 30 International Translation Day
October
Date Day Observed
International Day of Older Persons
World Vegetarian Day
Oct 1
International Music Day - IMC
National Voluntary Blood Donation Day
International Day of Non-Violence
World Farm Animals Day
Oct 2
Mahatma Gandhi Jayanti
World Smile Day
Oct 3 World Nature Day
Oct 4 World Animal Day
World Teachers’ Day
Oct 5 World Habitat Day(first Monday in October)
World Architecture Day
Oct 8 National Air force Day
World Sight Day
World Post Day
Oct 9
World Egg Day
World Mental Health Day
Oct 10
National Postal Day
Oct 11 International Day of the Girl Child
Oct 12 World Arthritis day
International Day for Disaster Reduction
Oct 13
World Calamity Control Day
World Standards Day
Oct 14
World Maths Day
International Day of Rural Women
Oct 15 Global Handwashing Day
World White cane day
Oct 16 World Food Day
Oct 17 Anti Poverty Day
International Day for the Eradication of Poverty
Oct 20 World Statistics Day
World Osteoporosis Day
United Nations Day
Oct 24 World Development Information Day
Indo Tibetan Border Police Raising day
Oct 25 World Mother-in-Law's Day
Oct 27 World Day for Audiovisual Heritage
Oct 30 World Thrift Day
World Cities Day
Oct 31 World Savings Day
Rastriya Ekta Diwas (Sardar Patel)
November
Date Day Observed
World Vegan Day
Nov 1
Rajyotsava Day (Karnataka Formation Day)
Nov 2 International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists
Nov 5 World Radiography day
International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the
Nov 6
Environment in War and Armed Conflict
Nov 7 Infant Protection day
Nov 8 World services day
Legal Service Day
Nov 9
World Orphans Day (Second Monday of Nov)
World Science Day for Peace and Development
Nov 10
Transport Day
World Diabetes Day
Nov 14 National Children's Day
International Girls Day (confidence coalition)
Nov 15 World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims
Nov 16 International Day for Tolerance
World Student day
Nov 17
National Journalism day
Nov 18 World Adult day
World Toilet Day
World Philosophy Day
World Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Day
Nov 19
International Men's Day
World Citizen day
National Integration Day - India (Indira Gandhi's birthday)
Universal Children’s Day
Nov 20
World Philosophy Day
World Television Day
Nov 21
World Hello Day
International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women
Nov 25
World Non Veg Prevention Day
Nov 26 National Law Day
Nov 29 International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People
Nov 30 Flag Day
December
Date Day Observed
Dec 1 World AIDS Day
International Day for the Abolition of Slavery
Dec 2 World Pollution Prevention Day
World Computer literacy day
International Day of Persons with Disabilities
Dec 3
World Disabled Day
Dec 4 Indian Navy Day
International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development
Dec 5
World Soil Day
Dec 6 Orange Festival(Poland)
International Civil Aviation Day
Dec 7 World Choral Day
National Armed Forces Flag Day
International Day of Commemoration and Dignity of the Victims of
the Crime of Genocide and of the Prevention of this Crime
Dec 9 International Anti-Corruption Day
Balika Divas
Dec 10 Human Rights Day
Dec 11 International Mountain Day
Dec 14 National Energy Conservation Day
Dec 15 International Tea Day
Dec 17 International Day Against Violence Against Sex Workers
International Migrants Day
Dec 18
National Minority Rights Day
Dec 19 Goa’s Libration Day
Dec 20 International Human Solidarity Day
Kisan Divas (Ch. Charan Singh's Birth Anniversary)
Dec 23
(Farmer's Day)
Dec 26 CRPF foundation day
Dec 29 International Bio-diversity day
List of Inventions and Discoveries
Invention Inventor Year Country
Acetylene Gas Edmund Davy 1836 England
Adding Machine Pascal 1642 France
Adhesive Tape, Scotch Richard Drew 1930 USA
Aeroplane Orville & Wilbur Wright 1903 USA
Aeroplane, Jet Engine Hans von Ohain 1939 Germany
Aerosol Spray Erik Rotheim 1926 Norway
Air Conditioning Carrier 1902 USA
Airship(Non-rigid) Henri Giffard 1852 France
Artificial heart William Kolff 1957 Netherlands
Atomic Numbers Moseley 1913 Britain
Atomic Theory Dalton 1803 Britain
Atomic Bomb J Robert Oppenheimer 1945 USA
Automatic Rifle John Browning 1918 USA
Bakelite Leo H Baekeland 1907 Belgium
Jacques & Joseph
Balloon 1783 France
Montgolfier
Ballpoint Pen John J loud 1888 USA
Ballistic Missile Wernher von Braun 1944 Germany
Barometer Evangelista Torricelli 1644 Italy
Battery(Electric) Alessandro Volta 1800 Italy
Bifocal Lens Benjamin Franklin 1780 USA
1839-
Bicycle Kirkpatrick Macmillan Britain
40
Bicycle tyres
John Boyd Dunlop 1888 Britain
(Pneumatic)
Bleaching Powder Tennant 1798 Britain
Burglar Alarms Edwin T. Holmes 1858 USA
Bunsen Burner Robert Wilhelm Bunsen 1855 Germany
Car(Steam) Nicolas Cugnot 1769 France
Car(Petrol) Karl Benz 1888 Germany
Carburetor Gottlieb Daimler 1876 Germany
Canned Vood Nicolas Appert 1804 France
Calculus Isaac Newton 1670 Britain
Camera, Kodak Walker Eastman 1888 USA
Cassette Videotape Sony 1969 Japan
Cassette, Audio Philips company 1963 Holland
Celluloid Alexander Parkes 1861 Britain
Cement (Portland) Joseph Aspdin 1824 Britain
Chronometer John Harrison 1735 Britain
Chemotherapy Ehrlich 1909 Germany
Cinema Nicolas and Jean Lumiere 1895 France
Clock (Mechanical) I Hsing & Liang Ling Tsan 1725 China
Cloning, Mammal Ian Wilmut's 1996 UK
Herbert W. Boyer, Stanley N.
Cloning, DNA 1973 USA
Cohen, and Paul Berg
Japan,
Compact Disc player Sony, Philips co 1979
Netherlands
Compact Disc RCA 1972 USA
Crossword puzzle Arthur Wynne 1913 USA
CT Scan Godfrey Hounsfield 1973 Britain
Disc, Video Phillips company 1972 Holland
Diesel Engine Rudolf Diesel 1895 Germany
Disc Brakes Dr. F Lanchester 1902 Britain
Electroplating Luigi Brugnatelli 1805 Italy
Electromagnet William Sturgeon 1824 Britain
Electron Thomson J 1897 Britain
Electronic Computer Dr Alan M turning 1824 Britain
Electric Flat iron H.W. Seeley 1882 USA
Electric Iron Henry W.Seely 1882 USA
Electric Lamp Thomas Alva Edison 1879 USA
Electric Motor (AC) Nikola Tesla 1888 USA
Electric Motor (DC) Zenobe Gramme 1873 Belgium
Electric Washing
Alva J Fisher 1906 USA
machine
Facsimile Machine Alexander Bain 1843 Britain
Film (Talking) J. Engl, J.Mussolle & H Vogt 1922 Germany
Film (Moving Outlines) Louise Prince 1885 France
Fibre-Optics Narinder Singh Kapany 1955 Britain
Film (Musical Sound) Dr Le de forest 1923 USA
Floppy Disk IBM 1970 USA
Fountain Pen Lewis E. Waterman 1884 USA
Frequency Modulation EH Armstrong 1933 USA
Frisbee Walter Frederick Morrison 1948 USA
Galvanometer Andre-Marie Ampere 1834 France
Glider Sir George Cayley 1853 Britain
Gramophone Thomas Alva Edison 1878 USA
Holography Dennis Gabor 1947 Britain
Hydrogen bomb Edward Teller 1952 USA
Intelligence testing Alfred Binet 1905 France
Jet engine Sir Frank Whittle 1937 Britain
Laser Theodore Maiman 1960 USA
Lift (Mechanical) Elisha G Otis 1852 USA
Lightning Conductor Benjamin Franklin 1752 USA
Logarithms John Napier 1614 Britain
Loom, Power Edmund Cartwright 1785 Britain
Machine Gun Richard Jordan Gatling 1718 Britain
Microphone Alexander Graham Bell 1876 USA
Robert Noyce & Gordon
Microprocessor 1971 USA
Moore
Microwave Oven Percy LeBaron Spencer 1947 USA
Movie Projector Thomas Alva Edison 1593 USA
Microscope Z.Janssen 1590 Netherlands
Microscopes, Elect Ernst Ruska, Max Knoll 1931 Germany
Motorcycle Gottlieb Daimler 1885 Germany
MRI Raymond Damadian 1971 USA
Neutron James Chadwick, 1932 Britain
Neon lamp George Claude 1910 France
Neutron bomb Samuel Cohan 1958 USA
Nylon Dr Wallace H Carothers 1937 USA
Optical fiber Narinder Singh Kapany 1955 Germany
Pasteurization Lewis Pasteur 1867 France
Periodic Table Mendeleyev 1869 Russia
Photocopier Chester Carlson 1938 USA
Photo Film, Celluloid Reichenbach 1893 USA
Photo Film,
George Eastman 1884 USA
Transparent
Photography (on Film) John Carbutt 1888 USA
Photography (on Metal) J.N. Niepce 1826 France
Photography (on
W.H. Fox Talbot 1835 Britain
Paper)
Photoelectric cell Julius Elster, Hans F Geitel 1893 Germany
Piano Cristofori 1709 Italy
Pistol, revolver Samuel Colt 1836 USA
Kennedy,
Plutonium fission 1940 USA
whal,Seaborg,Segre
Pop-up toaster Charles Strite 1927 USA
Printing (rotary) Richard Hoe 1846 USA
Printing (Web) William Bullock 1865 USA
Proton Rutherford 1919 New Zealand
Printing press Johann Gutenberg 1455 Germany
Quantum theory Max Planck 1900 Germany
Radar AH Taylor and Leo C Young 1922 USA
Radio Telegraphy
G Marconi 1901 Italy
(Trans Atlantic)
Radiocarbon Dating Willard Libby 1947 USA
Radio Telegraphy Dr Mohlon Loomis 1864 USA
Rayon Sir Joseph Swan 1883 Britain
Razor (Electric) Col Jacob Schick 1931 USA
Razor (Safety) King C Gillette 1895 USA
James Harrison, Alexandre
Refrigerator 1850 USA
catlin
Relativity Theory Einstein 1905 Germany
Rubber (Vulcanised) Charles Goodyear 1841 USA
Rubber (Latex foam) Dunlop Rubber Co. 1928 Britain
Rubber (Tyres) Thomas Hancock 1846 Britain
Rubber (Waterproof) Charles Macintosh 1823 Britain
Safety Pin Walter Hunt 1849 USA
Safety Razor King camp Gillette 1903 USA
Self-Starter Charles F Kettering 1911 USA
Seatbelt Volvo engineer Nils Bohlin 1959 Sweden
Ship (Steam) IC Perier 1775 France
Ship (Turbine) Hon Sir C Parson 1894 Britain
Slide Rule William Oughtred 1621 Britain
Spinning Frame Sir Richard Arkwright 1769 Britain
Spinning Jenny James Hargreaves 1764 Britain
Spinning Mule Samuel Crompton 1779 Britain
Skyscraper W Le Baron Jenny 1882 USA
Steam Engine Thomas Savery 1698 Britain
Steam Engine(Piston) Thomas Newcomen 1712 Britain
Steam James Watt 1765 Britain
Engine(Condenser)
Steel(Stainless) Harry Brealey 1913 Britain
Stethoscope Laennec 1819 French
Submarine David Bushnell 1776 USA
Super Computer J.H Van Tassel 1976 USA
Synthesiser Moog 1964 USA
Telegraph code Samuel FB Morse 1837 USA
Telephone, cellular Bell Labs 1947 USA
Telephone (perfected) Alexander Graham Bell 1876 USA
Television (electronic) P.T Farnsworth 1927 USA
Tank Sir Emest D Swington 1914 Britain
Tape Recorder Fessenden Poulsen 1899 Denmark
Telescope Hans Lippershey 1608 Netherlands
Telegraph M Lammond 1787 France
Television (mechanical) John Logie Baird 1926 Britain
Television, Colour John Logie Baird 1928 Britain
Transformer Michael Faraday 1831 Britain
Transistor Bardeen, Shockley & Brattain 1948 USA
Uranium fission, atomic
Szilard Fermi 1942 USA
reactor
Vacuum cleaner Spangler 1907 USA
Velcro(hook-and-loop-
Geprges de Mestral 1948 Switzerland
fastner)
Videotape Charles Ginsberg 1956 USA
Washing machine(elec) Hurley Machine co 1907 USA
Watch Bartholomew Manfredi 1462 Italy
Welder (electric) Elisha Thomson 1877 USA
Wireless (telegraph
G Marconi 1896 Italy
the)
X-ray W.K Roentgen 1895 Geremany
Zip Fastener W.L Judson 1891 USA
List of Malayalam literary awards
Jnanapeedam Award
Year Recipient Work(s)
1965 G. Sankara Kurup Odakkuzhal
1980 S. K. Pottekkatt Oru Desathinte Katha
1984 Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai Kayar
1995 M. T. Vasudevan Nair Overall Contribution
2007 O. N. V. Kurup Overall Contribution
Moorthidevi Award from Kerala
Year Name
2009 Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri
2013 C. Radhakrishnan
2016 M. P. Veerendra Kumar
Kerala Sahitya Akademi Awards for Novels
Year Name of Book Name of Author
1993 Ohari K. L. Mohana Verma
1994 Mavelimannan K. J. Baby
1995 Sufi Paranja Katha K. P. Ramanunni
1996 Vridhasadanam T. V. Kochubava
1997 Janithakam M. Sukumaran
1998 Innalathe Mazha M. Sukumaran
1999 Kocherathethi Narayan
2000 Athmavinu sariyennu Thonnunna Karyangal C. V. Balakrishnan
2001 Alahayude Penmakkal Sara Joseph
2002 Aghorasivam U. A. Khader
2003 Vadakkuninnoru Kudumbavrithantham Akbar Kakkattil
2004 Lanthan Batheriyile Luthiniyakal N. S. Madhavan
2005 Kannadiyile Mazha Jose Panachippuram
2006 Kalapangalkkoru Grihapadam Babu Bharadwaj
2007 Pathira Vankara K. Reghunathan
2008 Chavoli P. A. Uthaman
2009 Aadujeevitham Benyamin
2010 Barsa Khadeeja Mumthaz
2011 Manushyanu Oramukham Subhash Chandran
2012 Andhakaranazhi E. Santhoshkumar
2013 Aarachaar K. R. Meera
2014 KTN Kotoor Ezhuthum Jeevithavum T. P. Rajeevan
2015 Thakshankunnu Swaroopam U. K. Kumaran
2016 Sugandhi Enna Andal Devanayaki T. D. Ramakrishnan
Kerala Sahitya Akademi Awards for Short Stories
Year Name of Book Name of Author
1966 Naalalu Naaluvazhi Parappurathu
1967 Achingayum Kochuramanum E. M. Kovur
1968 Thanuppu Madhavikutty
1969 Mothiram Karur Neelakanda Pillai
1970 Presidentinte Adyathe Maranam N. P. Muhammed
1971 Jalam K. P. Nirmal Kumar
1972 Payasam Tatapuram Sukumaran
1973 Muni Pattathuvila Karunakaran
1974 Sakshi T. Padmanabhan
1975 Malamukalile Abdullah Punathil Kunjabdullah
1976 Marichittillathavarude Smarakam M. Sukumaran
1977 Sakunam Kovilan
1978 Pediswapnangal Sethu
1979 Oridathu Zacharia
1980 Aswathamavinte Chiri Kakkanadan
1981 Veedum Thadavum Anand
1982 Neeruravakalkku Oru Geetham G. N. Panicker
1983 Vasthuhara C. V. Sreeraman
1984 Thrikkottur Peruma U. A. Khader
1985 Hridayavathiyaya Penkutty M. Mukundan
1986 Swargam Thurakkunna Samayam M. T. Vasudevan Nair
1987 Puzha Vettur Raman Nair
1988 Dinosarinte Kutty E. Harikumar
1989 Noolpalam Kadakkunnavar Vaishakhan
1990 Bhoomiputhrante Vazhi S. V. Venugopalan Nair
1991 Kulambocha Jayanarayanan
1992 Veeduvittu Pokunnu K. V. Ashta Murthy
1993 Manjilapakshi Maanasi
1994 Samantharangal Shatrughnan
1995 Higuita N. S. Madhavan
1996 Rathrimozhi N. Prabhakaran
1997 Aswasathinte Manthra Charadu Mundoor Krishnan Kutty
1998 Oru Rathrikkoru Pakal Asokan Charuvil
1999 Reindeer Chandramathi
2000 Randu Swapna Darshikal Gracy
2001 Khadikaarangal Nilaykkunna Samayam Subhash Chandran
2002 Karkkidakathile Kokkukal K. V. Sebastian
2003 Jalasandhi P. Surendran
2004 Jagarooka A. S. Priya
2005 Thaapam T. N. Prakash
2006 Chavoli E. Santhosh Kumar
2007 Selected Stories Shihabudeen Poythumkara
2008 Komala Santhosh Echikkanam
2009 Aave Maria K. R. Meera
2010 Parasya Sareeram E. P. Sreekumar
2011 Polisukarante Penmakkal U.K. Kumaran
2012 Peramaram Sathishbabu Payyannur
2013 Marichavar Cinema Kaanukayanu Thomas Joseph
2014 Bhavana Bhedhanam V. R. Sudheesh
2015 Ashithayude Kathakal Ashitha
2016 Adam S. Hareesh
Vayalar Ramavarma Award
Year Name of Book Author
1977 Agnisakshi Lalithambika Antharjanam
1978 Ini jnan Urangatte P. K. Balakrishnan
1979 Yanthram Malayattoor Ramakrishnan
1980 Kayar Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai
1981 Makarakoithu Vailoppilli Sreedhara Menon
1982 Uppu O. N. V. Kurup
1983 Avakasikal M. K. Menon (Vilasini)
1984 Ambalamani Sugathakumari
1985 Randamoozham M. T. Vasudevan Nair
1986 Sabhalameeyathra N. N. Kakkadu
1987 Prathipathram Bhashanabhedam Prof. N. Krishna Pillai
1988 Thirunellur Karunakarante Kavithakal Thirunellur Karunakaran
1989 Thathwamasi Sukumar Azhikkod
1990 Munpe Parakkunna Pakshikal C. Radhakrishnan
1991 Gurusagaram O. V. Vijayan
Changambuzha-Nakshathrangalude
1992 Prof. M. K. Sanu
Snehabhajanam
1993 Marubhoomikal Undakunnathu Anand
1994 Guru K.Surendran
1995 Arangau Kanatha Nadan Thikkodiyan
1996 Oru Sangheerthanam Pole Perumbadavam Sridharan
1997 Neermathalam Pootha Kalam Madhavikutty
1998 Srishtiyum Srashtavum S.Guptan Nair
1999 Thattakam Kovilan
2000 Puzha Kadannu Marangalude Idayilekku T.Padmanabhan
2001 Devaspandanam M. V. Devan
2002 Ayyappapanickerude Krithikal Dr. K. Ayyappapanicker
2003 Kesavante Vilapangal M. Mukundan
2004 Alahayude Penmakkal Sara Joseph
2005 Sakshyangal K. Sachidanadan
2006 Adayalangal Sethu
2007 Appuvinte Anweshanam M. Leelavathy
2008 Haimavathabhuvil M. P. Veerendrakumar
2009 Marar Lavanyabhavathinte Yukthi Silpam Thomas Mathew
Vishnu Narayanan
2010 Charulatha
Namboodiri
2011 Jeevithathinte Pusthakam K. P. Ramanunni
2012 Anthimahakalam A Achuthan Namboothiri
2013 Shyamamadhavam Prabha Varma
2014 Aarachaar K. R. Meera
2015 Manushyanu Oru Aamukham Subhash Chandran
2016 Thakshankunnu Swaroopam U. K. Kumaran
2017 Sugandhi Enna Andal Devanayaki T. D. Ramakrishnan
Vallathol Award
Year Name
1991 Pala Narayanan Nair
1992 Sooranadu Kunhan Pillai
1993 Balamaniyamma, Vaikom Muhammad Basheer
1994 Ponkunnam Varkey
1995 M. P. Appan
1996 Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai
1997 Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri
1998 Dr. K. M. George
1999 S. Guptan Nair
2000 P. Bhaskaran
2001 T. Padmanabhan
2002 Dr. M. Leelavathy
2003 Sugathakumari
2004 K. Ayyappapanicker
2005 M. T. Vasudevan Nair
2006 O. N. V. Kurup
2007 Sukumar Azhikode
2008 Puthussery Ramachandran
2009 Kavalam Narayana Panicker
2010 Vishnu Narayanan Namboodiri
2011 C. Radhakrishnan
2012 Yusuf Ali Kechery
2013 Perumbadavam Sreedharan
2014 P. Narayana Kurup
2015 Anand
2016 Sreekumaran Thampi
2017 Prabha Varma
Ezhuthachan Award
Year Name
1993 Sooranadu Kunhan Pillai
1994 Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai
1995 Balamaniamma
1996 Dr. K. M. George
1997 Ponkunnam Varkey
1998 M. P. Appan
1999 K. P. Narayana Pisharadi
2000 Pala Narayanan Nair
2001 O. V. Vijayan
2002 Kamala Surayya (Madhavikkutty)
2003 T. Padmanabhan
2004 Sukumar Azhikkode
2005 S. Gupthan Nair
2006 V. V. Ayyappan (Kovilan)
2007 O. N. V. Kurup
2008 Akkitham Achuthanandan Namboodiri
2009 Sugathakumari
2010 M. Leelavathi
2011 M. T. Vasudevan Nair
2012 Attoor Ravi Varma
2013 M. K. Sanu
2014 Vishnu Narayanan Namboodiri
2015 Dr. Puthussery Ramachandran
2016 C. Radhakrishnan
2017 K. Sachidanandan
Kendra Sahitya Academy Awards (Malayalam)
Year Name Book
1955 R. Narayanappanikkar Bhashacharitram
1956 I. C. Chacko Paananeeya Pradyoditham
1957 Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai Chemmeen
1958 K. P. Kesava Menon Kazhinjakalam
1960 P. C. Kuttikrishnan Sundarikalum Sundaranmarum
1963 G. Sankara Kurup Viswadarshanam
1964 P. Kesava Dev Ayalkkar
1965 Balamaniamma Muthassi
1966 Kuttikrishna Marar Kala Jeevitham Thanne
1967 P. Kunhiraman Nair Thamarathoni
1969 Idasseri Govindan Nair Kavile Pattu
1970 M. T. Vasudevan Nair
1971 V Sreedhara Menon Vida
1972 S. K. Pottakkad Oru Desathinte Kadha
1973 A Achuthan Namboothiri Balidarsanam
1974 Vennikkulam Gopala Kurup Kaamasurabhi
1975 O. N. V. Kurup Aksharam
1976 Cherukaadu Jeevithapatha
1977 Lalithambika Antharjanam Agnisaakshi
1978 Sugathakumari Raatrimazha
1979 N. V. Krishna Warrier Vallatholinte Kavyasilpam
1980 Dr. Punathil Kunjabdulla Smarakasilakal
1981 Vilasini Avakasikal
1982 V. K. N Payyankathakal
1983 Prof. S. Guptan Nair Theranjedutha Prabandhangal
1984 Dr. K. Ayyappa Panikkar Ayyappapanikkarude Kavithakal
1985 Dr. Sukumar Azhikkod Thathwamasi
1985 Kamaladas Theranjedutha Kavithakal (Eng.)
1986 Dr. M. Leelavathi Kavithadhwani
1987 Prof. N. Krishna Pillai Prathipaathram Bhashana Bhedam
1988 C. Radhakrishnan Spandamapinikale Nandi
1989 Olappamanna Nizhalana
1990 O. V. Vijayan Gurusaagaram
1991 M. P. Sankunni Nair Chathravum Chamaravum
1992 M. Mukundan Daivathinte Vikrithikal
1993 N. P. Muhammad Daivathinte Kannu
1994 Vishnu Narayanan Namboodiri Raappakalukal
1995 Thikkodiyan Arangukanaatha Nadan
1996 T. Padmanabhan Gowri
1997 Anand Govardhanante Yaathrakal
1998 Kovilan Thattakam
1999 C. V. Sreeraman Sreeramante Kadhakal
2000 R. Ramachandran R. Ramachandrante Kavithakal
2001 Attoor Ravi Varma Attoor Ravi Varmayude Kavithakal
2002 K. G. Sankara Pillai K.G. Sankara Pillayude Kavitakal (Poems)
2003 Sara Joseph Alahayude Penmakkal (Novel)
2004 Paul Zachariah Zachariyayute Kathakal (Short Stories)
2005 G. V. Kakkanadan Jappana Pukayila (Short Stories)
2006 M. Sukumaran Chuvanna Chinnangal (Short Stories)
2007 Sethu (A. Sethumadhavan) Adayalangal (Novel)
2008 K. P. Appan (posthumously) Madhuram Ninte Jeevitham
2009 U. A. Khader Thrikottoor Peruma
2010 M. P. Veerendra Kumar Haimavatha Bhoovil
2011 M. K. Sanu Ekanthaveedhiyile Avadhuthan (Biography)
2012 K. Satchidanandan Marannu Vecha Vasthukkal (Poems)
2013 M. N. Paloor Kadhayillathavante Kadha (Autobiography)
2014 Subhash Chandran Manushyanu Oru Aamukham (Novel)
2015 K. R. Meera Aarachar (Novel)
2016 Prabha Varma Shyamamadhavam (Poetry)
2017 K. P. Ramanunni Daivathinte Pusthakam
P. Kunhiraman Nair Award
Year Recipient Work(s)
1997 K. Satchidanandan Malayalam
1998 Prabha Varma Chandana Nazhi
1999 Puthussery Ramachandran Utsava Bali
2000 Desamangalam Ramakrishnan Maravi Ezhuthunnathu
2001 Vijayalakshmi Mazhathan Mattetho Mukham
2002 O. N. V. Kurup Ee Purathana Kinnaram
2003 D. Vinayachandran Samasthakeralam P. O.
2004 Chemmanam Chacko Ottayal Pattalam
2005 Attoor Ravi Varma Attoor Ravi Varmayude Kavithakal – Bhaagam 2
2006 K. Ayyappa Paniker K. Ayyappa Panikerude Kavithakal
2007 Sugathakumari Manalezhuthu
2008 Vishnunarayanan Namboothiri Uttarayanam
2009 P. K. Gopi Sushumnayile Sangeetham
2010 Ettumanoor Somadasan Jalasamadhi
2011 C. Radhakrishnan NA
2012 Attoor Ravi Varma NA
2013 P. P. Ramachandran Katte Kadale
Basheer Award
Year Recipient Work(s)
2008 N. Prabhakaran Thiranhedutha Kathakal (Stories)
2009 Rafeeq Ahammed Aalmara (Poetry)
2010 Sarah Joseph Ooru Kaaval (Novel)
2011 B. Rajeevan Vakkukalum Vasthukkalum (Criticism)
2012 N. S. Madhavan Ente Priyapetta Kathakal (Stories)
2013 Attoor Ravi Varma Attoor Kavithakal (Poetry)
2014 Subhash Chandran Manushyanu Oru Aamukham (Novel)
2015 Kalpatta Narayanan Kavithayude Jeevacharithram (Criticism)
2016 Ashitha Ashithayude Kathakal (Short stories)
2017 Sebastian Prethi Shareeram (Poetry)
2018 V. J. James Nireeshwaran (Novel)
Kerala PSC - List of Joint Military Exercises of India 2019
Name of Exercise Participating Nations Conducted at
'Exercise-SINDU
Indian Army Pokharan, Rajasthan
SUDARSHAN-VII'
KAZIND-2019 India and Kazakhstan Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
Dharma Guardian India and Japan Mizoram
Rajashtan
'Exercise Shakti-2019' India and France
2nd Edition of Samudra
India and Indonesia Bay of Bengal
Shakti
Combat Exercise ‘Him India and China Arunachal Pradesh
Vijay’
Nomadic Elephant-XIV India and Mangolia Bakloh
Visakhapatnam and
“Tiger Triumph” 2019 India and the United States
Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh
‘Chang Thang’ 2019 India and China Eastern Ladakh, China
SITMEX 2019 India, Thailand and Singapore Port Blair
Ekuverin 2019 India and Maldives Pune, Maharashtra
Yudh Abhyas 2019 India and the US Washington
MAITREE-2019 India and Thailand Meghalaya
MALABAR Exercise
India, Japan and the USA Japan
2019
Indo-Thai CORPAT 2019 India and Thailand Thailand
KAZIND-2019 India and Kazakhstan Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
Yudh Abhyas – 2019 India and United States Washington, US
China, Tajikistan, India,
"TSENTR 2019" Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Russia
Pakistan and Uzbekistan
Will conducted in december
"Hand in Hand" India and China
2019 at Umroi, Meghalaya
Warfare Exercise Andaman Island in the Bay
India
"IndSpaceEx" of Bengal
Garuda-VI 2019 Indian Army and French Army Mont de Marsan in France
Indian Army and Royal Oman Jabel AI Akhdar training
AL NAGAH III 2019
Army camp, Oman
Indo-Bangladesh Military
SAMPRITI - 2019 Tangail, Bangladesh
Exercise
INDIA AFRICA FIELD Aundh Military Station and
India and Africa Military
TRAINING EXERCISE College of Military
Exercise
(IAFTX)- 2019 Engineering, Pune
Babina Military Station in
India and Singapore Military
Bold Kurukshetra 2019 Jhansi district of Uttar
Exercise
Pradesh.
SIMBEX 2019 Naval India, Singapore Naval
South China Sea.
Exercises Exercise
Varuna 2019 India-France Naval Exercise Goa Coast
AUSINDEX 2019 India and Australia Vishakhapatnam
Chandimandir Military
IMBEX 2018-19 India and Myanmar
Station
Disaster Control
India and Japan Yokohama in Japan
Exercise
Indian Border Security Force
Mainamati Maitree
(BSF) and Border Guards Sipahijala, Bangladesh
Exercise 2019
Bangladesh (BGB)
Mitra Shakti VI India- Sri Lanka Sri Lanka
2018
Name of Exercise Participating Nations Conducted at
VINBAX 1 India - Vietnam Jabalpur ,Madhya Pradesh
India – United
Vajra Prahar Joint base Lewis mc chord, Seattle Us
States of America
Shakrti - IV India - France Mailly be camp, France
Lamitye VIII India - Seychelles Mahe, Seychelles
Khanjar V India - Krygyzstan VAIRENGTE INDIA
Harimau Shakti India - Malaysia Hulu Langat, Malaysia
Surya Kiran XIII India - Nepal Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
Maitree India - Thailand Chachoengsao Thailand
KAZIND 2018 India – Kazakhstan Otar Region, Kazakhstan
Yudh Abhyas 2018 India – United Chaubattia, Uttarakhand
states
Nomadic Elephant
India – Mongolia Ulaanbaatar
2018
Dharma Guardian India – Japan Vairengte(Mizoram)
Indra 2018 India – Russia Jhansi, UP
Vajra Prahar India – USA Bikaner, Rajasthan
Hand in Hand India - China Chengdu, China
INDRA NAVY
India - Russia Visakhapatnam coast, Andhra Pradesh
maritime
Konkan 18 Naval India- United
Goa
Exercise Kingdom
Samudra Shakti India- Indonesia Surabaya, Indonesia
INDO CORPAT India- Indonesia Indonesia
JIMEX-18 India- Japan Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
SLINEX-2018 India and Sri Lanka Trincomalee, Sri Lanka
Mainamati Maitree Srimantapur in Sipahijala district,
Indian BSF and BGB
Exercise 2019 bordering Comilla district in Bangladesh.
MALABAR Naval
Japan India U.S Guam (pacific ocean )
Exercise
Sahyog HOP TAC
India-Vietnam Bay of Bengal
2018 Naval Exercise
Sea Vigil Naval Indian Navy and
Kochi
Exercise Coast Guard
List of Nicknames of Eminent Persons
Photo Person Nickname
Benito Mussolini 2nd Duce
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Ajatshatru
Zainul Abdin Akbar of Kashmir
Tanguturi Prakasam Andhra Kesari
C.N. Annadurai Anna
Jagjeevan Ram Babuji
Sheikh Mujibul Rahman Bangabandhu
Mahatma Gandhi Bapu
William Shakespeare Bard of Avon
Ashutosh Mukherji Bengal Kesari
Dr. Srikrishna Singh Bihar Kesari
Dr. Anugrah Narayan Singh Bihar Vibhuti
Jawaharlal Nehru Chacha
C.F. Andrews Deenbandhu
Gen Ervin Rommel Desert Fox
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Desh Ratna
Chitta Ranjan Das Deshbandhu
Yatindra Mohan Sengupta Deshpriya
Geoffrey Chaucer Father of English Poetry
Ravi Shankar Maharaj Father of Gujarat
Mahatma Gandhi Father of the Nation
Khan Abdul Gaffer Khan Frontier Gandhi, Bad shah Khan
Adolf Hitler Fuehrer
George Bernard Shaw G.B.S
William E. Gladstone Grand Old man of Britain
Dadabhai Naoroji Grand Old man of India
Dhundiraj Govind Phalke Grandfather of Indian Films
Rabindranath Tagore Gurudev
M.S. Golvalkar Guruji
Kapil Dev Haryana Hurricane
Karpuri Thakur Jana Nayak
Rabindranath Tagore Kaviguru
Earl of Warwick King Maker
Sayyed Bandhu King Maker of Indian History
K.V. Puttappa Kuvempu
Florence Nightingale Lady with the lamp
Napoleon Bonaparte Little Corporal
Sunil Gavaskar Little Master
Bal Gangadhar Tilak Lokmanya
Jayaprakash Narayan Loknayak
Chanakya Machiavelli of India
Dhyan Chand Magician of Hockey
Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya Mahamana
Joan of Arc Maid of Orleans
Queen Elizabeth I Maiden Queen
Otto Van Bismarck Man of Blood and Iron
Napoleon Bonaparte Man of Destiny
Lal Bahadur Shastri Man of Peace
Raja Ram Mohan Roy Morning Star of India Renaissance
Mother Teresa Mother
Samudra Gupta Napoleon of India
Subhash Chandra Bose Netaji
Sarojini Naidu Nightingale of India
Lala Lajpat Rai Punjab Kesari
Md. Ali Jinnah Quaid-i-Azam
Chakravarti Rajagopalachari Rajaji/C.R.
Purushottam Das Tandon Rajarshee
Bhagat Singh Sahid-e-Azam
Vallabhbhai Patel Sardar
Mahakavi Kalidas Shakespeare of India
Sheikh Abdullah Sher-e-Kashmir
Major General Rajinder Singh Sparrow
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Strong (Iron) Man of India
Lata Mangeshkar Swar Kokila
Amir Khushro Tota-e-Hind
Ho Chi Min Uncle Ho
Rabindranath Tagore Vishwa Kavi
Chandra Shekhar Young Turk
PSC - List of Nicknames of Indian Cities
Name of the City Nicknames State
1. City of Taj
Agra Uttar Pradesh
2. Petha Nagari
1. Boston of India
Ahmedabad Gujarat
2. Manchester of India
Amritsar Golden City of India Punjab
Asansol Land of Black Diamond West Bengal
Auroville City of Dawn Pondicherry
Alappuzha Venice of the East Kerala
1. Electronic City of India
2. Garden City of India
3. IT Capital of India
Bengaluru Karnataka
4. Science City of India
5. Silicon Valley of India
6. Space City
Bhagalpur The Silk City of India Bihar
Bhopal City of Lakes Madhya Pradesh
1. City of Prawns
Bhimavaram Andhra Pradesh
2. Second Bardoli of India
Bhubaneswar Temple City of India Odisha
Bardoli Butter City Gujarat
Bhilai Steel City of India Chhattisgarh
Chandigarh The City Beautiful Chandigarh
1. Auto Hub of India
2. Detroit of Asia
3. Gateway of South India
Chennai Tamil Nadu
4. Health Capital of India
5. Banking Capital of India
6. Motor city of India
1. Textile City of India
2. Manchester of South India
Coimbatore Tamil Nadu
3. Capital of Kongunadu
4. Engineering City of India
Coorg Scotland of India Karnataka
Cuttack Silver City Odisha
Darjeeling Queen of the Hills West Bengal
Dhanbad The Coal Capital of India Jharkhand
Dibrugarh Tea city of India Assam
Dispur City of Temples Assam
Durgapur Rur of India West Bengal
Dharmavaram Silk City of Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh
Gandhinagar Green City Gujarat
1. City of Chillies
Guntur Andhra Pradesh
2. City of Spices
Guwahati Gateway of North East India Assam
Gurgaon Millennium City Haryana
1. City of Pearls
2. City of Nizams
Hyderabad 3. Hightech City Telangana
4. World Capital of Biryani
5. Bangle City
Indore Mini Mumbai Madhya Pradesh
Ichalkaranji Manchester of Maharashtra Maharashtra
Itanagar Land of Rising Sun Arunachal Pradesh
1. City of Palaces
Jaipur 2. Paris of India Rajasthan
3. Pink City
Jaisalmer Golden City of India Rajasthan
1. Pittsburgh of India
Jamshedpur Jharkhand
2. Steel City of India
1. Blue City
Jodhpur Rajasthan
2. Sun City
Jagdalpur Tourism capital of Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh
1. City of Kaja
Kakinada Andhra Pradesh
2. Pensioners Paradise
1. Leather city of the world
Kanpur Uttar Pradesh
2. Manchester of North India
Jammu and
Kashmir Switzerland of India
Kashmir
1. Gateway to Kerala
Kochi 2. Queen of the Arabian Sea Kerala
3. Garden of Spices
1. City of Joy
2. City of Palaces
Kolkata West Bengal
3. Cultural Capital of India
4. Gateway of Eastern India
5. Heaven of the Aged
6. City of Castles
7. City of Buildings
Kolhapur City of Wrestlers Maharashtra
1. Cashew Capital of the world
Kollam 2. Gateway to Backwaters Kerala
3. Prince of Arabian Sea
Korba Power Hub of India Chhattisgarh
Kanker Gateway of Bastar Chhattisgarh
Kozhikode City of Spices Kerala
1. City of Letters(Aksharanagiri)
2. City of Murals
Kottayam Kerala
3. City of Latex
4. City of Lakes
1. Land of Palm Trees
Kasaragod Kerala
2. Rice bowl of Kerala
1. City of Nawabs
2. Constantinople of the East
Lucknow Uttar Pradesh
3. Shraz-e-Hind
4. The Golden City of India
1. Athens of the East
2. City of Festivals
Madurai 3. City of four junctions Tamil Nadu
4. Sleepless City
5. Temple city
Malda Mango city West Bengal
1. Cradle of Indian Banking
Mangalore 2. Gateway of Karnataka Karnataka
3. Rome of the east
Muzzaffarpur Lychee City Bihar
1. Sports Capital of India
Meerut Uttar Pradesh
2. Scissor City
Madanapalli Andhra Ooty Andhra Pradesh
1. City of Dreams
2. City of seven Islands
3. Financial Capital of India
Mumbai 4. Gateway of India Maharashtra
5. Hollywood of India
6. Maximum city
7. Maya Nagari
Mundi Power Hub city Madhya Pradesh
1. Queen of the Mountains
Mussoorie Uttarakhand
2. Hill Queen city
1. Green city
Mysore 2. Heritage City Karnataka
3. Sandal Wood city
Nagpur Orange City Maharashtra
Nainital City of Lakes Uttarakhand
1. California of India
Nasik 2. Grape city of India Maharashtra
3. Wine capital of India
New Delhi City of Rallies Delhi
Nilgiri Blue Mountains Tamil Nadu
Namakkal Egg city Tamil Nadu
Noida IT Capital of NCR Tamil Nadu
Nalanda Land of Knowledge Bihar
Patiala Royal City Punjab
1. City of Handloom
Panipat Haryana
2. City of Weaers
1. City of Diamonds
Palanpur Gujarat
2. Flower city
Pondicherry City of the East Puducherry
1. Abode of the God
Prayagraj 2. City of Prime Ministers Uttar Pradesh
3. Sangam City
Pune Queen of Deccan Maharashtra
Piduguralla Lime city Andhra Pradesh
Purulia Manbhum City West Bengal
Rajahmundry Cultural city Andhra Pradesh
1. City of Sages
Rishikesh Uttrakhand
2. Yoga City
1. City of Hospitality
Siliguri West Bengal
2. Gateway to the doors
Shillong Scotland of East Meghalaya
Jammu and
Srinagar City of Lakes
Kashmir
1. City of Diamonds
Surat 2. Diamond city of India Gujarat
3. Textile City of India
Tenali Andhra Paris Andhra Pradesh
Tezpur City of Blood Assam
Thane City of Lakes Maharashtra
1. Rock Fort City
Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu
2. Tucker Trichy
1. City of Paddy fields
Tirunelveli 2. Halwa city of India Tamil Nadu
3. Oxford city of South India
1. Pearl City
Tuticorin Tamil Nadu
2. Pearl Harbor of India
1. City of Statues
Trivandrum Kerala
2. Evergreen City of India
1. Spiritual Capital of India
Tirupati 2. Spiritual Capital of Andhra Andhra Pradesh
Pradesh
1. The Cultural Capital of Kerala
2. Land of Poorams
Thrissur Kerala
3. The Land of Vadakkumnathan
4. Gold Capital of India
1. City of Lakes
Udaipur 2. Venice of the East Rajasthan
3. White City
Ujjain City of Temples Madhya Pradesh
1. Banyan City
2. Cultural city of India
Vadodara Gujarat
3. Sayaji Nagari
4. World Capital of Garba
Vaniyambadi Leather City of South India Tamil Nadu
1. City of Lights
2. City of Temples
3. City of Learning
Varanasi 4. Holy City Uttar Pradesh
5. Oldest living city on Earth
6. Religious Capital of India
7. Spiritual Capital of India
Vijayawada The Place of Victory Andhra Pradesh
Visakhapatnam City of Destiny Andhra Pradesh
1. City of Lakes
Warangal 2. City of Temples Telangana
3. Second city of Nizam
Yavatmal Cotton City Maharashtra
Yercaud Poor Man's Ooty Tamil Nadu
Zunheboto Land of Warriors Nagaland
Kerala PSC - List of Satellites Launched by ISRO
Name Keynotes
2019
It is an earth observation spy satellite. It is dubbed as an
RISAT-2B all-weather 'spy' satellite because it can take pictures of
earth in day, night and cloudy weather.
It was launched In 2012. Radar Satellite-1 (RISAT-1)
enables imaging of the surface features during both day
RISAT-1
and night under all weather conditions.
It is used for Electromagnetic spectrum measurement. It
is the country’s first electronic surveillance satellite. It
EMISAT (436 kg)
also has a special altimeter called ‘AltiKa’ that works in
the Ka-band microwave region of the spectrum.
India’s telecommunication satellite. It will provide
GSAT-31 (2536 kg) continuity to operational services on some of the in-orbit
satellites.
Microsat-R It is an imaging satellite, is meant for military purposes.
Kalamsat-V2 (1.26 kg) It is world's lightest satellite, made by Indian students,
2018
It is India’s 35th satellite built to provide communication
GSAT-7A
capability to the users in Ku-band over the Indian region.
It is the heaviest satellite built by ISRO. It is India’s
GSAT-11 Mission (5854 kg)
next generation high throughput communication satellite
It is an earth observation satellite. The primary goal of
HysIS is to study the earth’s surface in the visible, near
HysIS (380 kg)
infrared and shortwave infrared regions of the
electromagnetic spectrum.
It is a multi-beam, multiband communication satellite of
GSAT-29 (3423 kg)
India
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)
IRNSS-1A to 1I constitues 7 satellites launched from 2013 to 2018. All
the seven satellites serve the navigation purpose.
It is also a series of earth observation satellites that were
launched between 2016 to 2018. The satellelites provide
Cartosat-2 Series Satellite
regular remote sensing services using Panchromatic and
Multi-spectral cameras.
2016
It third in the series of RESOURCESAT satllites for
RESOURCESAT-2A
intended for resource monitoring
Launched in 2011, It is a Remote Sensing satellite
RESOURCESAT-2,
intended for resource monitoring
Launched in 2003. It is a Remote Sensing satellite
RESOURCESAT-1
intended for resource monitoring
It aims to provide wind vector data products for weather
SCATSAT-1 (371 kg) forecasting, cyclone detection and tracking services to
the users.
is an advanced meteorological satellite of India
INSAT-3DR configured with an imaging System and an Atmospheric
Sounder
It is predecessor of INSAT-3DR. It was launched in
2013. It is an advanced weather satellite of India
INSAT-3D
configured with improved Imaging System and
Atmospheric Sounder.
2015
It is India’s first dedicated multi wavelength space
observatory. It endeavours for a more detailed
Astrosat understanding of our universe.It also enables the
simultaneous multi-wavelength observations of various
astronomical objects with a single satellite.
2013
The Satellite with ARGOS and ALTIKA (SARAL) is a
joint Indo-French satellite mission for oceanographic
SARAL studies. SARAL performs altimetric measurements
designed to study ocean circulation and sea surface
elevation.
2009
It is envisaged to provide continuity of operational
Oceansat-2 (960 kg) services of Oceansat-1(IRS-P4) with enhanced
application potential.
2008
India's first mission to Moon. The orbit initially was 100
Chandrayaan-1 (1380 kg) km which now has been raised to 200 km during May
2009.
2005
HAMSAT is a Micro-satellite for providing satellite
based Amateur Radio services to the national as well as
HAMSAT
the international community of Amateur Radio Operators
(HAM).
2004
EDUSAT GSAT-3, known as EDUSAT is meant for distant class
room education from school level to higher education.
This was the first dedicated "Educational Satellite" that
provide the country with satellite based two way
communication to class room for delivering educational
materials.
2002
It was earlier known as METSAT. It was renamed as
Kalpana - 1 on February 5, 2003 after the Indian born
American Astronaut Dr. Kalpana Chawla, who died on
KALPANA-1
February 1, 2003 in the US Space Shuttle Columbia
disaster. It is the first in the series of exclusive
meteorological satellites built by ISRO.
1981
It was an experimental spin stabilized satellite designed
Rohini Satellite RS-D1
with a power handling capability of 16W.
1979-1981
The First Experimental Remote Sensing Satellite built in
Bhaskara-I and Bhaskara II India to conduct earth observation experiments for
applications related to hydrology, forestry, and geology
1975
The Aryabhata spacecraft, named after the famous Indian
astronomer, was India's first satellite; it was completely
Aryabhata designed and fabricated in India and launched by a
Soviet Kosmos-3M rocket from Kapustin Yar on April
19, 1975.
List of Tiger reserves in India
S.No. Tiger Reserve State Total Area (km2)
1. Bandipur Karnataka 1456
2. Jim Corbett Uttarakhand 1288
3. Kanha Madhya Pradesh 2052
4. Manas Assam 3151
5. Melghat Maharashtra 2769
6. Palamau Jharkhand 1130
7. Rathambore Rajasthan 1411
8. Similipal Odisha 2750
9. Sunderbans West Bengal 2585
10. Periyar Kerala 925
11. Sariska Rajasthan 1213
12. Buxa West Bengal 758
13. Indravati Chhattisgarh 2799
14. Namdapha Arunachal Pradesh 2053
15. Dudhwa Uttar Pradesh 2202
16. Kalakkad-Mundanthurai Tamil Nadu 1602
17. Valmiki Bihar 899
18. Pench Madhya Pradesh 1180
19. Tadoba Maharashtra 1728
20. Bandhagarh Madhya Pradesh 1598
21. Panna Madhya Pradesh 1579
22. Dampa Mizoram 988
23. Bhadra Karnataka 1064
24. Pakhui Arunachal Pradesh 1198
26. Nameri Assam 344
27. Satpura Madhya Pradesh 2133
28. Anamalai Tamil Nadu 1480
29. Udanti-Sitanadi Chattisgarh 1843
30. Stakosia Odisha 964
31. Kaziranga Assam 1174
32. Achanakmar Chhattisgarh 914
33. Kali Karnataka 1098
34. Sanjay-Dubri Madhya Pradesh 1675
35. Mudumalai Tamil Nadu 689
36. Nagarahole Karnataka 1206
37. Parambikulam Kerala 644
38. Sahyadri Maharashtra 1166
39. Biligiriranga Karnataka 575
40. Kawal Telangana 2019
41. Sathyamangalam Tamil Nadu 1408
42. Mukandra Hills Rajasthan 760
43. Nawegaon-Nagzira Maharashtra 1895
44. Magarjunsagar-Srisailam Andhra Pradesh 3296
45. Amrabad Telangana 2611
46. Pilibhit Uttar Pradesh 730
47. Bor Maharashtra 816
48. Rajaji Uttarakhand 1075
49. Orang Assam 492
50. Kamlang Arunachal Pradesh 783
List of Unique Phobias
Name Phobia
Achluophobia Fear of darkness
Acrophobia Fear of heights
Aerophobia Fear of flying
Algophobia Fear of pain
Alektorophobia Fear of chickens
Agoraphobia Fear of public spaces or crowds
Aichmophobia Fear of needles or pointed objects
Amaxophobia Fear of riding in a car
Androphobia Fear of men
Anginophobia Fear of angina or choking
Anthophobia Fear of flowers
Anthropophobia Fear of people or society
Aphenphosmphobia Fear of being touched
Arachnophobia Fear of spiders
Arithmophobia Fear of numbers
Astraphobia Fear of thunder and lightning
Ataxophobia Fear of disorder or untidiness
Atelophobia Fear of imperfection
Atychiphobia Fear of failure
Autophobia Fear of being alone
B
Bacteriophobia Fear of bacteria
Barophobia Fear of gravity
Bathmophobia Fear of stairs or steep slopes
Batrachophobia Fear of amphibians
Belonephobia Fear of pins and needles
Bibliophobia Fear of books
Botanophobia Fear of plants
C
Cacophobia Fear of ugliness
Catagelophobia Fear of being ridiculed
Catoptrophobia Fear of mirrors
Chionophobia Fear of snow
Chromophobia Fear of colors
Chronomentrophobia Fear of clocks
Claustrophobia Fear of confined spaces
Coulrophobia Fear of clowns
Cyberphobia Fear of computers
Cynophobia Fear of dogs
D
Dendrophobia Fear of trees
Dentophobia Fear of dentists
Domatophobia Fear of houses
Dystychiphobia Fear of accidents
E
Ecophobia Fear of the home
Elurophobia Fear of cats
Entomophobia Fear of insects
Ephebiphobia Fear of teenagers
Equinophobia Fear of horses
F, G
Gamophobia Fear of marriage
Genuphobia Fear of knees
Glossophobia Fear of speaking in public
Gynophobia Fear of women
H
Heliophobia Fear of the sun
Hemophobia Fear of blood
Herpetophobia Fear of reptiles
Hydrophobia Fear of water
Hypochondria Fear of illness
I-K
Iatrophobia Fear of doctors
Insectophobia Fear of insects
Koinoniphobia Fear of rooms full of people
L
Leukophobia Fear of the color white
Lilapsophobia Fear of tornadoes and hurricanes
Lockiophobia Fear of childbirth
N
Mageirocophobia Fear of cooking
Megalophobia Fear of large things
Melanophobia Fear of the color black
Microphobia Fear of small things
Mysophobia Fear of dirt and germs
N
Necrophobia Fear of death or dead things
Noctiphobia Fear of the night
Nosocomephobia Fear of hospitals
Nyctophobia Fear of the dark
O
Obesophobia Fear of gaining weight
Octophobia Fear of the figure 8
Ombrophobia Fear of rain
Ophidiophobia Fear of snakes
Ornithophobia Fear of birds
P
Papyrophobia Fear of paper
Pathophobia Fear of disease
Pedophobia Fear of children
Philophobia Fear of love
Phobophobia Fear of phobias
Podophobia Fear of feet
Pogonophobia Fear of beards
Porphyrophobia Fear of the color purple
Pteridophobia Fear of ferns
Pteromerhanophobia Fear of flying
Pyrophobia Fear of fire
Q-S
Samhainophobia Fear of Halloween
Scolionophobia Fear of school
Selenophobia Fear of the moon
Sociophobia Fear of social evaluation
Somniphobia Fear of sleep
T
Tachophobia Fear of speed
Technophobia Fear of technology
Tonitrophobia Fear of thunder
Trypanophobia Fear of needles or injections
U-Z
Venustraphobia Fear of beautiful women
Verminophobia Fear of germs
Wiccaphobia Fear of witches and witchcraft
Xenophobia Fear of strangers or foreigners
Zoophobia Fear of animals
Natural Acids of Fruits and Vegetables
Fruits
Name Acid Present
Apples Malic
Apricots Malic and Citric
Avocados Tartaric Acid
Banana Malic
Blackberries Isocitric
Cranberries Citric
Figs Citric
Gooseberries Citric
Grapes Malic and Tartaric
Kumquat Citric
Lemons Citric
Orange Citric
Passion Fruit Malic
Pears Malic
Pineapples Citric
Raspberry Citric
Rosehip Malic
Strawberries Citric
Vegetables
Name Acid Present
Beans Citric
Broccoli Malic
Mushrooms Lactarimic
Potatoes Malic
Rhubarb Malic
Tomatoes Malic
Office Holders in India
Portrait Office Name
President of India Ramnath Kovind
Vice President of India Venkaiah Naidu
Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi
Chief Justice of India Sharad Arvind Bobde
Speaker of the Lok Sabha Om Birla
Chief Election Commissioner Sunil Arora
Comptroller and Auditor General of India Rajiv Mehrishi
Chairman of UPSC Arvind Saxena
Attorney General of India K. K. Venugopal
Chairman Public Accounts Committee Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury
Cabinet Secretary of India Rajiv Gauba
Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister Pramod Kumar Misra
Secretary General of the Lok Sabha Snehlata Shrivastava
Secretary-General of the Rajya Sabha Desh Deepak Verma
National Security Adviser Ajit Doval
Home Secretary Ajay Kumar Bhalla
Finance Secretary Rajiv Kumar
Defence Secretary Ajay Kumar
Foreign Secretary Vijay Keshav Gokhale
Solicitor General of India Tushar Mehta
Principal Scientific Adviser K. VijayRaghavan
Chief Economic Adviser Krishnamurthy Subramanian
Chairman, NHRC of India H. L. Dattu
Chairman, Department of Space K Sivan
Chairman, University Grants Commission D. P. Singh
Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission K. N. Vyas
Chairperson, CBSE Anita Karwal
Chairman, 15th Finance Commission of India N. K. Singh
Governor, Reserve Bank of India Shaktikanta Das
Chairman, SEBI Ajay Tyagi, IAS
Chairman, IRDA of India Subhash Chandra Khuntia
Chairman, National Stock Exchange Ashok Chawla
Chairman, Bombay Stock Exchange Sethuratnam Ravi
Chief of the Army Staff General Bipin Rawat
Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral Karambir Singh
Air Chief Marshal RKS
Chief of the Air Staff
Bhadauria
Director, Intelligence Bureau Arvind Kumar, IPS
Director, Central Bureau of Investigation Rishi Kumar Shukla, IPS
Secretary, Research and Analysis Wing Samant Goel, IPS
Director General, Border Security Force Rajni Kant Mishra, IPS
Director General, Central Reserve Police
Force Rajiv Rai Bhatnagar, IPS
Scientific Instruments and their uses
01. Accumulator It is used to store electrical energy
02. Altimeter It measures altitudes and is used in aircraft.
03. Ammeter It measures strength of electric current (in amperes).
04. Anemometer It measures force and velocity of the wind.
05. Audiometer It measures the intensity of sound.
06. Audiphones It is used for improving the imperfect sense of hearing.
07. Barograph It is used for continuous recording of atmospheric pressu
08. Barometer It measures atmospheric pressure.
09. Binocular It is used to view distant objects
10. Bolometer It measures heat radiation
11. Calorimeter It measures the quantity of heat.
12. Carburettor It is used in an internal combustion engine for charging
with petrol vapor.
13. Cardiogram It traces movements of the heart, recorded on a cardiogra
14. Chronometer It determines the longitude of a place kept the onboard s
It is an instrument used in cinema making to throw on scr
15. Cinematography
and enlarged image of the photograph.
16. Colorimeter An instrument for comparing intensities of color.
An instrument to change or remove the direction of an ele
17. Commutator current, in dynamo used to convert alternating current in
direct current.
18. Cresco graph It measures the growth in plants.
19. Cyclotron A charged particle accelerator which can accelerate charged
particles to high energies.
20. Dynamo It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy<
21. Dynamometer It measures force, torque, and power
22. Electroscope It detects the presence of an electric charge.
23. Endoscope It examines internal parts of the body.
A glass tube for measuring volume changes in chemical
24. Eudiometer reactions between gases.
25. Fathometer It measures the depth of the ocean.
26. Galvanometer It measures the electric current of low magnitude.
27. Hydrometer It measures the speci c gravity of liquids.
28. Hydrophone It measures sound under water.
29. Hygrometer It measures humidity in the air.
30. Kymograph It graphically records physiological movements (Blood pressure
and heartbeat).
31. Lactometer It determines the purity of milk.
32. Manometer It measures the pressure of gases.
33. Mariner’s It is an instrument used by the sailors to determine the
compass direction.
34. Microphone It converts the sound waves into electrical vibrations and to
magnify the sound.
35. Microscope It is used to obtain the magni ed view of small objects.
An instrument by which the distance covered by wheeled
36. Odometer vehicles is measured.
37. Periscope It is used to view objects above sea level (used in submarines)
38. Phonograph An instrument for producing sound.
The instrument compares the luminous intensity of the source
39. Photometer of light
40. Potentiometer It is used for comparing electromotive force of cells.
41. Pyrometer It measures very high temperature.
A highly accurate clock used in astronomical observations and
42. Quartz Clock other precision work
Radio, angle, detection, and range is used to detect the
43. Radar direction and range of an approaching airplane by means of
radio microwaves
44. Radiometer It measures the emission of radiant energy.
45. Rain Gauge An apparatus for recording rainfall at a particular place.
46. Recti er An instrument used for the conversion of AC into DC.
47. Refractometer It measures refractive index.
48. Saccharimeter It measures the amount of sugar in the solution.
49. Salinometer It determines the salinity of solution.
50. Seismograph It measures the intensity of earthquake shocks.
This is used by navigators to nd the latitude of a place by
51. Sextant measuring the elevation above the horizon of the sun or
another star.
Gallantry Awards in Indian
Param Vir Chakra :
It is the highest decoration of valour, that is awarded for the most conspicuous
bravery, some daring, prominent act of valour or self-sacri ce in the presence of the
enemy on land, sea or air. It is the highest Award to be conferred in War.
The decoration of Param Veer Chakra is worn on left breast with plain purple coloured
riband of given width. The decoration of PVC is made of circular bronze structure with
different details embossed on both sides.
So far, since its inception, 21 Param Vir Chakra Award has been conferred upon the
Brave Sons of the nation. 14 of them have been awarded posthumously.
Maha Vir Chakra :
Mahavir Chakra is the second highest decoration in India. It is awarded for acts of
conspicuous gallantry in the presence of the enemy, weather on land, sea or air.
The decoration is made of standard silver in circular shape. It has “Mahavir Chakra”
embossed in Hindi and English. It is worn on left breast with a half white and half
orange riband with orange being near the left shoulder.
So far, 155 Mahavir Chakra Award have been conferred.
Vir Chakra :
Vir Chakra is third highest decoration awarded for acts of gallantry in the face of the
enemy on land, sea or air.
The decoration of “Veer Chakra” is made of standard silver with circular shape with its
name embossed in Hindi and English. It is worn on left breast with half blue and half
orange riband, where orange is nearer the left shoulder.
Peace-time Gallantry Awards:
The following awards are given for services rendered during peace time.
Ashok Chakra :
Ashok Chakra is the highest Peacetime gallantry award, equivalent to Param Veer
Chakra. It is awarded for the most conspicuous bravery, daring act of valour, or self-
sacri ce on land, sea, or air.
Apart from members of armed forces, paramilitary forces, police forces, civilians from
all walks of life are also eligible for this award.
It is worn on the left breast with a green silk riband with orange vertical line in middle.
The Ashoka Chakra is made of gilt gold and circular shape with Ashoka Chakra
embossed on one side and a replica of Ashok Chakra on obverse.
Till date, 63 people have been awarded with Ashoka Chakra by the President of India.
Kirti Chakra :
The Kirti Chakra is awarded for conspicuous gallantry. It is made up of standard silver
in circular shape. It is worn on the left breast with green silk riband divided into equal
segments by two orange vertical lines.
Earlier it was known as Ashoka Chakra class II, before 1967.
Shaurya Chakra :
The Shaurya Chakra is awarded for an act of gallantry. It is exactly like the Ashok
Chakra, except that it is made of bronze. Even civilians are also eligible for this award.
Earlier it was known as Ashok Chakra Class III.