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Kerala PSC Indian Economy Book Study Materials Page 508
Book's First Page19.4 ndian onom (xi) compilation of data or information on The Agreement comprises of 29 articles and is sustainable development; and supported by 139 decisions of the COP. It covers (xii) effective follow-up and review all the crucial areas identified as essential for a architecture. comprehensive and balanced agreement, including In comparison to the MDGs, the SDGs are mitigation, adaptation, loss and damage, finance, very comprehensive with provisions of indicators technology development and transfer, capacity for all of its 169 targets which need a proper building and transparency of action and support. monitoring mechanism—a challenge for the A marked departure from the past is the countries of the world. Financing the goals will be Agreement’s bottom-up approach, allowing another challenge in this regard. each nation to submit its own national plan for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, rather than inDiA AnD the sDgs trying to repeat a top-down approach advocated India’s draft national SDG indicators are by the Kyoto Protocol, giving each country an being developed by Ministry of Statistics and emission reduction target. Salient features of the Programme Implementation with inputs from Agreement3: Central Ministries and various other stakeholders (i) It acknowledges the development and are now at an advanced stage of finalization. imperatives of developing countries by Going forward, a monitoring and reporting system recognising their right to development will be set up to regularly take stock of the and their efforts to harmonize it with implementation process and generate credible the environment, while protecting the information and evidence on progress of the interests of the most vulnerable. SDGs with the base year as 2016. In the process (ii) It seeks to enhance the ‘implementation of implementation, the NITI Aayog will collect, of the Convention’ while reflecting validate and document best practices. the principles of equity and CBDR- RC (Common but Differentiated parIs aGrEEmEnt (cop 21) Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities), in the light of different The 21st Conference of Parties (COP 21) under national circumstances. the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework (iii) Countries are required to communicate Convention on Climate Change) took place in to the UNFCCC climate action plans Paris by December 2015. The Paris Agreement on known as nationally determined post-2020 actions on climate change will succeed contributions (NDCs) every five years. the Kyoto Protocol. Unlike the Kyoto Protocol, Each Party’s successive NDC will it provides a framework for all countries to take represent a progression beyond the Party’s action against climate change. Placing emphasis then current NDC thereby steadily on concepts like climate justice and sustainable increasing global effort and ambition in lifestyles, the Paris Agreement for the first time the long-term. brings together all nations for a common cause under the UNFCCC. One of the main focus of (iv) It is not mitigation-centric and includes the agreement is to hold the increase in the global other important elements such as average temperature to well below 2°C above pre- adaptation, loss and damage, finance, industrial level and on driving efforts to limit it 3. Ministry of Finance, Economic Survey 2015-16, Vol. even further to 1.5°C. 2, pp. 179–181.