li   inan e in ndia         18.3
               is for the year 2017–18, the Budget will    DeveloPmentAl AnD non-DeveloPmentAl
               give the final/actual data for the year     exPenDiture
               2015-16. After the data either we write
                                                           Total expenditure incurred by the government
               ‘A’, means actual data/final data or write  is classified into two segments—developmental
               nothing (India writes nothing).             and non-developmental. All expenditures of
          (ii) Provisional data of the current year (i.e., productive nature are developmental such as on
               2016–17) since the Budget for 2017–18       the heads of new factories, dams, bridges, roads,
               is presented at the end of the fiscal 2016– railways, etc.—all investments.
               17, it provides Provisional Estimates for        The expenditures which are of consumptive
               this year (shown as ‘PE’ in brackets with   kind and do not involve any production are non-
               the data).                                  developmental, i.e., paying salaries, pensions,
                                                           interest payments, subsidies, defence expenses,
         (iii) Budgetary estimates for the following       etc.
               year (here following year means one
                                                                This classification is not used in the Indian
               year after the year in which the Budget     public finance management now (see Plan and
               is being presented or the year for which    Non-Plan Expenditure, in the next entry).6
               the Budget is being presented, i.e., 2017–
               18). This is shown with the symbol ‘BE’     PlAn AnD non-PlAn exPenDiture
               in brackets with the concerned data.).      Every expenditure incurred on the public
           One comes across certain other kinds of data,   exchequer is classified into two categories—the
     too in day-to-day government economic literature.     plan and the non-plan. All those expenditures
     There are three such data—                            which are done in India in the name of planning
                                                           is the plan expenditure and rest of all are non-
     (i) Revised Estimate (RE)                             plan expenditures. Basically, all asset creating,
                                                           and productive expenditures are planned and all
     Revised Estimate is basically a current estimation    consumptive, non-productive, non-asset building
     of either the budgetary estimates (BE) or             are non-plan expenditures and are developmental
     the provisional estimates (PE). It shows the          and non-developmental expenditures, respectively.
     contemporary situation. It is an interim data.             Since the financial year 1987–88, there
                                                           was a terminology change in Indian public
     (ii) Quick Estimate (QE)
                                                           finance literature when developmental and non-
     Quick Estimate is a kind of revised estimate which    developmental expenditures were replaced by
     shows the most latest situation and is useful in the  the new terms plan and non-plan expenditures,
     process of going for future projections for some      respectively. (It was suggested by the Sukhomoy
     sector or sub-sector. It is an interim data.          Chakravarti Committee.)7
                                                                Meanwhile, a high-power panel headed by
     (iii) Advance Estimate (AE)                           Dr. C. Rangarajan (Chairman, Prime Minister’s
     Advance Estimate is a kind of quick estimate but         6.  MInistry of Finance, Union Budget 1987–88 (New
     done ahead (is advance) of the final stage when              Delhi: Government of India, 1987).
                                                              7.  Review of the Working of the Monetary System, headed
     data should have been collected. It is an interim            by sukhomoy Chaktravarthy, Reserve Bank of India,
     data.                                                        Government of India, New Delhi, 1985.