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Kerala PSC Indian Economy Book Study Materials Page 287
Book's First Pagend str and n rastr t re 9.35 has taken various new initiatives to improve cited by the Economic Survey 2016-17 (quoting urban infrastructure: case studies)67 in this regard—of two different SBM (Swachh Bharat Mission) aims at making time periods: India free from open defecation and at achieving 1. Gurgaon: It was in 2001 when Haryana 100 per cent scientific management of municipal government removed restrictions on the solid waste in 4041 statutory towns/cities in the land acquisition process and empowered country. The targets set for the mission which the HUDA (Haryana Urban Development have to be achieved by 2 October 2019. Authority) and allowed private builders to develop township on the erstwhile HRIDAY (National Heritage City Development agricultural land—and here started the and Augmentation Yojana) aims at preserving development of today’s Gurgaon. Today and revitalizing the soul and unique character of the city is under the control of HUDA, heritage cities in India. In the first phase, it contains 12 cities – Ajmer, Amaravati, Amritsar, Badami, Municipal Corporation of Gurgaon Dwarka, Mathura, Puri, Varanasi, Velankanni, (created in 2008) and the private builders. Kanchipuram, Gaya and Warangal. In Gurgaon, the private sector has stepped in to address many of the failings of the AMRUT (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and public sector, with mixed success: Urban Transformation) aims at improving basic Corrected the failure of the public urban infrastructure in 500 cities/towns which sector by creating private sewage, will be known as mission cities/towns. This is a water, electricity, security and fire Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) funded by prevention. GoI, States and the local bodies. Rapid Metro in Gurgaon was built by A number of other initiatives in the existing DLF and Infrastructure Leasing & scheme of the policy framework have also been Financial Services Limited (IL&FS), taken – public transport through Bus Rapid with HUDA providing the requisite Transit Systems (BRTS) approved for 11 cities land. under the JNNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission); Buses and Metro Rail Roads are of good quality. Projects to be equipped with ITS (Intelligent Shortfall in transport facilities is Transport System). covered by the private modes of transport. PrIvate sector and urBanIsatIon Precisely speaking, private players have addressed most challenges but they have Proper urban planning becomes an important been unable to provide services beyond issue for India as it is urbanising fast. Given the their own property line as cooperation Government push to the Smart City scheme, lacks amongst them and the authorities. it will be needful to tap the potential of every The public authorities have had limited possible candidate in this regard. One of such success in providing the city with large candidate is the private sector. There are few examples where we find the sector able to develop 67. Economic Survey 2016-17 ol. , p. cites the praiseworthy townships—in certain areas beating studies of S. Rajagopalan & A. Tabarrok, Lessons from Gurgaon, India’s Private City, in D. Anderson & the public sector also—though they have their S. oroni d. , Cities and rivate lanning, own limitations, too. Two such cases have been Cheltenham, dward lgar, .