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Kerala PSC Indian Economy Book Study Materials Page 244
Book's First Page8.50 ndian onom severely criticised by the experts and the political The economy has already started having parties in the country. The government is yet to an informed and increased demand in take the final call on the issue. such food items as ‘dietary habits’ are in the process of shift (NSSO, 2014). Food ProcessInG (ii) External dimension to it was also accepted by the government by mid-1990s. As per Indian food processing industry (FPI)81 has not a joint GATT-OECD study, processed grown with the pace which we see in the developed food are supposed to account for around countries—there has been certain reasons for it: 19 per cent of the increased trade after the (i) India has a lower urban population provisions of the WTO are implemented. (around 30 per cent of the population). (iii) A very high percentage of food items (ii) Whatever urban population India has which have short shelf life get wasted in it does not have the typical urban food India. It does not look good for a country habits. As majority of it is second or third which is crippled by the short-supply of generation in the urban areas they still food and high rate of hunger. continue with the non-urban/rural food habits detrimental to the consumption of imPortAnce the agro-precessed items. While increased productivity is an essential (iii) In recent times, there has come enough component of a vibrant agricultural sector, awareness among the population across improved post-harvest handling and processing the country regarding the chemicals is essential to ensure value addition, reduction in which are used in the agro-processing wastage and to make good quality products reach industries—creating a general tendency the markets. Too often, even when the yields are to avoid such food articles (much damage high, producers lose income due to poor post- has been done to the industry by the ‘fast harvest practices. foods’, adulteration in food items such as Aim: Food processing aims to make food more sweets, milk, etc.). digestible, nutritious and extend the shelf life. Due (iv) A wave across the world towards to the seasonal variations high levels of wastage comsuming more ‘which comes on or shortages can arise if adequate measures are plants’ than ‘what is produced in plants’. not taken to preserve and store the food. Food A similar wave of ‘slow food’ has gained processing covers all the processes that food items popularity across Europe and other parts go through from the farm to the consumers’ plate. It of the world originating from France. includes basic cleaning, grading and packaging as Moreover, India’s agro-processing policy in case of fruits and vegetables and also alteration today guided by the following drivers: of the raw material to a stage just before the final (i) As urban population rises and urban preparation. Value addition processes to make food habits evolve, there will be increased ‘ready-to eat’ food like bakery products, instant demand for processed foods as it happened foods, flavored and health drinks, etc., are also across the urbanising developed world. included in this definition. Food processing offers an opportunity for the 81. The analyses are based on several volumes of Economic Survey, India and the relevant documents of the creation of sustainable livelihoods and economic Government of India between the period 2005 and 2015. development for the rural communities. Food