5.28        ndian    onom
              resources to these sectors—‘universal        July 1975. The programme was conceived for
              healthcare’ proposed by it, emphatically.    coordinated and intensive monitoring of a
              Simultaneously, it also points to the need   number of schemes implemented by the Central
              to ensure maximum efficiency in terms        and the state governments. The basic objective
              of outcomes for the resources allocated to   was of improving the quality of life of the people,
              these sectors. The need to harness private   especially of those living below the poverty line.
              investment in these sectors has also been    Under this, a thrust was given to schemes relating
              emphasised by the approach.                  to poverty alleviation, employment generation
        (xii) It takes cognizance of the fact that         in rural areas, housing, education, family welfare
              achieving 9 per cent growth will require     and health, protection of environment and many
              large investments in infrastructure sector   other schemes having a bearing on the quality of
              development—notes greater momentum           life in rural areas.
              to public investment and Public Private            The programme was restructured in 1982
              Partnerships (PPPs) in infrastructure        and 1986. The programme, known as the ‘TPP-
              sector needs to be imparted so that          86’ has 119 items grouped into 20 points which
              present infrastructure shortages can be      are related to the improvement in the quality
              addressed early.                             of life in rural areas. Among the total items, 54
       (xiii) It has emphasised the importance of the      are monitored on the basis of evaluatory criteria,
              process of fiscal correction. However, the   65 against pre-set physical targets and rest of
              paper cautions that fiscal consolidation     the 20 important items on monthly basis. The
              would imply that total resources available   targets are fixed by the Ministries at the Centre
              for the Plan in the short run will be        in consultation with the states and the UTs. The
              limited. Resource limitations imply the      allocation for the programme is done under the
              need to prioritise carefully and that some   various Five Year Plans.
              priority areas, e.g., health, education            The ‘TPP-86’ was restructured and named
              and infrastructure will have to be funded    ‘TPP-2006’ keeping in view the challenges of
              more than others.                            the 21st century with particular reference to
       (xiv) It also emphasizes the need for focusing      the process of economic reforms. This was in
              more on efficient use of available resources harmony with the National Common Minimum
              in view of the resource constraints. The     Programme (NCMP) of the UPA Government.
              Paper makes several suggestions in this            This was the first programme which had
              regard, including giving implementing        ‘direct attack’ approach on rural poverty. The
              agencies greater amount of freedom,          forthcoming five year plan (i.e., the 6th Plan, 1980–
              flexibility,   promoting       convergence   85), launched with the slogan “Garibi Hatao”, was
              between resources from different Plan        based on the experiences of the TPP—a right mix
              schemes and the need for much greater        of economics and real politic. Over the years, the
              attention to capacity building, monitoring   programme has been implemented uninterrupted
              and accountability.                          by all political parties which came to power at the
                                                           Centre.
     b. tWenty-Point ProgrAmme                                   By mid-2015, the Ministry of Statistics and
     The Twenty Point Programme (TPP) is the               Programme Implementation (MOSPI), which
     second Central Plan which was launched in             monitors the programme, in a report to the Prime