Layers of the sun
              Physical characteristics
Age                        4.57 billion years
Mean diameter              1.392684×106 km
                           6.96342×105 km
Equatorial radius
                           109 × Earth
                           6.0877×1012 km2
Surface area
                           11,990 × Earth
                           1.412×1018 km3
Volume
                           1,300,000 × Earth
                           1.9891×1030 kg
Mass
                           333,000 × Earth
                           Center (modeled):
                           ~ 1.57×107 K
Temperature                Photosphere (effective):
                           ~ 5,778 K
                           Corona: ~ 5×106 K
                  Observation data
Mean distance              1.496×108 km
from Earth                 8 min 19 s at light speed
Visual brightness (V)      −26.74
Absolute magnitude         4.83
Metallicity                Z = 0.0122
Angular size               31.6′ – 32.7′
               Orbital characteristics
Mean distance              ~2.7×1017 km
from Milky Way core        27,200 light-years
Galactic period            (2.25–2.50)×108 a
              Rotation characteristics
                           7.25° (to the ecliptic)
Obliquity                  67.23°
                           (to the galactic plane)
Sidereal rotation period
                           25.05 days
(at equator)
                           25.38 days
(at 16° latitude)
                           25 d 9 h 7 min 12 s
(at poles)                 34.4 days
                                                            659