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Kerala PSC General Science Book Study Materials Page 658
Book's First Page Small Solar System body (SSSB) - It is an object in the Solar System that is neither a planet, nor a dwarf planet, nor a satellite. Dwarf planet It is a planetary-mass object that is neither a planet nor a satellite. Dwarf planets orbit our sun, a star. Most are located in the Kuiper Belt, a region of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune. Pluto, one of the largest and most famous dwarf planets, is about 5.9 billion km or 39.48 AU away from the sun. Dwarf planet Ceres is in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Major dwarf planets are Ceres, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake & Eris. Satellites A satellite is a celestial body that orbits another body. There are two types of satellites. These are Natural satellites and Artificial satellites. Natural satellites are objects which are formed by nature such as the moon. There are 173 known natural satellites orbiting planets in the Solar System. Artificial satellites are manufactured objects that continuously go round the Earth or some other body in space. The first artificial satellite was Sputnik I. Asteroids and Planetoids Asteroids are also known as minor planets. They are made up of much of the same stuff as planets, but they are much smaller. The largest asteroids are called planetoids. Asteroids become darker and redder with age due to space weathering. Examples of some asteroids are Apophis, Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, Ida, Eros, Gaspra, etc. 99942 Apophis It is a near-Earth asteroid. The diameter of Apophis is approximately 325 meters. The probability of an impact of Apophis on earth on April 13, 2036 has been eliminated. Meteoroid It is a small rocky or metallic body travelling through space. They are significantly smaller than asteroids, and range in size from small grains to 1 meter- wide objects. The visible streak of light from space debris is the result of heat as it enters a planet"s atmosphere, and the trail of glowing particles that it sheds in its wake is called a meteor, or colloquially a shooting star or falling star. 657