Corolla                                                  Ovary is the enlarged basal part on which
                                                          lies the elongated tube, the style.
   It is the second whorl of a flower.                  The stigma usually at the tip of the style.
   Each member called petal.                            Stigma is the receptive surface for pollen
   Usually brightly colored to attract insect            grain.
    for pollination.                                     Each ovary bears one or more ovules.
   Polypetalous: petals are free.                       Ovule attached to a flattened cushion-like
   Gamopetalous: petals are united or fused.             placenta in the ovary.
                                                         When more than one carpel is present they
Valvate : sepals or petals in a whorl just touch
                                                          may be: Apocarpous: all carpels are free.
one another at the margin, without
                                                          E.g. rose, lotus; Syncarpous: carpels
overlapping. E.g. Calotropis.
                                                          fused. E.g. Tomato mustard.
Twisted : one margin of the appendage                    After fertilization: Ovules develop into
overlaps that of the next one and so on. E.g.             seed ; Ovary developed into fruit.
china rose.
                                                      Marginal: Placenta forms a ridge along the
Imbricate : the margin of sepals or petals            ventral suture of ovary.
overlap one another but not in any particular
                                                      Axile: Margins of carpels fuse to form central
direction as in Cassia and gulmohur.
                                                      axis.
Vexillary : The large petal (standard) overlaps
                                                      Parietal: Ovules develop on inner wall of
the two lateral petals (wings) which in turn
                                                      ovary.
overlap the two smallest anterior petals (keel).
                                                      Free central: Ovules borne on central axis,
Androecium
                                                      lacking septa.
   It is the male sex organ of the flower.
                                                      Basal: Placenta develops at the base of ovary.
   Composed of stamens.
   Each stamen consists of a stalk or filament       Aestivation : It is the mode of arrangement of
    and an anther.                                    sepals or petals in the floral bud with respect
   Each anther is usually bilobed and each           to the other members of the same whorl is
    lobe has two chambers, pollen sac.                known as aestivation.
   Pollen grains are produced inside the
    pollen sacs.                                      Placentation : It is the arrangement of ovules
   A sterile stamen is called staminode.             within the ovary is known as Placentation.
   Epipetalous: stamens attached to the
                                                      FRUIT
    petals. E.g. brinjal.
   Epiphyllous: stamens attached to the                 It is the ripened or matured ovary after
    perianth. E.g. lily.                                  fertilization.
   Polyandrous: stamens are free.                       Parthenocarpic fruits developed from the
   Monoadelphous: stamens united into one                ovary without fertilization.
    bunch or one bundle e.g. China rose.                 Generally fruits consist of a wall or
   Diadelphous: stamens fused to form two                pericarp and seeds.
    bundles as in pea.                                   Pericarp may be dry or fleshy.
   Polyadelphous: stamens fused to form                 Pericarp differentiated into – Outer
    more than two bundles as in citrus.                   epicarp, Middle mesocarp., Inner
                                                          endocarp.
Gynoecium
                                                         Fruit developed from monocarpellary
   It is the female reproductive part of the             superior ovary and are one seeded. Such
    flower.                                               fruit is said to be drupe as in mango and
   Members are called carpel.                            coconut.
   Each carpel has three parts namely stigma,           Edible part of the mango is mesocarp.
    style and ovary.                                     Mesocarp of coconut is fibrous.
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