BOTANY
Botany, also called plant science(s) or plant biology, is the science of plant life and a branch of
biology.
                                     CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS
While there are many ways to structure plant classification, one way is to group them into vascular
and non-vascular plants, seed bearing and spore bearing, and angiosperms and gymnosperms. Plants
can also be classified as grasses, herbaceous plants, woody shrubs, and trees.
Vascular: plants that use roots and stems to              Grasses: plants that have slender leaves and
take in water and nutrients                               reproduce by sending out underground stems
                                                          called rhizomes that usually grow horizontally
Non-vascular: plants that don’t use roots and
stems                                                     Herbaceous plants: those with leaves and
                                                          stems that die at the end of the growing season
Angiosperms: also known as flowering
plants; all have seeds that are protected by an           Woody shrubs: plants that have stems that are
ovule (think of an apple or other fruit).                 covered by a layer of bark
Gymnosperms: a term meaning “naked seed;”                 Trees: woody shrubs that have a main trunk
refers to plants with seeds that aren’t protected         and many branches
by an ovule. Examples are conifers, which
have pinecones.
                             PLANT MORPHOLOGY or Phytomorphology
It is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants.
It is useful in the visual identification of plants.
The concept was put in circulation by the author Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, in the early 1800s.
Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the general term for the study of the internal structure of plants.
Morphology of Flowering Plants
    The flowering plants, also known as
     Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the
     most diverse group of land plants, with
     about 350,000 species.
    Angiosperms are seed-bearing vascular
     plants. Their reproductive structures are
     flowers in which the ovules are enclosed
     in an ovary.
    Adaptation: Any alteration in the
     structure or function of an organism or any
     of its part that results from natural
     selection and by which the organism
     becomes better fitted to survive and                 Basically, the external structure of flowering
     multiply in its environment.                         plant is divided into two systems : root system
                                                          (underground), shoot system (aerial)
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