Medical Instruments/Components
Instrument                   Uses
Stethoscopes                 used to hear sounds from movements within the body like heart
                             beats, intestinal movement, breath sounds, etc.
Reflex testing hammer        to test motor reflexes of the body
(padded)
Sphygmomanometer             to record the patient"s blood pressure
(Blood pressure meter)
A thin beam electric torch   to see into the eye, body"s natural orifices, etc., and to test for pupillary
                             light reflex, etc.
Tongue Depressor             for use in oral examination
Tuning forks                 to test for deafness and to categorize it
Kidney dish                  as a tray for instruments, gauze, tissue, etc.
Bedpan                       for patients who are unconscious or too weak to even sit up of walk to the
                             toilet to defecate
Thermometer                  to record the body temperature
Gas cylinders                supply of oxygen, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, etc.
Oxygen mask or tubes         delivering gases up to the nostrils to assist in oxygen intake or to
                             administer aerosolized or gaseous drugs
Vaporizer                    to produce vapors
Instrument sterilizers       Used to sterilize instruments in absence of an autoclave
Nebulizer                    to produce aerosols of drugs to be administered by respiratory route
Positive pressure ventilator to assist or carry out the mechanical act of inspiration and expiration so
                             that the patient who cannot respire on his / her own may respire; it is a
                             component of "life support"
Cardioverter / Defibrillator to correct arrhythmias of the heart or to start up a heart that is not beating
Dialyser                     to remove toxic materials from the blood that are generally removed by
                             the kidneys; used in case of renal failure
Rubber catheter              to drain and collect urine directly from the bladder (primary use); also to
                             act as a makeshift oxygen tube, etc.
Syringe                      for injections and aspiration of blood or fluid from the body
Sucker                       for sucking up blood or secretions
Spectacles                   for protection of the eyes or for refractive error correction
Enema set                    to passively evacuate the rectum of faeces
Pipettes or droppers         to measure out doses of liquid, specially in children
Ophthalmoscope               to look at the retina
Otoscope                     to look into the external ear cavity
Endoscope                    to look inside the oesophagus, stomach, upper intestines, bile
                             duct, larynx, trachea, bronchi-through the mouth; anal
                             canal, rectum, colon- through anus; used mainly in Surgery or by surgical
                             consultants
Proctoscope                  to look inside anal canal and lower part of the rectum
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