Male                                                    Female
    Reproductive                                            Reproductive
      organs and              Function                       organs with            Function
       Numbers                                                number (s)
                     Pass urine and deposit                                 To produce ova and
                                                            Ovaries (2)
  Penis (2)          sperm in female genital                                hormones.
                     tract.                                                 To move the ovum
                                                            Oviducts (2)
                     Conduct urine and                                      towards uterus.
  Urethra (1)
                     sperms.                                Uterus          To provide space for
                     Produce sperm and                      (womb) (1)      developing child
  Testes (2)
                     testosterone                           Vagina (1)      To receive the sperms.
                     Conduct the sperm from
  Sperm duct (2)
                     the testes to urethra
  Seminal vesicles                                      Menstrual cycle
                     Secrete seminal plasma
  (2)
                     Temporarily store sperm               The menstrual cycle is the preparation of a
  Epididymis (2)
                     and provides mobility
                     Secrete an alkaline fluid              woman"s body for a possible pregnancy.
  Prostate gland     to neutralise the acidity             It starts during puberty (10-14 years) and
  (2)                of urethra and make the                stops permanently at menopause (40-50
                     sperm more active.
                                                            years).
  Cowper"s gland     Secrete an alkaline white
  (2)                lubricating fluid.                    It is also known as “monthly bleeding,” a
                                                            “period,” and menses.
                                                           Each month, one of the ovaries releases an
Female Reproductive System                                  egg - a process called ovulation.
                                                           About 13 mature eggs are released from
                                                            two ovaries of female in a year.
                                                           Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH),
                                                            Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Estrogen and
                                                            Progesterone hormones are involved in the
                                                            Menstrual Cycle.
                                                           On an average menstrual cycle is
                                                            completed in 28 days.
                                                           The entire duration of a Menstrual cycle
                                                            can be divided into four main phases:
                                                        1.  Menstrual phase (From day 1 to 5)
                                                        2.  Follicular phase (From day 1 to 13)
   It contains two main parts: the uterus,             3.  Ovulation phase (Day 14)
    which hosts the developing fetus,                   4.  Luteal phase (From day 15 to 28)
    produces vaginal and uterine secretions,
    and can pass sperm through to the                   Birth Control Methods or Contraception
    Fallopian tubes; and the ovaries, which             Methods
    produce the female"s egg cells.
                                                           Birth      control,    also     known    as
   These parts are internal; the vagina meets
                                                            contraception and fertility control, is a
    the external organs at the vulva, which
                                                            method or device used to prevent
    includes the labia, clitoris and urinary
                                                            pregnancy. The various methods used for
    meatus.
                                                            it are diaphragm, contraceptive pills,
   The vagina is attached to the uterus
                                                            tubectomy, vesectomy, copper-T etc.
    through the cervix, while the uterus is
    attached to the ovaries via the Fallopian
    tubes.
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