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PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 1
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Kerala PSC General Science Book Study Materials Page 438
Book's First PageJoint or Articulation Smooth Muscles or Visceral Muscles It is a junction between two or more bones It is found inside of organs like the or cartilages. stomach, intestines, and blood vessels. It allows to movement (except for skull, The weakest of all muscle tissues, visceral sacral, sternal, and pelvic bones) and muscle makes organs contract to move provide mechanical support, and are substances through the organ. Because classified structurally and functionally. visceral muscle is controlled by the An articulate facet is generally seen as a unconscious part of the brain, it is known small joint, especially used when speaking as involuntary muscle - it cannot be of the joints of the ribs. directly controlled by the conscious mind. Joint Body Location Cardiac Muscles Ball and Shoulder and hip Socket Found only in the heart, cardiac muscle is Vertebra, radio-ulna & responsible for pumping blood throughout Gliding carpals Hinge Ankle, Knee, Elbow the body. Immovable Bone of skull Cardiac muscle tissue cannot be controlled Pivot Radius and humerus consciously, so it is an involuntary muscle. Saddle Metacarpal and carpal While hormones and signals from the Slightly Public bone of pelvic movable girdle brain adjust the rate of contraction, cardiac muscle stimulates itself to contract. The natural pacemaker of the heart is MUSCULAR SYSTEM made of cardiac muscle tissue that stimulates other cardiac muscle cells to It is an organ system consisting of skeletal, contract. smooth and cardiac muscles. Because of its self-stimulation, cardiac It permits movement of the body, muscle is considered to be auto-rhythmic maintains posture, and circulates blood or intrinsically controlled. throughout the body. The muscular system in vertebrates is URINARY SYSTEM or Renal System controlled through the nervous system, although some muscles (such as the It is the system of production, storage and cardiac muscle) can be completely elimination of urine. autonomous. It consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Skeletal Muscles The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine. The ureters, Skeletal muscles form most of the human urinary bladder, and urethra together form body weight. the urinary tract, which acts as a plumbing They are under the control of human will system to drain urine from the kidneys, and all body movements occurring by our store it, and then release it during will are produced by skeletal muscles. urination. They are called skeletal muscles because Besides filtering and eliminating wastes they are almost always found attached to from the body, the urinary system also the skeleton and produce movements in maintains the homeostasis of water, ions, different parts of the skeleton. pH, blood pressure, calcium and red blood cells. 437