Greenhouse Effect                                      Acid Rain
    It is the exchange of incoming and                    It refers to a mixture of wet and dry
     outgoing radiation of greenhouse gases                 deposition (deposited material such as
     that warms the Earth.                                  snow) from the atmosphere containing
    Carbon dioxide, ozone, water vapor,                    higher than normal amounts of nitric and
     methane,             nitorus          oxide,           sulfuric acids.
     chlorofluorocarbons, and a few other gases            It has pH less than 5 due to oxides of
     are greenhouse gases.                                  nitrogen and sulpher. The pH value of
                                                            normal rain water is 5.6.
Global Warming
                                                       Particulate matter
It is the increase of Earth"s average surface
temperature due to effect of greenhouse gases,         It is the sum of all solid and liquid particles
such as carbon dioxide emissions from                  suspended in air, many of which are
burning fossil fuels or from deforestation,            hazardous. This complex mixture contains for
which trap heat that would otherwise escape            instance dust, pollen, soot, smoke, and liquid
from Earth. This is a type of greenhouse               droplets.
effect.
                                                       Smog
It is the gradual increase in the average
temperature of the Earth"s atmosphere and its              Smog is air pollution that reduces
oceans, a change that is believed to be                     visibility.
permanently changing the Earth’s climate.                  It is the mixture of smoke and fog caused
                                                            a major air pollution problem.
Effects of global warming                                  It occurs when emissions from industry,
                                                            motor vehicles, incinerators, open burning
    Increase of temperature on the earth by
                                                            and other sources accumulate under
     about 3° to 5° C (5.4° to 9° Fahrenheit) by
                                                            certain climatic conditions.
     the year 2100.
    Rise of sea levels by at least 25 meters (82
     feet) by the year 2100.
                            CARBON and ITS COMPOUND
CARBON                                                     Catenation : Due to small size of carbon,
                                                            it has a unique ability to combine with
    It is a chemical element of group 14 on the            other carbon atoms to form long chains.
     periodic table, with symbol C and atomic              Carbon occurs in two forms in nature.
     number 6.
    Its electron configuration is 2, 4.               Free State (allotropes) : graphite, diamond,
    It is nonmetallic and tetravalent - making        Fullerene
     four electrons available to form covalent
     chemical bonds.                                   Combined State : Carbon Combines with
                                                       other elements to form compounds such as
    It is the fourth most abundant element in
                                                       carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc.
     the universe (hydrogen, helium, and
     oxygen are found in higher amounts, by
     mass).
                                                  283