Some Important Ores of Metals
Metal             Ores                                         Metal           Ores
Aluminum          Bauxite: Al2O32H2O                           Lead (Pb)       Galena: PbS
(Al)              Corundum: Al2O3                                              Anglesite: PbCl2
                  Kryolite: Na3AlF6                            Tin (Sn)        Tin Pyrites: Cu2FeSnS4
Iron (Fe)         Hematite: Fe2O3                                              Classiterite: SnO2
                  Magnetite: Fe3O4                             Silver (Ag)     Silver Glance: Ag2S
                  IronPyrite: FeS2                             Gold (Au)       Calve rite: AuTe2
                  Siderite: FeCO3                                              Sybarite: AgAuTe2
Copper (Cu)       Copper Pyrite: CuFeS2                        Mercury         Cinnabar: HgS
                  Copper Glance: Cu2S                          (Hg)            Calomel: Hg2Cl2
                  Malachite: 2CuCO3Cu(OH)2                     Magnesium       Dolomite: MgCO3CaCO3
Zinc (Zn)         Zinc Blende: ZnS                             (Mg)            Karnalite: KClMgCl26H2O
                  Calamine: ZnCo3                              Calcium         Lime Stone: CaCO3
Sodium            Rock Salt: NaCl                              (Ca)            Dolomite: MgCO3CaCO3
(Na)              Sodium Carbonate: Na2CO3                     Phosphorous     Phosphorite: Ca3(PO4)CaFe2
Potassium         Karnalite: KClMgCl6H2O                       (P)             Floreopetite:
(K)               Salt Petre: KNO3                                             3Ca3(PO4)CaFe2
Alloys
    It is a material containing a mixture of two or more metals.
    It can be used to provide increased strength or a lighter weight material.
    It constituents are usually measured by mass.
Alloys and their uses
           Name                            Composition                                       Use
  Amalgam                     Mercury (45–55%), plus silver, tin,       Dental fillings.
                              copper, and zinc.
  Babbitt metal               Tin (90%), antimony (7–15%), copper       Friction-reducing coating in machine
                              (4–10%).                                  bearings.
  Bell metals                 Cu (80%), Sn (20%)                        For making bells
  Brass                       Cu (60% to 80%), Zn (40 to 20%)           For making household utencils
  Bronze                      Cu (75 to 90%), Sn (25 to 10%)            For making coins, idols, utencils
  Cast iron                   Iron (96–98%), carbon (2–4%), plus        Metal structures such as bridges and
                              silicon.                                  heavy-duty cookware.
  Duralium                    Al (95%), Cu (4%), Mg (0.5%), Mn          In aircraft manufacturing
                              (0.5%)
  Gun metal                   Cu (85%), Zn (10%), Sn(5%)                Used for engineering purpose
  Magnelium                   Mg (5%), Al (95%)                         For making aircraft frame
  Magnox                      Magnesium, aluminum.                      Nuclear reactors.
  Rolled Gold                 Cu (90%), Ni (10%)                        For making cheap ornaments
  Solder                      Sn (50-75%), Pb (50-25%)                  Soldering of metals
  Steel                       Fe (98%), C (2%)                          For making nails, screws, bridges
  Stainless Steel             Fe (82%) Cr, Ni (18%)                     for making cooking utencils, knives
  Sterling silver             Silver (92.5%), copper (7.5%).            Cutlery, jewelry, medical tools, musical
                                                                        instruments.
  White gold (18 carat)       Gold (75%), palladium (17%), silver       Jewelry or ornaments
                              (4%), copper (4%)
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