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Kerala PSC General Science Book Study Materials Page 275
Book's First PageMETALS, NONMETALS, METALLOIDS and METALLURGY All elements are classified into metals, non-metals and metalloids. Majority of the elements are Metals (metallic properties). Nonmetals have properties opposite those of the metals. Metalloids have properties similar to both metals and non-metals. Metallic Elements Nonmetallic elements Metalloids Distinguishing luster (shine) Non-lustrous, various colors Can be shiny or dull Malleable and ductile Brittle, hard or soft Solids (flexible) as solids Conduct heat and electricity Poor conductors Conduct heat and electricity better than nonmetals but not as well as metals Metallic oxides are basic, Nonmetallic oxides are acidic, They can form alloys with ionic compounds other metals. Cations in aqueous solution Anions, oxyanions in aqueous gains electrons in reactions solution Used as Zinc : galvanizing iron, in Boron : making skin ointments. Boron : borosilicate glass. anti-corrosion material, in Phosphorus : making crackers. Silicon : computers, medicinal fields and in alloys. Chlorine : in the form of transistors, solar cells, LCD Iron : construction material bleaching powder, is used for screens, to control the flow of in bridges, houses, ships etc. purification of water. electricity. Lead : making water pipes, in Oxygen, hydrogen and Germanium : wide-angle pigments, batteries, in alloys nitrogen : used by all living camera lenses, microscope etc. things, they are the "building lenses, etc. Mercury : thermometer blocks" of life. Antimony : making of flame retardants. 274