NANOTECHNOLOGY (NANOTECH)
   It is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and super-molecular scale.
   It uses a basic unit of measure called a nanometer (nm).
   The nanometer scale is conventionally defined as 1 to 100 nm. One nanometer is one billionth of
    a meter (10-9 m).
   The concepts of nanotechnology were first discussed in 1959 by renowned physicist Richard
    Feynman and the term "nano-technology" was first used by Norio Taniguchi in 1974.
Different way to visualize a nanometer                 Applications of nanotechnology
   our fingernails grow at the rate of 1 nm           It has a wide range of applications, and
    per second;                                        nanoparticles are incorporated in the
   the head of a pin is about 1 000 000 nm in         production of many different materials and
    diameter;                                          processes.
   a human hair is about 80 000 nm in
                                                          Nanomedicine
    diameter;
                                                          Nanobiotechnology
   a DNA molecule is 1–2 nm wide;
                                                          Green nanotechnology
   the transistor of a latest-generation
    Pentium Core Duo processor is 45 nm.                  Energy applications of nanotechnology
                                                          Industrial applications of nanotechnology
                                                          Potential applications of carbon nanotubes
                                                          Nanoart
                      ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Atomic Physics                                         Cathode Ray
   It is the studies atoms as an isolated                It consists of negatively charged material
    system of electrons and an atomic nucleus.             particles called electrons.
   It is primarily concerned with the                    It deflects towards the positive plate of an
    arrangement of electrons around the                    electric field.
    nucleus and the processes by which these              The charge to mass ratio (e / m) for the
    arrangements change.                                   particles in the nature of the gas taken in
   The term atomic physics is often related               the discharge tube.
    with nuclear power and nuclear bombs.                 It travels in straight lines.
                                                          It can ionise the gases.
Nuclear Physics
                                                          It can produce X-rays.
   It is the studies the constituents and                It can produce fluorescence.
    interactions of atomic nuclei.                        It can penetrate through thin metal foils.
   The most commonly known applications
                                                       Anode rays
    of nuclear physics are nuclear power
    generation      and     nuclear    weapons            It consists of positively charges material
    technology.                                            particles.
                                                          It deflects towards the negative plate of an
                                                           electric field.
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