Diamagnetic Material                                 Transformer
  It has a weak, negative susceptibility to            A transformer is a static machine used for
   magnetic fields.                                      transforming power from one circuit to
  It repelled by a strong magnet.                       another without changing frequency.
  The magnetic susceptibility is independent           Electrical power transformer is a static
   of temperature.                                       device which transforms electrical energy
  Most elements in the periodic table,                  from one circuit to another without any
   including copper, silver, and gold, are               direct electrical connection and with the
   diamagnetic.                                          help of mutual induction between two
                                                         windings. It transforms power from one
Paramagnetic Material                                    circuit to another without changing its
                                                         frequency but may be in different voltage
  It has a small, positive susceptibility to
                                                         level.
   magnetic fields.
                                                        The basic principle behind working of a
  It attracted by a strong magnet.
                                                         transformer is the phenomenon of mutual
  The magnetic susceptibility decreases with
                                                         induction between two windings linked by
   rise of temperature.
                                                         common magnetic flux.
  It includes magnesium, molybdenum,
                                                        Power transformers are used in
   lithium, and tantalum.
                                                         transmission network of higher voltages
Ferromagnetic Material                                   for step-up and step down application (400
                                                         kV, 200 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, 33kV) and
  It has a large, positive susceptibility to an         are generally rated above 200MVA.
   external magnetic field.                             Distribution transformers are used for
  The magnetic susceptibility decreases with            lower voltage distribution networks as a
   rise of temperature.                                  means to end user connectivity. (11kV, 6.6
  It includes Iron cobalt, nickel, ferric               kV, 3.3 kV, 440V, 230V) and are
   chloride etc.                                         generally rated less than 200 MVA.
Curie Temperature (Tc)                               Facts about electricity
  It is the temperature at which certain               Electricity travels at the speed of light -
   materials lose their permanent magnetic               more than 186,000 miles per second!
   properties, to be replaced by induced                A bolt of lightning can measure up to three
   magnetism.                                            million (3,000,000) volts.
  The Curie temperature is named after                 A 600 megawatt natural gas plant can
   Pierre Curie, who showed that magnetism               power 220,000 homes.
   was lost at a critical temperature.                  The first power plant - owned by Thomas
  As the temperature increases to Tc and                Edison - opened in New York City in
   above however, fluctuations due to the                1882.
   increase in thermal energy destroy that              Benjamin Franklin demonstrated that
   alignment.                                            lightning is electricity.
  Tc for nickel is 631K, while that for iron           In 1826 Georg Ohm defined the
   is 1043K.                                             relationship between power, voltage,
                                                         current and resistance in Ohms Law.
                                                        The world’s first nuclear power plant in
                                                         Russia started generating electricity in
                                                         1954.
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