Diamagnetic Material Transformer
It has a weak, negative susceptibility to A transformer is a static machine used for
magnetic fields. transforming power from one circuit to
It repelled by a strong magnet. another without changing frequency.
The magnetic susceptibility is independent Electrical power transformer is a static
of temperature. device which transforms electrical energy
Most elements in the periodic table, from one circuit to another without any
including copper, silver, and gold, are direct electrical connection and with the
diamagnetic. help of mutual induction between two
windings. It transforms power from one
Paramagnetic Material circuit to another without changing its
frequency but may be in different voltage
It has a small, positive susceptibility to
level.
magnetic fields.
The basic principle behind working of a
It attracted by a strong magnet.
transformer is the phenomenon of mutual
The magnetic susceptibility decreases with
induction between two windings linked by
rise of temperature.
common magnetic flux.
It includes magnesium, molybdenum,
Power transformers are used in
lithium, and tantalum.
transmission network of higher voltages
Ferromagnetic Material for step-up and step down application (400
kV, 200 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, 33kV) and
It has a large, positive susceptibility to an are generally rated above 200MVA.
external magnetic field. Distribution transformers are used for
The magnetic susceptibility decreases with lower voltage distribution networks as a
rise of temperature. means to end user connectivity. (11kV, 6.6
It includes Iron cobalt, nickel, ferric kV, 3.3 kV, 440V, 230V) and are
chloride etc. generally rated less than 200 MVA.
Curie Temperature (Tc) Facts about electricity
It is the temperature at which certain Electricity travels at the speed of light -
materials lose their permanent magnetic more than 186,000 miles per second!
properties, to be replaced by induced A bolt of lightning can measure up to three
magnetism. million (3,000,000) volts.
The Curie temperature is named after A 600 megawatt natural gas plant can
Pierre Curie, who showed that magnetism power 220,000 homes.
was lost at a critical temperature. The first power plant - owned by Thomas
As the temperature increases to Tc and Edison - opened in New York City in
above however, fluctuations due to the 1882.
increase in thermal energy destroy that Benjamin Franklin demonstrated that
alignment. lightning is electricity.
Tc for nickel is 631K, while that for iron In 1826 Georg Ohm defined the
is 1043K. relationship between power, voltage,
current and resistance in Ohms Law.
The world’s first nuclear power plant in
Russia started generating electricity in
1954.
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