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Kerala PSC Indian History Book Study Materials Page 1791
Book's First Pageto do more. Age of Consent Act, 1891: It was a British legislation enacted on 19 March 1891 raising the age of consent for sexual intercourse for all girls, married or unmarried, from ten to 12 years in all jurisdictions. Its violation was subject to criminal prosecution as rape. The act was an amendment of the Indian Penal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure, Section 375, 1882, and was introduced as a bill on 9 January 1891 by Sir Andrew Scoble in the Central Legislature. It was debated the same day and opposed by council member Sir Romesh Chunder Mitter (from Bengal) on the grounds that it interfered with orthodox Hindu code, but supported by council member Rao Bahadur Krishnaji Lakshman Nulkar (from Bombay) and by the President of the council, the Governor-General and Viceroy Lord Lansdowne. While an 1880 case in a Bombay high court by a child-bride, Rukhmabai, renewed discussion of such a law, the death of an eleven- year-old Bengali girl, Phulomnee, due to forceful intercourse by her 35- year-old husband in 1889, necessitated intervention by the British. The act received support from Indian reformers such as Behramji Malabari and social organisations. The law was never seriously enforced and it is argued that the real effect of the law was reassertion of Hindu patriarchal control over domestic issues as a nationalistic cause. Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929: Popularly known as the Sharda Act after its sponsor Rai Sahib Harbilas Sharda to the British India Legislature, it was passed on 28 September 1929, fixing the age of marriage for girls at 14 years and boys at 18 years. It came into effect six months later on 1 April, 1930 and it applies to all of British India, not just to Hindus. It was a result of social reform movement in India. The legislation was passed by the British Indian Government. It was the first social reform issue which was taken up by the organized women in India. They played a major role in the development of argument and actively used the device of political petition and in the process contributed in the field of politics. The various organized women’s associations got the opportunity of playing independent political role when the cautious British India