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Kerala PSC Indian History Book Study Materials Page 1115
Book's First Pagesupport contentious. Rulers had to balance criticism for patronage they typically gave Hindu groups, following established precedent. • Devotees of Vishnu and Shiva could be equally unforgiving. As bhakti travelled north along Shankara’s tracks, competing Hindu sectarians not only wrote poems like Jayadeva’s Gitagovinda, but also raised armies to fight for sectarian control of pilgrimage sites and temple festivals. Armies of Shivite and Vaishnava ascetics fought to protect sectarian wealth against raids from competitors and to capture revenues from popular religious gatherings like the kumbh mela in Hardwar and Prayag (Allahabad). Importance of Temples and Monastic Institutions Hindu Temple Complex ABSORPTION OF LOCAL DEITIES AND CULTS The Hindu temple as a ritualist and architectural complex appeared in full form in the later Gupta period. Its development and spread from the sixth to the fourteenth century provide a glorious medieval legacy, from Mahaballipuram to Khajuraho. The absorption of local deities, rituals, symbols and spiritualism into Puranic literature and related myth, folklore and artistic representation constituted Hindu worship by enhancing the cultural potency of local deities, their devotees and their patrons. Local cults were woven into Puranic traditions and temple rituals as local communities came under royal authority. Representation of Social Geography by Distribution and Contents of Temples Rich centres of temple worship combined many of the technical skills—controlled by brahmins—that were needed to develop agrarian territories, from architecture and engineering to law and financial management. Building a great temple attracted brahmins and established a theatre of royal grandeur. Great kings built great temples and supported many learned brahmins. The distribution and content of temples and inscriptions thus maps medieval social geography. Lands rich with temple inscriptions are