Vaidehika Karavara Andhra
Vaidehika Nisada Meda
Chandala Vaideha Pandusopaka
Nisada Vaideha Ahindika
Chandala Pukkasa Sopaka
Chandala Nisada Antyavasayin
First three By wives of the same caste, Vratyas
castes but not performing sacred
rites
From By wives of the same caste, Bhrijjakantaka Avantya
Brahmin but not performing sacred Vatadhan Pushpadha
Vratyas rites Saikha
From By wives of the same caste, Jhalla Malia Lichchhavi
Kshatriya but not performing sacred Nata Karana Khasa
Vratyas rites Dravida
From By wives of the same caste, Sudhanvan Acharya
Vaishya but not performing sacred Karusha Vijanman Maitra
Vratyas rites Satvata
As if this list of non-Aryan races was not sufficiently long, the great
legislator tries to include by a sweeping rule all the known races of the earth!
The Paundrakas (North Bengal men), the Udras (Oriyas), the Dravidas (South
Indians), the Kambojas (Kabulis), the Yavanas (Bactrian Greeks), the Sakas,
the Paradas, the Pahlavas (Persians), the Chinas (Chinese), and the Kiratas
(hill men). The Daradas and Khasas are said to have been Kshatriyas before,
but to have ‘gradually sunk in this world to the condition of Sudras’, through
omission of the sacred rites, and for ‘not consulting Brahmins’.
Thus, the preceding discussion of the different marriage forms and
practices helps us to draw the following conclusions:
Certain forms of unapproved marriages, particularly the asura form which
was the most widely prevalent and in which woman enjoyed some
freedom and deserved consideration, were recommended for the lower