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Kerala PSC Indian History Book Study Materials Page 554
Book's First Pageof his reign. This record of 23 lines is the earliest one of Kanishka. • The inscription speaks of the maximum extent of the Kushana empire, as far east as Champa near Bhagalpur. The incorporation of Champa, Pataliputra and Saketa into the Kushana empire, is for the first time, recorded in a Kushana inscription. However, this remarkable expansion of the Kushana power to the east of Varanasi was in fact, a short-lived one. None of the successors of Kanishka I is known to have wielded any direct authority over areas to the east of Mathura. • This longest and perhaps the most important Kushana inscription so far known, sets to rest some of the major debates and issues in the Kushana political history. That Kanishka was a direct descendant of the line starting from Kujula Kadphises is established; there was no ‘Kadphises’ group of rulers, separate from the so-called ‘Kanishka’ group of rulers. • Kanishka, genealogically at least, was the fourth among the Kushana rulers. The so-called ‘Saka era’ was certainly introduced by Kanishka himself and none else, though its exact correspondence to the year in Christian era still remains unsolved. • The record under review is also a mine of information on the religious policy and attitudes of the Kushana kings. The Kushana practice of deifying the ruler, both after death and even during his lifetime, is clearly demonstrated herein. The deified images of the Kushana kings were enshrined in dynastic sanctuaries or devakulas. • The Rabatak inscription informs us about the construction of what would be the fifth devakula in the Kushana empire, the other four being located at Mat (near Mathura), Surkhkotal (in Afghanistan), Airtam (in Tazakistan) and Dalverdjin-Tepe. Kadphises Numismatic evidence suggests that Kujula Kadphises was the colleague or ally and afterwards the successor of Hermaeus, the last Greek prince of the Kabul valley. Kadphises I extirpated Parthian rule from both the Kabul and Kandahar regions after a short time. He added Gandhara and Taxila to his other conquests which might have been achieved by his son Vima Kadphises,