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PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 1
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Kerala PSC Indian History Book Study Materials Page 25
Book's First PageMicrolithic industry is easy to identify: usually less than 1 to 5 cm long implements made mostly on short parallel-sided blades. In addition to the ‘pigmy’ versions of the upper Paleolithic types, such as points, scrapers, burins, awls, etc., we also see lunates or crescents and the so-called geometric shapes of rhomboids and trapezes, and triangles. The distribution of early, truly Mesolithic evidence in India is still limited, but the distribution of microlithic sites is very vast. In fact, it is easier to note the areas without microliths than those with them. Except in a limited section of the Ganga plain, i.e. near Banaras, microliths are not yet known to occur elsewhere in the Indo-Gangetic plain. The hilly areas of the northeast too have not yet shown any clear proof of the existence of this industry. Otherwise, microliths are more common than paleoliths in the sense that they are far more visible in the subcontinent.) Excavated Sites At present, however, we have very limited knowledge of the early Mesolithic in India. There are only seven or eight excavated sites with proper occupational evidence and early dates in admittedly limited areas of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, and an assortment of rock paintings which still seem to be confined only to the central Indian highlands from Uttar Pradesh to Gujarat. Further, at least two of the sixth millennium BC sites among them—Bagor, and Adamgarh—show domestication of cattle and sheep/goat where people might already have given up some of their hunting-gathering activities. BHIMBETKA CAVES Located about 45 km northeast of Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh, these caves were accidentally discovered in 1957-58 by Dr. Vishnu Wakankar of Vikram University, Ujjain. Subsequent excavations yielded remains, serially from the Lower Palaeolithic Age to the Early Medieval Ages. The caves have rock paintings, going back to 15,000 years ago in vivid and panoramic detail. The most ancient scenes are believed to be commonly belonging to the Mesolithic Age. Executed mainly in red and white, with the occasional use of green and yellow and themes taken from the everyday events, the scenes