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Kerala PSC Indian History Book Study Materials Page 16
Book's First PagePREHISTORIC CULTURES IN INDIA PERIODISATION OF INDIAN PREHISTORY Evolution of Human Life CONTINENTAL DRIFT In 1915, a German geologist and meteorologist, Alfred Wegener first proposed the theory of continental drift, which stated that parts of the Earth"s crust slowly drift atop a liquid core. The fossil record supports, and gives credence to the theories of continental drift and plate tectonics. Wegener hypothesized that there was a gigantic supercontinent 200 million years ago, which he named Pangaea, meaning "All-earth". Pangaea started to break up into two smaller supercontinents, called Laurasia and Gondwanaland, during the Jurassic period. By the end of the Cretaceous period, the continents were separating into land masses that look like our modern-day continents. Wegener published this theory in his 1915 book, On the Origin of Continents and Oceans. Meaning of Prehistory The past of humanity began long ago. Most of it went unrecorded and this unwritten past constitutes prehistory. But a small fraction of the humanity’s past was recorded or written down, and it is this written past that constitutes history. Prehistory has been divided into various ages or periods on the basis of the nature of material remains of the past. Radiation Theory An interesting theory holds that modern humans evolved from Homo erectus, fairly recently, in Africa, and then peopled the Earth by migrating along different routes. This view is called the Radiation Theory and