The ocean forecast services were extended to two other Indian Ocean Rim countries,
      namely Sri Lanka and Seychelles on various parameters viz., winds, waves, currents and
      temperature in map form served under the umbrella of Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early
      Warning System (RIMES) for Afro-Asian Region.
      Tsunami Warning System
            The Indian Tsunami Warning System established by the Ministry at the Indian Centre for
      Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad has been recognized as the Regional Tsunami
      Service Provider (RSTP) for the Indian Ocean region by UNESCO to provide warning to
      countries of the Indian Ocean. This includes the service of level-2 tsunami advisories for the
      Indian Ocean. The Indian Tsunami Warning System is equipped to issue warnings within ten
      minutes of occurrence of earthquakes. The Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre (ITEWC) kept
      the watch of all tsunamigenic earthquakes in and around the Indian Ocean and issued appropriate
      messages in the event of any threats from potential tsunamis.
      Ocean Observing System
            In 2016, INCOIS deployed 23 ARGO floats in the Indian Ocean having sensors to collect
      the physical parameters, of which 11 were equipped with both physical and biogeochemical
      sensors. Over 732 active floats are actively working in the Indian Ocean of which 136 were
      deployed by India. So far, more than 340856 temperature and salinity profiles, 18993 dissolved
      oxygen and 7614 chlorophyll profiles were collected by Argo floats in the Indian regions.
      Open Cage Culture
            Large scale fish production through mariculture is the viable alternative to cope with the
      ever increasing demand for fish proteins. An open sea cage culture mooring system was designed
      and developed for commercially important marine finfishes suitable for Indian sea conditions to
      meet this demand with available marine engineering and biological expertise. The open sea cage
      culture technology seems to be an ideal alternative livelihood option for the coastal fishers, help
      generate considerable employment opportunities in the country and to meet the fish food
      production targets of the nation.
      Remotely Operated Vehicles
            Indigenously developed 500m depth rated shallow water/polar remotely operated vehile
      (PROVe) was successfully deployed, in the Andaman coral islands. The vehicle was successfully
      manoeuvred in the undulating reef terrain to record high quality under water visuals of coral reef
      biodiversity with spectral irradiance.
      Polar and Cryosphere Research (PACER)
            National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR), Goa established a high
      altitude research station in Himalaya called Himansh (literally meaning, a slice of ice), situated
      above 13,500 ft (>4000 m) at a remote region in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh. This station is
      equipped with instruments such as, automatic station, water level recorder, steam drill, snow ice
      corer, ground penetrating radar, differential global positioning system, snow fork, flow tracker,
      thermister string, radiometer, etc. Water level recorders were installed at five locations along the
      stretch of 130 km of Chandra river in western Himalaya for hydrological balance/modeling.
      Glaciers were monitored for mass balance, dynamics, energy balance and hydrology.