The Force has so far taken over security of all major airports in the country, which includes
      international airports of Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai and Kolkata. Besides, it has taken over security
      of 45 government buildings, which include North Block, part of South Block and CGO Complex
      in Delhi. CISF Act was amended to enable the force to provide security, on payment basis, to
      private/ joint venture industrial undertakings, which are vital for the security and economy of the
      country. After the Mumbai terrorist attack in November, 2008, the mandate of the force has been
      broadened to provide direct security cover to private sector also. More than 175 private sector
      installations have already requested for CISF protection and Infosys Technologies Limited - a
      multinational information technology services company’s headquarter in Bengaluru, became the
      first private sector company to get the CISF security cover in August 2009. CISF is a cost
      reimbursement force i.e., it is not a burden on the national exchequer. CISF in October, 2009
      started a passenger friendly utility on its official website www.cisf.gov.in for the lost and found
      articles at all airports where CISF has been deployed.
      Relevant Website: www.cisf.gov.in
      Sashastra Seema Bal
            The ‘Sashastra Seema Bal” (SSB) is the newest border guarding force of Union of India
      entrusted with the guarding of Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan borders. “Sashastra Seema Bal” is
      guarding Indo-Nepal border since 2001 and was also given the additional responsibility of
      guarding Indo-Bhutan border in 2004. Sashastra Seema Bal came into existence under the name
      Special Service Bureau in early 1963 in the wake of Indo-China conflict. Its earlier aim was to
      build people’s morale and inculcate a spirit of resistance in border population in the then NEFA,
      North Assam, North Bengal, hills of Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir
      (Ladakh). The area of operation was extended to other border areas in Manipur, Tripura, Jammu,
      Meghalaya, Sikkim, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Mizoram, South Bengal and Nagaland between 1965-
      1991.
            The role of SSB in earlier setup includes: (i) to inculcate a sense of security and spirit of
      resistance in border population; (ii) promoting national awareness and security consciousness;
      and (iii) organizing and preparing border population to resist enemy.
      Relevant Website: www.ssb.nic.in
      Civil Defence
            Civil Defence includes any measures not amounting to actual combat, for affording
      protection to any person, property, place or thing in India or any part of the territory thereof
      against any hostile attack whether from air, land, sea or other places or for depriving any such
      attack of the whole or part of its effect, whether such measures are taken before, during or after
      the time of such attack, or any measures taken for the purpose of disaster management, before,
      during, or after any disaster.
              The Amendment to the Civil Defence Act, 1968 accorded legal sanction to the additional
          role of the Civil Defence constituents in the field of disaster management. Civil Defence is
       primarily organized on voluntary basis except for a small nucleus of paid staff and establishment
         which is augmented during emergencies. Civil Defence volunteers are in various constructive
             and nation building activities—including providing assistance to the administration in
        undertaking social and welfare services and in the prevention, mitigation of natural, man made