COMPREHENSION TEST
       (2) Treacherous terrain                                    1077. The problem of perception can be compounded by
       (3) Lack of funds                                                  the failure of parents and teachers to
       (4) Equipment breakdown                                            (1) provide treatment.
      Directions (1073–1077) : A passage is given with 5                  (2) recognize the condition.
questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose             (3) correct the child at infancy.
the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.            (4) understand the child.
                                  (SSC CHSL (10+2) Tier-I (CBE)          Directions (1078–1082) : A passage is given with 5
                                   Exam. 10.09.2016 (Ist sitting) questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose
      Dyslexia is a perceptual disorder often occurring in        the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
persons of normal, or even above average intelligence. The                                                  (SSC CGL Tier-I (CBE)
reader is unable to perceive correctly what is on a                                                   Exam. 11.09.2016 (Ist sitting)
page. Letters and numbers often appear reversed: “b” seems               Ants have been living on the earth for more than 100
to be “d”, “quite” is “quiet” and “from” is “form”. The reader    million years and can be found almost anywhere on the
tends to leave out letters or words or insert words or letters    planet. It is estimated that there are about 20000 different
that are not there. Vowel and consonant sounds may be             species of ants. For this reason ants have been called
confused. Many dyslexics are left-handed or able to write         Earth’s most successful species. If you watch ants for any
with either hand. They often confuse left and right. Learning     length of time you will see that they really do communicate
to speak may also be delayed beyond infancy. The condition        with each other and very effectively too. Ants communicate
seems to be inherited. It may persist into adulthood.             by touching each other with their antennae. Ants also use
However, with early recognition and specialized approaches        chemicals called pheromones to leave scent trails for other
to teaching reading, most dyslexics can learn to read.            ants to follow. Ants build many different types of homes.
      Some researchers believe that latent dyslexia may be        Many ants build simple little mounds out of dirt or sand.
aggravated by the way reading is taught. The modern whole-        Other ants use small sticks mixed with dirt and sand to
word, or look-and-say, method seems to be more of a               make a stronger mound that offers protection from rain.
hindrance to learning for dyslexics than it is for ordinary       Western Harvester ants make a small mound on top, but
pupils. The phonetic method of teaching students to learn         then tunnels up to 15 feet straight down to hibernate during
letters and sound them out appears to achieve better              winter. Ant mounds consist of many chambers connected
reading results. The problem of words that cannot be              by tunnels. Different chambers are used for nurseries, food
sounded out-such as rough, laugh or through is-not solved         storage, and resting places for the worker ants. Some ants
by phonetics. These words must simply be memorized.               live in wood like termites. Army ants don’t make a home at
However, for children with dyslexia the problem can be            all but travel in large groups searching for food. Ants are
compounded by the failure of parents or teachers to               social insects which means they live in large colonies or
recognize the condition. This can easily lead to emotional        groups. Some colonies consist of millions of ants. There
problems for dyslexic children, who cannot understand their       are three types of ants in each species, the queen, the
failure to keep up with their classmates.                         sterile female workers and males. The male ants only serve
                                                                  one purpose, to mate with future queen ants and do not
      MEANINGS OF DIFFICULT WORDS/PHRASES
                                                                  live very long. The queen grows to adulthood, mates, and
  (1) perceptual (Adj.) : of/relating to the act of becoming      then spends rest of her life laying eggs. A colony may have
      aware of through the senses                                 only one queen, or there may be many queens depending
  (2) infancy (N.) : the early stage of growth/development        on the species. Ants go through four stages of development:
  (3) latent (Adj.) : not presently active                        egg, larva, pupa and adult.
  (4) aggravated (V.) : make worse
                                                                         MEANINGS OF DIFFICULT WORDS/PHRASES
  (5) ambidextrous (Adj.) : equally skillful with each hand
                                                                     (1) mounds (N.) : a small natural hill
1073. Dyslexia, often occurring in persons of normal, or             (2) hibernate (V.) : sleep during winter
       even above average intelligence, is a _______
                                                                  1078. Why are ants called the ‘Earth’s most successful
       (1) conceptual disorder (2) pathological disease
                                                                          species?
       (3) perceptive disorder (4) perceptual disorder                    (1) Because they have been on earth for more than a
1074. In Dyslexia, letters and figures often appear _______                   100 million years.
       (1) inverted                (2) blurred                            (2) Because they can be found anywhere on earth.
       (3) reversed                (4) clustered                          (3) Because they have been on earth for more than a
1075. People suffering from dyslexia are often ________                       100 million years and because they can be found
                                                                              anywhere on earth.
       (1) right handed            (2) far sighted
                                                                          (4) Because there are 2000 different species of ants
       (3) ambidextrous            (4) only left handed
                                                                              on earth.
1076. Dyslexia may _________                                      1079. Antennae are used by ants to
       (1) be noticed during infancy.                                     (1) leave a trail for other ants.
       (2) last till childhood.                                           (2) communicate.
       (3) persist into adulthood.                                        (3) find direction.
       (4) end when one goes to school.                                   (4) touch and feel each other.
                                                            SEE–1011