ONE-WORD SUBSTITUTION
pessimist (N.) : a person who autocracy (N.) : a country that emotional (Adj.) : connected
always expects bad things to is ruled by one person who has with people’s feelings (emotions
happen or something not to be complete power - a strong feeling such as love,
successful 300. (2) orator fear or anger)
optimist (N.) : a person who al- orator (N.) : a person who is good enthusiastic (Adj.) : feeling /
ways expects good things to hap- at public speaking/ who makes showing a lot of excitement and
pen or things to be successful formal speeches interest about somebody/ some-
hypocrite (N.) : a person who curator (N.) : a person whose thing
pretends to have moral stan- job is to be in charge of the ob- confident (Adj.) : feeling sure
dards or opinions that he does jects or words of art in a muse- about your own ability to do
not actually have um or art gallery, etc. things and be successful
296. (1) neighbourhood narrator (N.) : a person who tells 305. (2) extempore
neighbourhood (N.) : a district/ a story, in a book/film/play extempore (Adj.) : spoken/ done
an area of a town - the people who arbitrator (N.) : a person who is without any previous thought/
live there chosen to settle a disagreement preparation ; impromptu
crowd (N.) : a large number of verbose (Adj.) : using/ contain-
301. (3) nepotism
people gathered together in a ing more words than are needed
nepotism (N.) : giving unfair ad-
public place in the streets at a vantages to your own family if amateur (Adj.) : a person who
sports ground, etc. you are in a position of power, likes to take part in a sport/
community (N.) : all the people other activity for enjoyment, not
by giving them jobs
who live in the particular area, as a job
optimism (N.) : a feeling that
country, etc. verbatim (Adj.) : in exactly the
good things will happen and that
same words as were used origi-
public (N.) : connected with or- something will be successful
nally
dinary people in society in gen- plagiarism (N.) : an act of copy-
eral 306. (4) beneficiary
ing another person’s ideas, work
beneficiary (N.) : a person who
297. (1) altitude or words and pretend that they
gains as a results of something
altitude (N.) :the height above are your own
benefactor (N.) : a person who
sea level regionalism (N.) : the desire of
gives money/ other help to a
certitude (N.) : a feeling of being the people who live in a particu-
person or an organisation
certain lar region of a country to have
(school, charity)
latitude (N.) : the distance of a more political and economic in-
dependence miser (N.) : a person who loves
place north/south of the Equa- money and hates spending it
tor, measured in degrees 302. (4) edible
hermit (N.) : a person who, usu-
longitude (N.) : the distance of edible (Adj.) : fit/ suitable to be ally for religious reasons, lives a
a place east/west of the Green- eaten ; not poisonous very simple life alone and does
wich Meridian, measured in de- legible (Adj.) : clear enough to not meet/ talk to other people
grees read
307. (1) omnivorous
298. (2) incredible credible (Adj.) : that can be be- omnivorous (N.) : eating both
incredible (Adj.) : unbelievable; lieved/ trusted vegetables and meat
impossible/ difficult to believe audible (Adj.) : that can be
herbivorous (N.) : eating only
inevitable (Adj.) : unavoidable; heard clearly
plants/ vegetables
that you cannot avoid/ prevent 303. (3) aggressive carnivorous (N.) : eating the
suspicious (Adj.) : feeling that aggressive (Adj.) : angry, and flesh of other animals
somebody has done something behaving in a threatening way ;
308. (1) maiden
wrong; illegal or dishonest, with- ready to attack
maiden (N.) : the first speech
out having any proof creative (Adj.) : having the skill made by a person
and ability to produce something
impossible (Adj.) : that cannot extempore (N.) : spoken with-
new, especially a work of art
exist or be done ; not possible out any previous preparation
impatient (Adj.) : annoyed/ ir- debate (N.) : a formal discussion
299. (4) democracy
ritated by somebody/ some- of an issue expressing different
democracy (N.) : a country in
thing; waiting to do unpleasant opinions
which all the people of the coun-
malicious (Adj.) : having/ show- palaver (N.) : a lot of unneces-
try can vote to elect their repre-
ing hatred and a desire to harm sary activity, excitement/ trou-
sentatives
somebody or hurt his feelings ; ble caused by something that is
plutocracy (N.) : a country gov-
spiteful ; malevolent unimportant ; fuss
erned by the richest people in it
304. (3) articulate 309. (1) notorious
aristocracy (N.) : people born in articulate (Adj.) : good at ex-
the highest social class, who have notorious (Adj.) : well-known in
pressing ideas/ feelings clearly a bad way
special titles ; nobility in words (speech)
SEE–676