ONE-WORD SUBSTITUTION
bandit (N.) : a member of an stadium (N.) : a large sports vigour (N.) : energy, force or en-
armed group of thieves who at- ground surrounded by rows of thusiasm; vitality
tack travellers seats and other buildings attempt (N.) : an act of trying to
intruder (N.) : a person who en- 41. (2) transitory do something difficult, often with
ters an area illegally transitory (Adj.) : continuing for no success
37. (1) cartography only a short time; temporary 46. (2) numismatist
cartography (N.) : the art or pro- regular (Adj.) : done or happen- numismatist (N.) : a person who
cess of drawing or making maps ing often collects or studies coins or med-
geography (N.) : the scientific rotatory (Adj.) : of or relating to als
study of the earth’s surface, or causing rotation archaeologist (N.) : a person who
physical features, divisions, repository (Adj.) : a place where studies cultures of the past, and
products, population, etc. something is stored in large of periods of history by examin-
geology (N.) : the scientific study quantities ing the remains of buildings and
of the earth 42. (3) credulous objects found in the ground
atlas (N.) : a book of maps credulous (Adj.) : too ready to philatelist (N.) : a person who
38. (1) ligaments believe things collects or studies stamps
ligaments (N.) : a strong band credible (Adj.) : that can be be- connoisseur (N.) : an expert on
of tissues in the body that con- lieved or trusted matters involving the judgement
nects bones and supports organs of beauty, quality or skill in art,
incredible (Adj.) : unbelievable
and keeps them in position food or music
incredulous (Adj.) : not willing
endoderm (N.) : the inner germ 47. (3) totalitarianism
or not able to believe
layer that develops into the di-
43. (2) quadruped totalitarianism (N.) : a form of
gestive and respiratory systems
quadruped (N.) : any creature government in which there is only
muscles (N.) : a piece of body
with four feet one political party that has com-
tissue that you contract and re-
tetrapod (N.) : any vertebrate plete power and control over the
lax in order to move a particular
part of the body that has four limbs/descended people
fibre (N.) : the part of food that from four-limbed ancestors, eg. oligarchy (N.) : a form of gov-
helps to keep a person healthy snake, whale, etc. ernment in which only a small
by keeping bowels working and polyped (N.) : something having group of people hold all the power
moving other food quickly many legs dictatorship (N.) : a form of gov-
through the body; roughage 44. (4) pacifist ernment by a ruler who has com-
39. (1) prototype pacifist (N.) : a person who be- plete power over a country, es-
prototype (N.) : the first design lieves that war and violence are pecially one who has gained it
of something from which other always wrong using military force
forms are copied or developed socialist (N.) : a person who be- theocracy (N.) : a form of gov-
sculpture (N.) : a work of art lieves in or supports the belief ernment run by religious lead-
that is a solid figure or object that everyone has an equal right ers
made by carving/shaping wood, to a share of a country’s wealth 48. (1) mores
stone, clay, metal, etc. and that the government should mores (N.) : the customs and
icon (N.) : a small symbol on a own and control the main indus- behaviour that are considered
computer screen that represents tries typical of a particular social
a program/file ; a famous per- communist (N.) : a person who group or community; conventions
son/ thing that people admire believes in or supports living to- traditions (N.) : beliefs, customs
and see as a symbol of a partic- gether and sharing possessions or way of doing something that
ular idea (a way of life, etc) and responsibilities has existed for a long time among
photograph (N.) : a picture that fascist (N.) : a person who sup- a particular group of people
is made by using a camera that ports an extreme political system
has a film sensitive to light in- rites (N.) : ceremonies per -
or attitude which is in favour of formed by a particular group of
side it strong central government and
40. (3) auditorium people, for religious purposes
which does not allow any oppo-
auditorium (N.) : the area of a rituals (N.) : series of actions
sition
theatre or concert hall where the that are always performed in the
45. (4) perseverance same way as a part of religious
audience sits
perseverance (N.) : the quality ceremonies
aquarium (N.) : a large glass con-
of continuing to try to achieve a 49. (4) jury
tainer in which fish and other
particular aim despite difficulties
water creatures and plants are jury (N.) : a group of members
kept patience (N.) : the ability to stay
of the public who listen to the
calm and accept a delay or some-
gymnasium (N.) : athletic facili- facts of a case in a court and
thing annoying without complain-
ty equipped for sports or physi- decide whether or not somebody
ing
cal training is guilty of a crime
SEE–657