TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES (ACTIVE/PASSIVE)
422. (1) A major role         is                          425. (3) The pages of the book
               ̄                  ̄                                                ̄
            Sub.            Aux. V.                                           Sub.
       (Ob. of Active)                                                  (Ob. of Active)
     played by the marketing                                    had already been
         ̄       ̄              ̄                                    ̄                   ̄
       V2     by           Ob.                               Aux.V.             Aux.V.
                      (Sub. of Active)                                            (be)
     professionals in the development of business setors.       torn by         him. (Passive)
     (Passive)                                                    ̄      ̄             ̄
     Marketing professionals                                    V3     by          Ob.
                    ̄                                                        (Sub. of Active)
                 Sub.                                           He     had already torn
     play a major role in the                                    ̄          ̄                 ̄
       ̄             ̄                                         Sub. Aux.V.                  V3
      V1         Ob.                                      the pages of the book. (Active)
     development of business sectors. (Active)                            ̄
423. (4) The ‘Ajooba’ town has                                         Ob.
                  ̄                   ̄                     426. (4) A sane man cannot
               Sub.              Aux.V.                                     ̄                ̄
          (Ob. of Active)                                               Sub.           Mod.V.
     been destroyed by                                        (Ob. of Passive)
         ̄         ̄          ̄                                    utter this word. (Active)
     Aux.V      V3        by                                       ̄              ̄
      (be)                                                        V1          Ob.
     the enemies. (Passive)                                           (Sub. of Passive)
             ̄                                                   This word cannot              be
           Ob.                                                        ̄               ̄             ̄
    (Sub. of Active)                                               Sub.        Mod. V.       Aux. V.
     The enemies have destroyed                                 uttered by
             ̄            ̄           ̄                                ̄           ̄
          Sub.       Aux. V.      V3                               V3        by
     the ‘Ajooba’ town. (Active)                                a sane man. (Passive)
                  ̄                                                        ̄
               Ob.
                                                                       Ob.
424. (2) An essay on ‘pollution’
                                                          427. (2) Jason               is   singing
                     ̄
                                                                          ̄               ̄          ̄
                 Sub.
                                                                      Sub.          Aux.V. V1+ing
            (Ob. of Active)
                                                               (Ob. of Passive)
     had     been written
                                                                the national anthem. (Active)
       ̄           ̄           ̄
                                                                            ̄
  Aux.V.      Aux.V.        V3
                                                                         Ob.
               (be)
                                                                 (Sub. of Passive)
     by         him. (Passive)
                                                                The national anthem is
       ̄             ̄
                                                                            ̄                      ̄
     by          Ob.
                                                                        Sub.                  Aux. V.
           (Sub. of Active)
                                                                being          sung     by
     Rohit     had written
                                                                      ̄             ̄        ̄
         ̄         ̄        ̄
                                                              Aux.V.+ing         V3       by
      Sub. Aux.V. V3
                                                                Jason. (Passive)
an essay on ‘pollution’.(Active)
                                                                    ̄
              ̄
                                                                  Ob.
            Ob.
                                                     SEE–347