TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES (ACTIVE/PASSIVE)
     In Active Voice, the structure will be as follows :                  The structure in Passive Voice will be as follows :
     Sub. (Ob. of Passive) + was/were + V-ing                             Sub(Ob. of Active) + was/were + V3                           + and
                     ̄                     ̄             ̄                                ̄                         ̄              ̄               ̄
                 They                  were        selling                            He                      was           regarded.... and
     + Ob. (Sub. of Passive)                                              + was/were + V3               +    by + Ob.(Sub. of Active)
                       ̄                                                              ̄              ̄            ̄            ̄
            many types of fish                                                      was         called.... by             the Swiss.
     at the market.                                                  342. (3)Structure of Simple Present Tense, Passive Voice
336. (1) Passive Sent. in the Pr. Per. has the following                  is as follows :
           structure :                                                        Sub.           +      is/am/are + V3 + to + Ob.
      Sub. (Ob. of Active) + has/have + been + V3                                ̄                          ̄              ̄         ̄        ̄
                     ̄                    ̄             ̄         ̄        That too many ....                  is        known to           all
          More than ten               have        been     cycled         The structure in Active Voice will be as follows :
          kilometers                                                      Sub. + V1 + that + Ob.
     by + Ob. (Sub. of Active)                                                ̄          ̄              ̄              ̄
       ̄                   ̄                                                    All     know           that          too many cooks....
      by                us.                                          343. (3)Structure of Past Tense, Active Voice, Interroga-
337. (2) Passive Sent. in the Pr. Cont. has the following                 tive Sentence is as follows :
           structure :                                                        Q.wd. + Sub. + V1 + Ob.
      Sub. (Ob. of Active) + is/are/am + being                                    ̄          ̄          ̄        ̄
                      ̄                   ̄               ̄                       Did         he       plan an excursion ..... ?
              The flowers              are         being                  In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :
     + V3               + by + Ob. (Sub. of Active)                       [ The primary Aux. V. (do, does, did) do not appear in
          ̄                    ̄              ̄                              the Passive form.]
         trodden on          by        the lady.                          Was/were + Sub.                      +      V3        + by +
338. (1) Passive Sent. in the S. Past has the following struc-                    ̄               ̄                       ̄             ̄
           ture :                                                               Was             an excursion... planned by
      Sub. (Ob. of Active) + was/were + V3 + by                            Ob. (Agent) ?
                      ̄                    ̄          ̄        ̄                         ̄
             The museum                 was       built by                        him ?
     Ob. (Sub. of Active)                                            344. (4) Structure of Past Tense, Active Voice is as fol-
                    ̄                                                             lows :
       the historical society.                                            Sub.          + V2           + Ob.              + to be
339. (3)The Imp. Sent. in the Passive Voice has the follow-                   ̄                 ̄                ̄                   ̄
     ing structure :                                                       The judge         ordered the murderer to be
      Let + Sub. + be + V3               (by Ob.)                         V3
         ̄          ̄         ̄     ̄                                          ̄
       Let       him       be told ..... (not required)                  hanged.
     In Active Voice, the structure will be as follows :                  In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :
     Sub. (Ob. of Passive) + V1 + Ob. (Sub. of Passive)                   Sub. + was/were + V3                      + by       + Ob.
                     ̄                ̄                 ̄                        ̄             ̄                 ̄            ̄             ̄
             (not required)         tell            him                       It          was            ordered       by       the judge
     to do it.
340. (3) Active Sent. in the S.Pr. has the following struc-               to       + V1      +        Ob2
           ture :
                                                                            ̄           ̄                ̄
      Sub. (Ob. of Passive)           +      V1 +
                       ̄                        ̄
                                                                            to        hang        the murderer.
             .....somebody                sweeps and mops            345. (3) The structure of an Imperative Sentence (request)
                                                                           will be as follows :
     Ob. (Sub. of Passive)
                     ̄
                                                                           Sub. + are requested + to + V1 +                        Ob.
                                                                              ̄                  ̄                 ̄         ̄             ̄
              the room....
                                                                              You        are requested           to offer your remarks
341. (4) The structure of Past Tense, Active Voice is as
      follows :                                                      346. (2) Structure of Pr. Cont. Tense, Active Voice is as
                                                                                 follows :
     Sub.           +     V2 + Ob1        and   +      V2 + Ob2
         ̄                   ̄        ̄         ̄           ̄        ̄
                                                                           Sub. + is/are/am + V-ing                        + Ob.
                                                                               ̄                 ̄                  ̄              ̄
    The Swiss regarded him... and                    called him...
                                                                              Ratan              is          performing an experiment.
                                                                 SEE–341