TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES (ACTIVE/PASSIVE)
256. (3) Structure of Past Continuous Tense, Active Voice                      +    Ob (Ob1 of Passive)
      is as follows :                                                                          ̄
      Sub.            + was/were + V-ing + Ob.                                     her for her kind deed.
         ̄                        ̄                ̄            ̄            260. (1) Structure of Simple Present Tense, Active Voice
    The labourers              were         digging       a canal.             is as follows :
      In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :                     Sub. + V1 + Ob1 +        Ob2
      Sub. (Ob. of Active) + was/were + being + V3                                ̄        ̄       ̄         ̄
                 ̄                           ̄                ̄         ̄           God gives us happiness.
            A canal                          was          being dug            In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :
      + by + Ob. (Sub. of Active)                                          (1) Sub. (Ob2 of Active) + is/am/are + V3 + by
           ̄                ̄                                                                ̄                        ̄         ̄        ̄
          by         the labourers.                                                   Happiness                  is      given by
257. (4) Structure of Past Tense, Active Voice is as follows:                  + Ob1 (Sub. of Active)
      Sub.              +         V2         +      Ob.                                        ̄
         ̄                          ̄                  ̄                                       God.
    The watchman            switched on           the lights ......        (2) Sub. (Ob1 of Active) + is/am/are + V3
      In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :
                                                                                         ̄                          ̄         ̄
      Sub. (Ob. of Passive) + was/were +                        V3
                                                                                       We                       are       given
                 ̄                          ̄                 ̄
                                                                               + Ob1 (Ob2 of Active) + by + Ob2 (Sub. of Active)
            The lights                         were          switched
                                                                                               ̄               ̄                  ̄
      on
      + by + Ob. (Sub. of Active)                                                         happiness          by               God.
           ̄                   ̄                                           261. (4) Structure of Sentence (using ought to), Active
                                                                               Voice is as follows :
           by          the watchman......
258. (4) Structure of wh-questions in Active Voice is as                       Sub.         + ought to +          V1 + Ob.
      follows :                                                                  ̄                     ̄               ̄        ̄
      Wh word + Aux. + Sub. + V1 +                   Ob.                   The gardener            ought to        water the plants...
            ̄           ̄         ̄          ̄             ̄                        In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :
        Where            do           you keep the current..... ?              Sub. (Ob2 of Active) + ought to + be + V3
      In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :                                 ̄                   ̄          ̄     ̄
      Wh word + Aux. + Sub. (Ob. of Active) + V3                                      The plants          ought to be watered
           ̄               ̄             ̄                          ̄              + by + Ob. (Sub. of Active)
       Where                are the current.....              kept                 ̄      ̄
      + by + Ob. (Sub. of Active) (Agent)                                         by    the gardener.....
           ̄                         ̄                                     262. (2) Structure of wh-questions, Active Voice is as fol-
          by                      you ?                                        lows :
259. (1) Structure of Simple Future Tense, Passive Voice                       Wh word            + V2      + Ob.
      is as follows :                                                               ̄                   ̄            ̄
      Sub. + will/shall + be + V.                   + for                         Who               wrote         it ?
         ̄          ̄             ̄           ̄               ̄                     In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :
       She       will         be      rewarded           for                   Wh word + Aux. + Sub. (Ob. of Active) + V3
      Ob1        +        by     + Ob2
                                                                                    ̄             ̄             ̄                      ̄
         ̄                   ̄             ̄
                                                                               By whom          was          it                 written ?
      her kind            by         (them).
                                                                         263. (4) Structure of Simple Future Tense, Active Voice
      deed
                                                                               is as follows :
      In Active Voice, the structure will be as follows :
                                                                               Sub.          +     will/shall + V1            + Ob.
  (1) Sub. (Ob1 of Passive) + will/shall + V1
                                                                                 ̄                     ̄                  ̄            ̄
                  ̄                          ̄              ̄
                                                                           The principal             will       announce the results.
          Her kind deed                   will         reward
                                                                               In Passive Voice, the structure will be as follows :
      + Ob1 (Sub. of Passive)
                                                                               Sub. (Ob. of Active) + will/shall + be
                     ̄
                                                                                           ̄                   ̄             ̄
                   her.
      It can be changed in this way as well :                                         The results                will    be
  (2) Sub. (Ob2 of Passive) + will/shall + V1                                  + V3               + by + Ob. of Active) (Agent)
                  ̄                          ̄              ̄                         ̄                   ̄               ̄
              They                       will         reward                   announced            by          the principal.
                                                                     SEE–335