TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES (ACTIVE/PASSIVE)
The doer of the action of a Passive Verb (i.e. Object) 19. (2) Sums are being done by me. (Passive)
may sometimes be preceded by some Preposition The sentence is in Present Continuous Tense. (Active)
other than by.
I am doing sums.
e.g. with, at, to, etc.
̄ ̄ ̄
l He is known to me.
Subject Verb Object ® Active
l I was surprised at his result.
Sums are being done by me
l You will be pleased with this news.
̄ ̄ ̄
11. (1) The smugglers did not realise that someone was
recording their Conversation. (Active) Subject Verb Object® Active
The sentence is in Past Continuous Tense. (Passive) 20. (1) I was kept awake by the noise of the traffic.
The smugglers did not realise that their conversation (Passive)
was being recorded The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active)
̄ 21. (2) It is known to us all that there is only one God.
̄ (Passive)
Verb Subject The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active)
(by someone) It is also a Complex Sentence.
̄ 22. (2) He was elected Mayor by the people. (Passive)
Object ® Passive The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active)
The smugglers did not realise that someone 23. (2) Let me not be laughed at, (Passive)
̄ The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active)
Subject In Active Voice, if the sentence expresses command
was recording their conversation. or order or request (Imperative mood), then, in Pas-
̄ ̄ sive Voice the word let is placed at the beginning of
Verb Object ® Active the sentence.
12. (2) The staff members were kept waiting by the e.g. Do it. (Active). Let it be done. (Passive)
principal. (Passive) 24. (2) He was seen leaving the house by me. (Passive)
The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active). The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active)
13. (2) By whom were you taught grammar ? (Passive) 25. (4) The bull was pulled violently. (Passive)
The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active) The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active)
who in Active form becomes by whom in the Passive. 26. (1) I cannot wear this shirt any longer. (Active)
14. (3) He was given a reward by the king. (Passive) The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Passive)
The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active) This shirt cannot be worn by me any longer.
15. (2) We are taught grammar by him. (Passive) ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active) Subject Modal b e VerbObject ® Passive
16. (3) Is what I mean understood by you ? (Passive) I cannot wear this shirt any longer.
The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active). ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
It is an Interrogative Sentence. Subject Modal Verb Object ® Active
When an Interrogative Sentence begins with the Aux- 27. (1) Grass is not eaten by a lion, however hungry he
iliary verb-Do it should be changed into first Asser- may be. (Passive)
tive, then Passive and then an Interrogative one. The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active)
Sentence ® Do you understand what I mean ? 28. (2) He was seen picking up a gun by someone. (Pas-
Step 1 (Assertive) You understand what I mean ? sive)
The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active)
Step 2 (Passive) What I mean is understood by you?
29. (3) Circumstances obliged him to resign. (Active)
Step 3 (Interrrogative) Is what I mean understood by you?
The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Passive)
17. (3) Who is looked for by him ? (Passive)
30. (4) Why was my proposal not agreed to by you ? (Pas-
The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active)
sive)
18. (4) You are said to have done that. (Passive)
The sentence is in Simple Past Tense. (Active)
The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active).
31. (2) It is time for tea to be taken. (Passive)
It is also a Complex sentence.
The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active)
In changing the Voice of Complex Sentences the
Passive of Infinitives is done by retaining to followed
Voice of both the Principal and Subordinate clauses
by be and the Past Participle of the Verb.
should be changed.
eg. It is time to tell him the truth. (Active)
They say that you did that.
It is time for the truth to be told to him. (Passive)
̄ ̄ ̄
The sentence is in Simple Present Tense. (Active)
Subordinate Connector Principal Clause
32. (3) All the decisions should be adhered to by the mem-
Clause
bers. (Passive)
SEE–325