AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH GRAMMAR & LANGUAGE
     (2) The cleaning of the machine by the servants.                Gandhiji emphasized the moral purity of both means
     (3) The gradual abandoning of the house by the chil-            and ends.
          dren.                                                   6. (1) The answer is contained in the following state-
     (4) The old man"s children becoming economically                ment :
          weak.                                                      “He wanted all men to be free so that they could
5.   Who is the narrator of the story of the lady"s ances-           grow unhampered into full self-realisation”.
     tors?                                                           From this statement we can say, Gandhiji advocated
     (1) The sewing machine.                                         that full self-realisation could be achieved through
     (2) The big reel of cotton thread.                              unrestricted growth which is possible only through
     (3) The pedal.                                                  freedom.
     (4) None of these                                            7. (2) Gandhiji did not want to encourage submission.
                                                                     So the statement (1) is false.
        ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS                                     To Gandhiji both moral purity of means and moral
                                                                     purity of ends are equally important. So the 3rd
EXERCISE–1                                                           statement is also wrong.
                                                                     Statement (4) and (5) are inconsistent with what is
    1. (2)          2. (2)    3. (4)     4. (4)      5. (3)          said or implied in the passage.
    6. (1)          7. (2)    8. (4)     9. (3)     10. (2)          Only 2rd statement is true in the context of the pas-
   11. (3)        12. (1)    13. (2)    14. (4)     15. (4)          sage. The second sentence of the passage produces
                                                                     enough evidences in its support.
    1. (2) The effect of partition on Gandhiji finds mention      8. (4) Nothing is said clearly in the passage in support
       in the following sentence of the passage :                    or against the statement 1 and 2. Statements 3 and
       “And although the partition had caused wounds and             5 are true as per what is/are said in the passage.
       raised problems which claimed all his (Gandhiji’s)            Only what is said in the statement (4) is quite con-
       time and energy .......”                                      trary to what is said in the passage in this respect.
       It is clear in this very sentence that a lot of his time   9. (3) The old balance wheel.
       and energy were wasted due to partition.                  10. (2) If some authority or power ordains something,
    2. (2) He has been invited by many foreigners to visit           they decide that it should happen or be in exist-
       their countries and deliver his message to them di-           ence.
       rectly but he declined to accept such invitations as,         Ordain (Verb) means order or command; decide in
       he said, he must make good what he claimed for :              advance. For example,
       Truth and Ahimsa in his own country before he                 Fate had ordained that he should die in poverty.
       could launch on the gigantic task of winning or               It is very clear that, we can substitute word, or-
       rather converting the world.                                  dained with wished, in the passage.
       This shows that he wanted to accomplish the task             (Page 1164, Collins Combuild English Dictionary)
       of converting his countrymen first. So he declined        11. (3) Deliver (Verb) means give (a lecture, sermon,
       such proposals.                                               speech, etc.)
       This shows that he was busy in India (his own coun-           For example,
       try) and could not spare time to visit abroad.                She delivered a talk on philosophy to the society.
    3. (4) The author did not consider Gandhiji’s method             Though the word deliver bears many other mean-
       from critical point of view. So, he did not mention           ing, but in context to the passage, it bears the mean-
       any shortcoming of Gandhiji’s method. obviously, the          ing stated above.
       answer is (5).                                                So, we can choose communicate without any hesi-
    4. (4) “The assence of Gandhiji’s teaching was meant             tation.
       not for his country or his people alone but for all                                     (Page 317, Oxford Advanced
       mankind and is valid not only for today but for all                                            Learner’s Dictionary)
       the time.”                                                12. (1) Being (Noun) means (i) existence.
       From this statement we can conclude :                         For example,
       (i) His teaching was meant for his country.                   What is the purpose of our being?
       (ii) His teaching has not time-bound applicability.           (ii) One’s essence or nature, self.
       (iii) As it is meant for all mankind so it insipired the      For example,
       masses also.                                                  I detest violence with my whole being
       Hence, we can conclude that none of these state-              (iii) living creature : human being.
       ments is correct.                                             In the passage we can substitute the word being
    5. (3) “The means to be compatible with this end there-          with existence without distorting the meaning of the
       fore, he said have to be purely moral, namely                 sentence.
       unadultarated truth and non-violence”.                                                   (Page 97, Oxford Advanced
       From this premise, we can approach the truth that                                              Learner’s Dictionary)
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