Back to Projects
JOIN WHATSAPP GROUP
Free PSC MCQ 4 Lakhs+
Please Write a Review
Current Affairs 2018 to 2022
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 1
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 2
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 3
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 4
PYQ 1200 Q/A Part - 5
Kerala PSC English Grammar Book Study Materials 1 Page 86
Book's First PageAN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH GRAMMAR & LANGUAGE Thus as a general rule we change: * Inverted commas (“ ” or ‘ ’) deleted. (A) (B) * If the R.S. is Yes/No question, if / whether is used Now ® then before the R.S. in the Indirect Speech. As, This ® that * He said to me, “Is Gopal Your brother”? - Direct. These ® those He asked me if Gopal was my brother. - Indirect Ago ® before If the R.S. is Wh-question (the R.S. beginning with who / what / how / where / when / why), no conjunction Thus ® so is used before the R.S. As, Here ® there He said, “where is the book?” Hence ® thence - Direct To-day ® That day He asked me where the book was. - Indirect Tomorrow® the next day * The R.S. becomes Assertive. Yesterday ® the previous day/ Interrogative R.S. changes into Assertive R.S. the day before Verb + Subject ® Subject + Verb Last night® the previous As, Nitu said to me, “When will he sleep?” night/ the night Nitu asked me when he would sleep. before *Will changes into would Next weekthe following week Shall changes into should If the tense of the R.S. changes, the following words *In the end ‘?’ (Mark of Interrogative) is deleted and full also change stop (.) is used instead of ‘?’ (A) (B) * Note :Do not use ‘asked to’. Use object after ‘ask’ - ask Shall should me, asked him etc. Will would General rules for changing the Direct Speech of Im- Can could perative sentences into the Indirect speech : May might * Imperative sentence has ‘Order’, ‘Request’, ‘Negative Am/is was command’. Are were * This type of sentence begins with - Go, Bring (with Makes made verb) Would help would have helped * Negative command begins with ‘do not’ or ‘don’t.’ Note : Universal or habitual facts can be expressed only As, in the Simple Present (Present Indefinite) He said, “Don’t be foolish”. For example His friend said to him, “Join his party”. etc. He said, “The earth moved round the sun.” — Rules regarding order / request : Incorrect * Say / said is changed into order / ordered, request / He said, “The earth moves round the sun.” — requested; ask/ asked, beg / begged, tell /told etc. Correct * Inverted commas deleted He said, “Honesty is the best policy.” — Direct * ‘to’ is used in front of the R.S. He said that honesty is the best policy. — Indirect * Kindly / please is not used in the Indirect speech, In direct speech the R.S. begins with capital letter, but because we do not use kindly / please with request. in Indirect the R.S. begins with small letters, barring a few Rules regarding Negative Command exception (as, ’I’) * Say / said is changed into ask / asked, tell / told, Indirect Narration of Assertive Sentences remind / reminded, as per need. He said, “Man is mortal”.— Direct * ‘do’ is avoided in the Indirect speech. The R.S. of the sentence bears universal fact : * Negative word ‘Not’ is used before ‘to’. “Man is mortal”. * Please / kindly is not used in the Indirect speech. He said (Ist Part of the sentence) is in past tense. Ac- As, cording to rules, the tense of the R.S. Changes, if the R.V. Mohan said to me, “Do not forget to tell her”. - Direct is in the Past Tense. But, if the R.S. is a universal fact (i.e. Mohan told / asked / reminded me not to forget to tell in simple present tense), the tense of R.S. does not change. her. - Direct I advised him Thus, both tje parts of the given sentence remain unchanged not to go abroad for further studies. - Correct while changing it from direct to indirect. The only change * Remember, can take place is the use of that between the R.V. and the Forbid / Forbade + Object + to + V2 R.S. and inverted commas (“ ”) will be deleted. Prohibit / prohibited, prevent / prevented + Object + He said that Man is mortal. From + V(ing) — Indirect Sita said to him, “Don’t go out”.- Direct General rules for changing the Direct speech of In- Sita forbade him to go out.- Indirect terrogative Sentences into the Indirect Speech. *Rules for changing the sentences beginning with let * R.V. ‘Say’ is changed into ask, enquire (of), want to from the Direct to the Indirect : know (of). SEE–93