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Kerala PSC English Grammar Book Study Materials 1 Page 69
Book's First PageAN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH GRAMMAR & LANGUAGE Exclamatory : How beautiful is night! Active : They proposed to hold a meeting. Assertive : Night is very beautiful. Passive : It was proposed by them that a meeting should Exclamatory : How sweet the moonlight sleeps upon this be held bank! Active : They were conducting him to the chair. Assertive : The moonlight very sweetly sleeps upon Passive : He was being conducted by them to the chair. this bank. Active : The audience highly applauded his speech. Exclamatory : O that I were young again! Passive : His speech was highly applauded. Assertive : I wish that I were young again. Active : Brutus stabbed Caesar. Exclamatory : Alas! that youth should pass away! Passive : Caesar was stabbed by Brutus. Assertive : It is sad to think that youth should pass Active : The people will make him king away. Passive : He will be made king by the people Affirmative and Negative Sentences Affirmative into Active : Who taught you grammer? Negative Passive : By whom was grammar taught you? Affirmative : He failed to notice me when he came in. or By, whom were you taught grammar? Negative : He did not notice me when he came in Active : The king gave him a reward. Affirmative : As soon as he came he made objections. Passive : He was given a reward by the king. Negative : No sooner did he come than he made or, A reward was given him by King objections. Active : The Romans expected to conquer Carthage Affirmative : Only the everning star has as yet ap- peared. Passive : It was expected by the Romans that they would conquer Carthage Negative : None but the evening star has yet ap- peared. Passive : It is time to shut up the shop Affirmative : He was a man of some intelligence. Active : It is time for the shop to be shut up. Negative : He was a man of no great intelligence Passive : The audience loudly cheered the Mayors speech. Affirmative : Kolkata is the biggest city in India. Active : The Mayor’s speech was loudly cheered. Negative : There is no other city in India as big as Kolkata. or Passive into Active There is no bigger city in India than Passive : The house had been deserted by those who Kolkata. lived in it. Negative into Affirmative Active : Those who lived in the house had deserted it. Negative : I am not a little tired. Passive : I have been shocked at his conduct. Affirmative : I am very tired. Active : His conduct has shocked me. Negative : There is no rose without a thorn. Passive : John prayed to the judge that he might be Affirmative : Every rose has a thorn. pardoned. Negative : We did not find the road very bad. Active : John prayed that the judge might pardon him. Affirmative : We found the road fairly good. Passive : Everybody was satisfied with him Negative : There could be no smoke without fire. Active : He satisfied everybody. Affirmative : Wherever there is smoke there in fire. Passive : Our purpose has been served. Negative : None but a Hercules could do this. Active : It has served our purpose. Affirmative : Only a Hercules could do this. Passive : Caves must be dug for them. Negative : A good boy never neglects his lessons. Active : Others must dig caves from them. Affirmative : A good boy alwasys minds his lessons. Passive : I was compelled to go. Negative : No one can deny that he was a great man. Active : Circumstances compelled me to go. Affirmative : Everybody must admit that he was a Passive : Police has arrested the thief. great man. Active : The thief has been arrested. Active into Passive Simple into Double or Multiple (Compound) Active : They proposed to build a dam for irrigation Simple sentences may be converted into Compound purposes. ones by enlarging Words or Phrases into Co-ordinate Passive : It was proposed by them that a dam should clauses. be built for irrigation purposes. Simple : Besides doing his own work, he helped me. Active : The Curator of the Museum showed us some Compound : He not only did his own work, but also he ancient coins. helped me. Passive : We were shown some ancient coins by the Simple : Shifting himself along the arm, he rose to Curator of the Museum. his feet. Active : They laughed at him. Compound : He shifted himself along the arm and rose to Passive : He was laughed at by them his feet. SEE–76