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Kerala PSC English Grammar Book Study Materials 1 Page 34
Book's First PageAN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH GRAMMAR & LANGUAGE soil - soil ed (d) prevail - prevailed (d) Shake : The lion shook his It has shaken my ratain - retained (d) loot - looted (d) mane. faith. clean - cleaned (d) join - joined (d) Shoe : Who shot my horse? I have shod it. scream - screamed (d) Shoot : He shot at the tiger. The tiger was shot (iv) -ed pronounced d, t, id : Weak Verbs ending in more dead. than one consonant add -ed in the Past Tense and Shrink : He shrank from the The linen has shrunk. Past Participle. scene. For example, Sing : She sang so sweetly. Often have I sung your praise. call - called (d) climb - climed (d) Sink : The boat sank. He has sunk a tube- arm - armed (d) push - pushed (d) well in his compound. touch - touched (d) lift - lifted (d) Sit : I sat down to read. He has set for the test. Past Tense and Past Participle Slay : He slew his rival. The soldier was slain Past Tense Past Participle in battle. Bear : He bore the song in his She has borne twins. Sleep : I slept soundly. He has slept long. memory. Sow : he sowed many seeds. He must reap what he Beat : He beat his opponents. They have beaten him. has sown. Begin : He began to weep. We have begun to Spend : He spent his time in I have spent my all. write. vain. Bid : He bade me go away. I was bidden to go. Spin : He span out a nice The top was spun by Bind : We bound his hands. I was bound to do it. story. me. Bite : A mad dog bit him. A snake his bitten him. Spread :The news spread We have spread this Burst : He burst into tears. The bubble has burst. quickly. news. Choose: We choose this book. They have chosen Spring : He sprang from a high You have sprung a sur Cost : It cost him his life. It has cost me nothing. family. prise. Deal : He dealt his rice. John has dealt him a Stand : He stood the test well. I have stood up for blow. truth. Draw : He drew his sword. He has drawn a pic Steal : He stole my watch. He has stolen trash. ture. Stick : He stuck at nothing. A bone has stuck in Drink : We drank a cup of We were drunk with may gullet. milk. joy. Sting : The remark stung He was stung by a Drive : I drove a car. He has driven out his me. bee. guest. Strike : He struck a blow on It has never struck Eat : I ate a loaf. He has eaten rice. my face. me. Fall : Sam fell ill. He has fallen foul of Strive : He strove hard to win. I have striven to beat me. him. Feel : We felt a shock. he has felt for me Swear : he swore to help me. He was sworn to stop. Find : We found him in. He was found a job. Swing : I swam across the Who has swum the Forget : I forgot his name. I have not forgotten river. channel? you. Take : I took rest here. He has taken my pen. Freeze : The river frozen in Water is frozen by Tear : He tore the letter. I was torn to pieces. winter. cold. Throw : He threw stones at me. He was thrown over Get : I got a prize. I have got a headache. overboard. Go : I went home. he has gone to law. Use : I used your pen. He is not used to hard Grow : He grew angry. I have grown wiser. work. Wear : His patience wore out He has worn a new Hide : He hid his face from It was hidden in a box. at last. coat. me. Weave : He wave a sheet of The story was skilfully Hurt : This hurt me much. I have hurt by let. cloth. woren. Know : I knew him. He was known to me. Weep : She wept bitter tears. I have long wept to Lead : Who let the boys? He has led his party you. see. to victory. Past Participle forms like - bounden, clove, drunken, Lose : I lost my keys. He has lost his job. gotten, graven, hewn, hidden, motten, shorn, shrunken, Mean : He meant no harm. I was meant for this. stricken and sunken etc. are used as Adjectives only. Ring : I rang him up on the Who has rung the bell? For example, phone. Verbs Verbs used as Adjectives Rise : They rose in arms. The sun has risen. Tom was bound to work. It is your bounden duty. Run : He ran a race. I have run into debt. The rock was cleft in two. The cow has cloven feet. Seek : He never sought Fortune has sought We were drunk with a Harold was found in a honour. him new spirit. drunken state. Send : I sent him to jail. I have sent for him. I have got a prize. I have ill-gotten wealth. Set : I set my dog on him. He has set out on a He hid himself in a bush. John found a hidden trea- tour. sure. SEE–41