AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH GRAMMAR & LANGUAGE
When such words do appear in the plural, they are But, before reading Noun and Case, we should study
used as common nouns. the case of Pronoun.
For example, Nominative Accusative Possessive
Kindnesses = acts of kindness. We us our/ours
Provocations = instances or cases of provocation. I me my/mine
(b) There are also some names of substances or mate- He him his
rials which are never used in plurals. They are called Ma- She her her/hers
terial Nouns. You you your/yours
For example, They them their/theirs
Copper, iron, tin, wood etc. Who whom whose
But, when these words are used in the plural, they 1. After let pronouns are used in Accusative Case.
become Common nouns and also, their meanings are For example,
changed. Let we read thoroughly. —wrong
For example, Let us read thoroughly. —correct
Coppers — copper coins. Let them, her and we go there. —wrong
Irons — fetters. Let them, her and us go there. —correct
Tins — cans made of tin. 2. After preposition pronoun is used in Accusative Case.
Woods — forests. For example,
There is a nice relation between she and I. —wrong
CASE There is a nice relation between her and me.
—correct
There are four kinds of CASE : 3. After than pronoun should be used in Nominative
1. Nominative 2. Accusative case.
3. Possessive 4. Dative For example,
If Noun or Pronoun is used as the subject, it is called Ram is better than her. —wrong
Nominative case. Ram is better than she. —correct
For example, But, Ram runs faster than she/her —correct
She is reading.
[As helping verb is not used in comparative degree]
̄
4. After if, pronoun is used in Nominative Case.
Nominative
For example,
Mohan is walking
If I were him I would have gone. —wrong
̄
If I were he I would have gone. —correct.
Nominative
If noun or pronoun is used as the object, it is called Use of the Possessive Case
Accusative case. 1. To the end of a si ngul ar Noun we put —"s
For example, (apostrophe) for Possessive Case :
I like her. For example,
̄ Rajiv"s book, Meena"s mother, President"s
Accusative bodyguard.
That is Anjali. 2. —s ending plural nouns take only (’)
̄ For example,
Accusative Boys" hostel., Girls" school.
If the possession or the relation of noun is expressed, But,
it is called Possessive Case.
Women"s college, Men"s competition, Children"s
For example,
park
Rahul"s book.
3. In compound nouns, we use possessive with the
̄ last term.
possession
For example,
Sharukh"s brother.
Commander-in-chief"s order
̄ Mother-in-law"s house
relation
Father-in-law"s problem
If Noun or pronoun is called or addressed, it is called
Dative case. Engineer-in-chiefs" office
For example, Brother-in-law"s wife.
John, read mindly. 4. If possessive is used before than, it should be used
̄ after than.
Dative For example,
Come here, Seema. Ravi"s sister is more beautiful than Karan. —wrong
̄ Ravi"s sister is more beautiful than Karan"s.
Dative —correct.
SEE–22